Active clinical trials for "Autism Spectrum Disorder"

The investigators conduct the real world study to explore mechanisms of autism based on multi-modal data.

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are a heterogeneous group of severe developmental abnormalities of the nervous system characterized by deficits in social interaction and verbal and nonverbal communication affecting approximately 1% of the general population. In 5-40% of cases, genetic factors are identified as the cause of these disorders. Despite this unique definition and the advancement of techniques, ASD is still a clinically and genetically heterogeneous condition, as several hundred genes have been identified to date. Primary Objective and Endpoint Primary Objective: Exploration of phenotypic heterogeneity in patients with ASD. Primary endpoint: Routine Care Clinical Investigation Criteria. Scores on assessment scales,

Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of developmental disorders that affect communication, social interaction, and behavior. Relatively little is known about the relationship between genetics and behavior among these individuals and their close relatives. Researchers are interested in using interviews and rating scales to better understand these issues, as well as collecting brain scan data and genetic samples for testing and comparison. By comparing test results and genetic samples from healthy volunteers, people with ASD, and parents (or caregivers or legal guardians) of the first two groups, researchers hope to better understand the neuroscience of ASD. Objectives: To learn more about the brain in healthy people and in people with autism spectrum disorders. To study genes that might be involved in autism spectrum disorders by collecting DNA samples from participants. Eligibility: The following groups of participants will be eligible for the study: Individuals between 5 and 89 years of age who have autism spectrum disorders. Healthy volunteers between 5 and 89 years of age. Cognitively impaired children between 5 and 17 years of age. Parents/caregivers/legal guardians of individuals in the above three groups. Design: Participants will visit the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center for research tests, which will be administered over multiple visits. Researchers will determine the specific tests to be administered based on the medical history of the study participant. Researchers will study the brain through interviews, tests of thinking and memory (neuropsychological tests), brain imaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetoencephalography (MEG). The study will also collect blood or saliva to obtain a DNA sample.

The aims of the BIBS Study The Brain Imaging in Babies study (BIBS) aims to improve understanding of how a baby's brain develops from before birth, up until 3-4 years of age. Working with children from a variety of backgrounds and communities, the investigators use a combination of state-of-the-art diagnostic tools such as MRI scans alongside traditional behavioural assessments to capture the earliest information on infant brain development. The focus of the BIBS study MRI scanning is a safe way of producing detailed images using strong magnetic fields and radio waves. It does not use X-ray. Along with learning more about brain development in general, the investigators also try to identify features that may in future help predict whether a child will or will not develop traits of conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Long-term, this may help target useful interventions early on, helping children who are most in need. Since COVID-19 arrived in the United Kingdom (U.K.) in 2020, the investigators have been given ethical approval to include testing for this infection in the mothers and children participating in the study. This may provide an opportunity to better understand how mother and baby respond to infections. The investigators particularly welcome mothers who have had a positive COVID-19 test during their pregnancy to join the study.

This protocol serves as a data collection tool for individuals with variants (missense, nonsense, frameshifts) in the IRF2BPL gene (MIM 611720), which causes Neurodevelopmental Regression, Seizures, Autism and Developmental Delay (NEDAMSS, MIM 618088) and may be involved in other neurodevelopmental presentations. This information will be analyzed to develop a better understanding of the findings and progression of symptoms in individuals with variants in the IRF2BPL gene.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by impaired social engagement and social communication, and repetitive, restricted, or stereotyped behaviors and interests. The average age of diagnosis in the US is after the fourth birthday. However, children who start ASD-specific early intervention have better outcomes than children start later. The current study will address a gap identified by the US Prevention Services Task Force, namely that children detected through screening respond positively to early intervention. This study will directly relate early detection strategies to early intervention, and measure the impact of age of intervention onset on outcomes when children are entering kindergarten. Local pediatric providers will be randomized to provide either usual care, or to an experimental condition in which autism early detection strategies are enhanced through the addition of specific procedures. Across all sites, 8,000 children will be recruited through their participating pediatric practice. Qualifying children will receive up to one year of early intensive behavioral intervention, after getting an ASD diagnosis. Primary outcome measures will include children's cognitive functioning and ASD symptom severity, which will be measured at multiple time points. The investigators predict that this study will inform early detection strategies which will result in improving children's social and cognitive functioning, mitigating lifespan disability, reducing societal costs, and improving personal well-being and productivity of individuals with ASD.

This project is structured around a central study called "Study of genetic factors involved in autism and related conditions ("Genes and Autism" study, sponsor: INSERM). This study explores clinical and genetic aspects of ASD (autism spectrum disorders) and is complemented with several ancillary studies (such as this one) which will use the data of the main study and will allow an extensive review of phenotypes associated with ASD. In this ancillary study, we will go on the acquisition of anatomical, diffusion and functional MRI in subjects with ASD, relatives and controls. Our group has already performed several neuroanatomical studies of ASD. IWe recruited since 2010 more than 600 subjects (proponents, relatives and controls) to better understand the implication of brain abnormalities in ASD. This study involves specialized teams in neuroiamging based at INSERM, NeuroSpin (CEA), Robert Debré Hospital (APHP) and Pasteur Institute Our main objective is to identify structural, connectivity and functional peculiarities in subjects with ASD Secondary objectives include: the identification of familial heritability patterns of ASD correlate data obtained in brain imaging with genetic data assess specificity and statistical reproducibility of the obtained results

This project deals with essential challenges in the context of Autism Spectrum Disorder, benefiting from a longitudinal design in infancy and a cutting-edge electroencephalogram/eye-tracking integrated approach. The investigators will focus on multisensory audiovisual integration to identify early markers of autism in infants at-risk for autism. The investigators will characterize early derailments from the typical developmental trajectories to identify critical "time windows" and better describe the heterogeneity of autism.

This study aims to accurately characterise the gut microbiota composition of faeces of children with ASD and compare it with the gut microbiota composition of their neurotypical siblings. In addition it aims to also characterise the metagenome and metabolome of the faeces of both ASD and neurotypical siblings.

This project plans to establish sensory phenotypes of a Taiwanese ASD cohort across lifespan, including variety of sensory modalities, sensory domains, and clinical correlates. Also, we will clarify the relationship between sensory phenotypes and social impairment by two specific sensory-social paradigms targeting eye gaze avoidance and social touch anxiety, as well as the atypical neural representation of ASD during eye gaze and viewing social touch by fMRI and EEG.