Active clinical trials for "Azoospermia"

Males with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) have an opportunity to obtain sperm by treatment with microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE), gold-standard surgical technique for them. The overall sperm retrieval rate (SRR) of mTESE in NOA patients is about 50%, but the predictive factors of SRR remain were understudied, especially the effect of age. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors influencing the SRR of mTESE in NOA patients with different etiologies. Methods: This observational study recruit NOA patients treated with their first mTESE. The stratified research was used to investigate SRR by dividing patients into seven groups based on etiology. The primary outcome was SRR. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing SRR.

Azoospermia is defined as the complete absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate. Two-thirds of azoospermic patients have non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA); the latter comprises up to 10% of infertile men overall. NOA is an untreatable testicular disorder associated with spermatogenic failure and is the most severe male infertility phenotype. Among the available surgical sperm retrieval techniques, microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) is the procedure of choice due to its high sperm retrieval success rates (SRR), minimal tissue extraction, and low complication rates. Even with the use of micro-TESE, the likelihood of retrieving sperm in patients with NOA remain suboptimal (40% to 60%). Hypogonadism is detected in approximately half of the patients with NOA. Given the role of intratesticular testosterone (ITT) levels for spermatogenesis, some studies have explored the clinical utility of testosterone optimization by medical therapy before sperm retrieval. Moreover, some investigators have hypothesized that the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) reset might increase the expression of FSH receptors and improve Sertoli cell function. Hormonal therapy with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been shown to improve ITT production and decrease FSH levels in patients with NOA. The investigators, therefore, designed an observational cohort study aiming to evaluate whether hormone stimulation with gonadotropins (e.g., hCG alone or combined with FSH) previous to micro-TESE increases sperm retrieval rates in hypogonadal infertile men with NOA, candidates for sperm retrieval. The investigators hypothesize that optimizing ITT production and resetting FSH levels may improve spermatogenesis and successful sperm recovery.

Estradiol and Testosterone are two important hormones for the regulation of an effective spermatogenesis in human testis. The evaluation of levels of estradiol and testosterone in seminal plasma of men with non-obstructive azoospermia may be a predictive test before surgical testicular biopsy to determine the chance of a positive sperm extraction to use for ICSI.

The proposed study is designed to test the following hypotheses: Mouse autosomal or X-linked genes which are exclusively expressed in mouse spermatogonia are also spermatogonia-specific in human. Severe spermatogenic defect, especially hypospermatogenesis or SCOS, is caused by an intrinsic defect in germ line stem cell or speramtogenia. Spermatogonia-specific genes are caudate genes for human spermatogenic defect, especially for hypospermatogenesis or SCOS. For a significant fraction of cases with severe spermatogenic defect, the sterile genes are transmitted via multifactorial inheritance mode. For some cases with severe spermatogenic defect, mutations of spermatogonia- specific genes may be transmitted in the X-linked recessive, autosomal recessive, or autosomal dominant mode.

Varicose veins in the scrotum (varicocele) are responsible for >20% of male infertility in the US. Varicocele are associated with decreased sperm number and markedly reduced sperm fertilizing ability. Surgical repair or removal of varicocele restores fertility in only 1/3 of cases. The goal of this study is to identify markers that predict the outcome of variocele correction. This would offer considerable health cost savings. Based on preliminary findings, we will obtain testis biopsies and semen specimens from infertile men with varicocele and prospectively examining the levels of cadmium, a toxic metal, and expression of genes required for normal sperm function. The semen and biopsies will be obtained during clinically dictated procedures. Cadmium and gene expression will be compared with response to varicocele repair (i.e., increased sperm production; pregnancy).

Compare FDG PET-CT parameters between azoospermia patients having an extraction of sperm cells by positive testicular extraction and those with a negative extraction.

The investigators hypothesize that sperm production varies with time in men with no sperm in semen (non-obstructive azoospermia, NOA) and that the semen protein, TEX101, is able to monitor these changes. The investigators further hypothesize that TEX101 levels may be used to predict the optimum time for microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) to provide the highest successful rates of sperm retrieval.

The objective of this study is to determine if the lack of exposure to sperm antigens is associated with worse maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies obtained after ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection)-TESE (testicular sperm extraction) for obstructive azoospermia. The primary outcomes that will be investigated include: Maternal outcomes: live birth rate (LBR), abortion rate, and the rate of the main obstetrics complication, such as pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Neonatal outcomes: gestational age, prematurity rate, birth weight, sex ratio, 1- and 5-min APGAR, birth defects.

A comparison of reproductive and obstetrical outcomes is retrospectively performed among couples that underwent ICSI-TESE cycles for obstructive and non obstructive azoospermia between January 2001 and December 2019.

Azoospermia is a word meaning to ejaculates with no spermatozoa without a definite underlying cause .1% of men has azoospermia, representing nearly 10 to 15% of all infertile men. The azoospermia is a major concern in our community. There is no actual epidemiological studies to estimate the actual numbers in Egypt. Azoospermia has several classifications, pre-testicular, testicular & post-testicular cause .The semen analysis is the main investigation done for these patient .The treatment methods range from hormonal therapy to surgery or ICSI . The imaging modalities has developed greatly in the last 3 decades. That it became in several setting as a bedside test or investigation. The main modalities used in azoospermia are scrotal ultrasound, TRUS and MRI. The first TRUS was introduced 1957.