Active clinical trials for "Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity"

This is a pilot study that will be an exploratory investigation of the rate of occurrence of ADHD/S-ADHD in adolescent cancer survivors. The procedures that will be used for identifying attention problem symptoms, determining the frequency and severity of such symptoms, and characterizing the level of impairment resulting from the symptoms are novel to pediatric oncology research.This pilot study will draw from the approach used in traumatic brain injury research of post-injury effects to illuminate more clearly the nature of attentional late effects experienced by survivors of childhood cancer.

This study, conducted at Duke University in Durham, NC, will determine whether the drugs Adderall and methylphenidate affect the genetic material of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). One small study has shown that taking methylphenidate for ADHD may result in higher levels of certain types of changes to the genetic material contained in white blood cells. The changes seen are not directly linked to increased risk of disease, but indicate a possibility that other kinds of damage that may be linked to increased disease may result from taking methylphenidate. The study will also examine whether these types of changes might occur in children treated with Adderall . Children between the ages of 6 and 12 with symptoms of ADHD may be eligible for this study. Candidates are screened with a medical history, psychiatric examination, IQ test, physical examination, and electrocardiogram. Parents and teachers complete questionnaires to rate the severity of the child's ADHD. Qualified children who are diagnosed with ADHD and who are appropriate candidates for treatment with either Adderall or methylphenidate-based drugs (e.g., Concerta, Metadate, Focalin, Ritalin or Ritalin LA) may be selected for this study. At a baseline visit (Visit 0), parents complete questionnaires that rate the severity of their child's ADHD. The children have their vital signs checked (pulse, blood pressure, breathing rate, height, weight and temperature) and have a blood sample drawn. The children are then randomly assigned to treatment with either Adderall or a methylphenidate product. After the baseline visit, participants undergo the following tests and procedures: Dose Optimization Visits (visits 1-4) In the first 4 weeks of the study, the dose of methylphenidate or Adderall is adjusted weekly until doctors determine the dose strength that works best for the individual child. In addition, the following procedures are done at each visit: Child's vital signs are checked. Parents complete a questionnaire about the severity of the child's ADHD. Parent and child describe the impact of symptoms on the child's functioning. Parents complete forms about common side effects of the study drug. Follow-up Visits (visits 5-6) Children return to the clinic once a month to assess their health and further adjust their medication dose, if needed. The visits are similar to those during the dose optimization period, with the following additional procedures at visit 6: A blood sample is obtained to measure whether the medication has affected the child's genetic material. A physical examination is done to check child's health. Information is provided parents to assist in planning for child's treatment after the study.

The objective of this research is to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a neuropsychological task to test the prefrontal mechanism of action of the medical food Vayarin.

The goal of this study is to develop and test a mobile web application to optimize early stimulant medication treatment for children receiving care for Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in a publicly-funded mental health clinic.

The purpose of this observational study is to explore the efficacy of methylphenidate hydrochloride in children and adolescents diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by Kiddie-scheduled for affective disorders (SADS)-present and life time version (K-SADS-PL).

Children and adolescents with ADHD are impulsive and have difficulties in regulating their behaviors. It has been suggested that a core deficit in inhibitory control may account for dysfunctional behaviors associated with this disorder. Previous research has shown that medication and the self-regulation strategy of making implementation intentions (i.e., if-then plans) are effective in enhancing children's inhibitory control, which is reflected in the behavioral as well as electrophysiological (e.g., Electroencephalogram; EEG) data on a Go/NoGo task in children with ADHD. As suggested by earlier research, however, forming implementation intentions may have different effects on people who are embedded in different cultures. The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of medication and the self-regulation of forming implementation intentions by assessing the behavioral performance and corresponding brain activity during a Go/NoGo task in children and adolescents with and without ADHD under two different cultural contexts. Further, this study also aims at investigating the potential moderating effects of culture on making if-then plans. More important, as we know, this will be the first study to compare the effectiveness of forming implementation intentions on children and adolescents with ADHD in a cross-cultural way, which is meaningful for researchers to explore the degree of its application and expected to provide clinical psychologists an alternative perspective for ADHD treatment in the near future.

The interpersonal problems of adolescents with ADHD may be the most debilitating aspect of their psychopathologic behaviour. This being said, the investigators still do not have a clear understanding of why it is the case that individuals with ADHD have such impaired social and communicative competence. In particular, research has not identified whether the communicative difficulties stems from deficits in taking the perspective of a communicative partner, or in being able to make use of this information in a systematic way. This study will compare adolescents with ADHD to adolescents not diagnosed with ADHD and their performance on a number of social inference and communication tests. This study hypothesizes that persons with ADHD will not perform as effectively as control participants on the social inference and communication tests, and will evidence lower WM score. As well, this study hypothesizes that a working memory/cognitive load task will impede performance on certain social inference and communication tests to a greater extent in the ADHD population than in the control group.

The purpose of this study is to learn more about the functioning of particular types of regions of the brain, specifically, those related to externalizing disorders such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Oppositional Defiance Disorder (ODD), and Conduct Disorder (CD). Brain function of children and adolescents with externalizing disorders such as ADHD, ODD, and CD will be compared to the brain function of those without. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) will be used to monitor brain activity at work and at resting states.

The aim of this study is to analyse explicit and implicit emotional information processing abilities in children with attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. ADHD's nosology is largely based on clinical phenomenology that includes such symptoms as inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. However, a reliable ADHD biomarker has still not been determined either for differential diagnosis or for monitoring treatment effects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that function in the process of RNA silencing and the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. MiRNAs are found in abundance throughout the nervous system and play a vital role in the transcriptional networks with regards to human brain development. Currently, miRNAs' involvement in the pathogenesis of ADHD continues to be unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prospective role of miRNAs in ADHD and to determine whether miRNA levels in peripheral blood can serve as a biomarker and a diagnosis panel for ADHD. In the preliminary study, blood samples were collected from five patients with ADHD and five healthy control subjects. The use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques has identified 23 miRNAs as potential biomarkers for ADHD. During this three-year proposal, we intend to recruit 100 drug-naïve patients with ADHD and 100 age- and gender-matched control subjects (Training Set). Blood will be obtained through direct puncture of the vein from each participant to analyze the miRNAs by using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The behavior and neuropsychology of each participant will be assessed. This research will construct a miRNAs diagnosis panel using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification model to discriminate ADHD from non-ADHD. The validity of the miRNA diagnosis panel will then be re-examined using an independent validation sample composed of 50 patients with ADHD and 50 control subjects (Testing Set). All of the 150 patients with ADHD will receive treatment in a traditional clinical practice and then will be followed up with for 12 months. At the twelfth month, the same procedures as those performed at the baseline will be replicated to examine the influence of ADHD medications on miRNAs, as well as determine whether miRNAs can serve as a biomarker to portray the condition of ADHD under treatment. MiRNA target gene prediction and functional annotation analysis will also be performed. This study will develop a potential diagnostic panel for ADHD through the use of combinations of multiple miRNA expressions. We will provide proof of the relationships of miRNAs profiles and ADHD manifestations in clinical samples and further explain the molecular pathogenesis of ADHD. Such information may become an important reference for future research and clinical treatments for patients with ADHD.