Active clinical trials for "Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity"

The aim of the study is to assess the effect of Methylphenidate on cognitive performance and decision-making ability of ADHD adults, and to compare this effect to the effect on healthy control adults.

This project apply curriculum of online programme materials and structure for mindful parenting and caregiving. It will include four modules (introductory mindfulness, mindful parenting, applying mindfulness in challenging moments, and advanced exercises for parents of children with special needs). Each module will include short psychoeducation videos and audio mindfulness exercises that can be used in various web-based or application-based platforms. A set of videos and audio exercises will be produced for the core program materials. One study of online mindful parenting program reported a low completion rate below 30%, showing the significance of weekly video or phone contact by professionals in program engagement. Although web-based or application-based mindfulness intervention have become popular, very limited effort has been developed for applying mindfulness in parenting and caregiving using technology. Only two published studies on online mindfulness-based intervention for parents are identified. Objectives of the study are: 1. Investigate the effects of online mindfulness-based intervention for parents of children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. 2. Validate the protocol of the programme and explore the needs to make refinements of the programme based on the quantitative outcome and qualitative interview analyses

This study designed and evaluated a psychoeducation program for parents of ADHD children in terms of improving medication adherence and clinical benefits.

The aims of the current study are to examine gene-environment interactions associated with norepinephrine (NE) system genes (ADRA2A, SLC6A2) in ADHD, and to evaluate whether genetic changes in norepinephrine pathway are associated with differences in functional connectivity of white matter fiber tracts, as measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Furthermore, this study aims to examine neurobiological markers, such as intermediate neuroimaging phenotypes or neuropsychological endophenotypes associated with the pathophysiology of ADHD. Through evaluating drug responses and side effects with the associated measures of clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging characteristics, investigators would like to investigate predictors of treatment response associated with NE system genes in ADHD.

Background: The current study aimed to explore the possible effect of stimulants on oxytocin (OT), a neuropeptide found to regulate social behavior, as a mediator of the pro-social effect of methylphenidate (MPH) in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to healthy controls (HCs). Methods: In a double-blind manner the investigators compared the performance of 50 children with ADHD and 40 HCs in "theory of mind" (ToM) tasks and examined the effect of a single dose of MPH/placebo on ToM and salivary OT levels in children with ADHD at baseline and following an interpersonal interaction.

This work will assess the prevalence in the general population of the ineffectiveness of the anesthetic Lidocaine compared to males with ADHD and females with ADHD with or without PMS.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common childhood behavioural disorder, causing significant impediment to a child's development. The exact aetiology of ADHD is still unknown. It is a complex disorder with numerous contributing (epi)genetic and environmental factors. Currently, treatment predominantly consists of behavioural and pharmacological therapy. However, medication use is associated with several side effects and concerns about long-term effects and efficacy exist. Therefore, there is considerable interest in the development of alternative treatment options. Double-blind research investigating the effect of a few-foods diet (FFD) has demonstrated large improvements in ADHD symptoms. However, following an FFD requires great effort of both the child and parents. To make this treatment easier or potentially obsolete, it is important to understand how and in which children an FFD affects ADHD symptoms. The investigators hypothesise that an FFD affects brain function and behaviour, including ADHD symptoms, via the complex network of communication between the microbiota, gut and brain, i.e. the MGB axis. The aim of this study is to identify potential mechanism(s) underlying the impact of an FFD on ADHD symptoms and to identify biomarkers that predict the response to the FFD. 100 boys with ADHD will follow the FFD for 5 weeks. After inclusion, all participants will start with a baseline period, during which they will maintain their regular diet. The baseline period ends at the end of week 2. Thereafter, participants will follow a 5-week FFD, preceded by a 1-week transition period. The FFD period ends at the end of week 8. At the end of the baseline period (i.e. at the end of week 2) and at the end of the FFD (i.e. at the end of week 8), fMRI scans will be made, blood and buccal saliva will be collected, and stool and urine will be handed in. Children will do computer tasks and parents will complete questionnaires to monitor ADHD and physical complaints. All samples will be analysed by researchers blinded to behavioural responses to the FFD. To assess the impact of the FFD on brain function and the MGB axis, associations between ADHD behavioural changes and changes in other primary and secondary study outcomes will be analysed. This study may lead to the identification of biomarkers that can predict the response to an FFD. Understanding which changes - induced by an FFD - lead to improvements in ADHD symptoms may provide new avenues for developing treatments. Ultimately, the findings may enable personalised intervention strategies based on an individuals' configuration of the MGB axis.

While the Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate (SPD489) clinical program has studied the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of SPD489 in treating core symptoms of ADHD in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years and adults aged 18-55 years, the majority of these studies have been of short duration - up to 8 weeks. A number of long-term studies have been undertaken (up to 1 year) and these have confirmed the safety and ongoing efficacy in this patient population. In order to run a study with investigational medication within Poland the study changed to a Phase 3 rather than a Phase 4 study in that country. Please note that the study number remains as SPD489-404. Study SPD489-404 has been designed to further evaluate the long-term effects of SPD489 in children and adolescents over a 2-year treatment period.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (process by which JNJ-31001074 is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body) after a single dose of JNJ-31001074. Up to three dose strengths will be tested in patients 6-11 years old with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity that are frequently treated with stimulant medications such as Ritalin. Many people with ADHD smoke. The smoking prevalence rates are estimated to be 40% in adults with ADHD compared to 20% in the general population. People with ADHD have also more difficulty to quit smoking. Only 29% of smokers with ADHD quit smoking compared to 48.5% of smokers in the general population. Nicotine is a stimulant, which may have properties similar to stimulant medications (e.g., Ritalin) used to treat ADHD. Nicotine may increase attention and reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity and, thus, may regulate behavior in individuals with ADHD. Alleviating the symptoms of ADHD and increasing cardiovascular activity through smoking may mimic the effects of stimulant medications and can be a form of self-medication. The major objective of the study was to examine the effects of nicotine on ADHD symptoms, moods, and cardiovascular activity. The study investigated the effects of nicotine patches on behavioral regulation in adult smokers and nonsmokers with ADHD. Smokers and nonsmokers with ADHD participated in two conditions: (1) nicotine patch and (2) placebo patch. During each condition, symptoms, moods, and side effects were assessed for 2 days during waking hours. An electronic handheld diary, programmed to prompt the participant twice per hour, recorded ADHD symptoms (e.g., difficulty concentrating, impulsivity, etc.), negative moods (e.g., anger, stress), and nicotine side effects (nausea, dizziness). Heart rate and blood pressure were recorded with lightweight ambulatory monitors to indicate cardiovascular activity. Results provided information about the effects of nicotine patches on behavioral regulation in adult smokers and nonsmokers with ADHD. The inclusion of nonsmokers was important to clarify whether the effects of nicotine on smokers was due to smoking withdrawal. The findings help explain the increased smoking prevalence rates and reduced quit rates associated with ADHD. Knowledge about nicotine's effects on behavioral regulation can help to develop successful smoking cessation programs for individuals with ADHD. The findings on cardiovascular activity may help determine the potential risk for cardiovascular disease in smokers and nonsmokers with ADHD. The study contributed to understanding nicotine's effects on behavioral regulation in a highly vulnerable population such as people with ADHD.