Active clinical trials for "Epilepsy"

Dogs belonging to MDD will be trained and asked to discriminate between odour sweat samples from epilepsy patients associated with a seizure ("seizure sample") and samples collected when no seizure was close in time ("non-seizure sample"). The same type positive and negative sweat samples will be analysed by Florida International University using solid phase micro extraction (SPME) GC-MS to try to identify volatile organic components (VOC) specific to the samples associated with seizures.

Patients with non-symptomatic epilepsy, even in the presence of a normative cognitive functioning, present different levels of neuropsychological weaknesses, especially in executive functions and social competences. Such difficulties can significantly influence academic achievement and social inclusion. To date, there is limited evidence on small samples that training focusing on executive functions, also through tele-rehabilitation methods, may be effective in limiting these difficulties. Therefore, the purpose of this research project is to evaluate the effectiveness of a training of the executive functions (administered via the Lumosity platform) in patients with non-symptomatic focal and generalized epilepsy. A cognitive and behavioral assessment will be performed before and after the treatment to evaluate its efficacy. Moreover, a predefined neurophysiological marker will be recorded before and after treatment to detect changes in cortical activity which may reflect expected treatment effects.

Epilepsy is a frequent group of diseases, affecting 1% of the general population with a higher incidence in children. Anti-epileptic drugs are used as part of the drug treatment. Even if children with epilepsy have its own characteristics, as in adults, the choice of an anti-epileptic treatment is also based on the benefit-risk balance. The purpose of the treatment should not only be the seizure control. The occurence of side effects is a major factor to be taken into account. In the special populatIon of children with resistant epilepsy (20 to 30% of epilepsy), the treatment goal is not any more to be seizure free but to achieve the lowest possible frequency of seizures with the lowest level of side effects. When assessing the benefit-risk balance of antiepileptic treatment, it is important to keep in mind that the child is a developing human being whose main activity is learning. Special attention should be paid to minimize treatments with excessive cognitive consequences. Be particularly wary of combination therapies (combinations of several antiepileptic treatments). Indeed, it is well established that they are more harmful than monotherapy. It is also important to avoid the use of drugs with too strong a cognitive effect. Some molecules such as phenobarbital or topiramate have been the subject of a few studies that have established their deleterious effect on the cognitive level. Among antiepileptics, benzodiazepines are sometimes used as disease-modifying therapy. In France, clobazam is the clonazepam have a Marketing Authorization for children. However, there is no study to determine whether these molecules have cognitive consequences. In order to have more data to better establish the risk-benefit balance of benzodiazepines in the treatment of children with epilepsy, the investigators wish to conduct work to evaluate the cognitive consequences of benzodiazepines in children treated for epilepsy.

There had been much evidence in aspirin controlling tumorous conditions conducted by basic researches, especially through mammilian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. The investigator observed efficacy of aspirin in the treatment of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) in one child who got Kawasaki disease and in the addition four TSC patients with epilepsy. The investigator intend to evaluate whether aspirin would be an effective add-on treatment in TSC patients with refractory seizures.

The study proposed aims to evaluate the effect of Levetiracetam in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a Phase 2 Clinical Trial. Levetiracetam is an established anti-epileptic medication that has been approved by NICE (UK) as a first line treatment for focal epilepsy. Levetiracetam is now generic and acts, as all anti-epileptic medications do, by stabilising neuronal networks. However, Levetiracetam appears unique amongst the anti-epileptic medications in being able to stabilise aberrant neuronal networks in Alzheimer's disease. In both animal models of AD and in patients with mild cognitive impairment, Levetiracetam can offer benefit to cognition. The investigators therefore aim to test whether Levetiracetam, through stabilisation of neuronal networks, may offer benefit to cognition in patients with AD.

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is the most common cause of medication-resistant epilepsy in adults, and MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy is a new approach to its surgical management; however, while LITT demonstrates fewer complications than traditional surgical techniques, it generates lower rates of seizure freedom. During traditional temporal lobectomy for MTLE, neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring (NIOM) can be used to better identify epileptogenic tissue and guide resection. Our study proposes to investigate the utility of NIOM during LITT for MTLE. Subjects will be drawn from refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy patients determined to be candidates for LITT. During their LITT surgery, in addition to the placement of the stereotactic LITT probe, subjects will receive a second smaller stereotactic electrode for intraoperative monitoring of epileptic discharges before and after surgery. After surgery, at regularly scheduled follow-ups, patients will receive the Quality of Life in Epilepsy questionnaire (QOLIE-31-P), in addition to standard post-operative care. Endpoints will be surgical complications, fractional decrement in epileptiform discharges from pre- to post-ablation recordings, and surgical outcome at 6 months and one year. Analysis of severe complications will be expressed as a simple complication rate, for overall complications, severe complications, and hemorrhagic complications in specific. The relationship between fractional discharge decrement and outcome will be assessed by regression analysis. Risks of the study will stem from the placement of the stereotactic electrode for intraoperative monitoring, which represents a small incremental risk beyond typical LITT for MTLE.

Recent data published by various laboratories as well as our preliminary data tend to prove that near-infrared spectroscopy can be used to determine the lateralization of language as part of the preoperative assessment for drug-resistant epilepsy. The reference test used up until very recently was the Wada test, which consisted of injecting an anaesthetic (generally amobarbital sodium) into one of the internal carotid arteries (right or left) in order to determine the predominant cerebral hemisphere for language. This invasive test has been progressively replaced by fMRI, which is nevertheless difficult to perform in children under the age of 7 years. NIRS therefore appears to be a useful alternative, which, in contrast with fMRI, can be easily repeated and allows simple investigation of the various facets of language (e.g. expressive, receptive). In the GRAMFC unit, the investigators have acquired a unique know-how in the field of high-resolution NIRS, both in epilepsy and in the development of language structures.

Epilepsy is a disorder in the brain. The brain is full of "nerve" cells. Nerve cells have normal electrical activity to control the many functions of the body. Sometimes nerve cells do not function normally due to many different reasons such as disease, an injury or because the brain didn't develop normally at birth. When nerve cells do not function normally the electrical activity that controls things like muscles and body movement can get mixed up and cause seizures. When a seizure occurs, sometimes a person loses control of body movement, and/or bodily functions. When a seizure occurs, a person may become unconscious, and/or senses may be affected. Seizures can occur at any time, without warning, and can lead to many health problems. "Catamenial epilepsy" is specific form of epilepsy in women. It is closely related to the menstrual cycle. In this form of epilepsy seizures increase around the menstrual period. By doing this study, researchers hope to learn whether Keishibukuryogan add-on therapy with antiepileptic drugs is safe for women with epilepsy.

Epilepsy is a frequent cause of morbidity in the pediatric age group. Many catastrophic epilepsies present during infancy and childhood1. Seizures in these epileptic disorders are difficult to control; sometimes only at the expense of multiple and toxic levels of antiepileptic medications. The shortcomings of antiepileptic drug therapy and epilepsy surgery warrants the need for alternative treatments. Ketogenic diet is effective for refractory epilepsies (33% of patients with refractory epilepsy have more than 50% reduction in seizures from the baseline and 15-20% become seizure free) and has gained widespread acceptance. Low glycemic index diet treatment (LGIT) is designed as a variant of ketogenic diet. There are retrospective studies on LGIT in childhood refractory epilepsy reporting seizure reduction comparable to that of patients on ketogenic diet. There have been no randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of the low glycemic index diet in refractory epilepsy. In this study we plan to assess the efficacy of LGIT among children with drug refractory epilepsy.

The hypothesis is that the characteristics of extended release Depakote will allow overnight conversion of immediate release to extended release form of Depakote. This has been tested successfully in younger patients but not in individuals over the age of 60. We will include individuals between 60 and 80 years old.