Active clinical trials for "Bacterial Infections"

Fever is one of the most common problems in pediatrics. Differentiating between bacterial infections, that require antibiotic therapy, and viral infections that resolve on their own is an important challenge for physicians. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein that increases in response to inflammation and its level is generally higher in bacterial infections compared to viral infections. it can be measured by a simple blood test, however its utility as a sole marker for bacterial infection is limited. The hypothesis of the study is that measuring CRP velocity, e.g the value of CRP divided by the hours since the fever started will improve the utility of CRP for the diagnosis of bacterial infections in children.

Neurosurgery (NS) is essential for the treatment of various diseases such as malignant tumors, vascular conditions, spinal stenosis or trauma. However, NS can be complicated by the onset of infections, directly related to surgery or to hospitalization. Little is known regarding the epidemiology, the optimal treatment regimens and the outcome of infections following NS (I-NS). The study aims at investigating the clinical and microbiological characteristics as well as the outcomes of I-NS occurring at a single Institution (IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy) during the period 2016-2018. Patients with at least 1 infective episode requiring antimicrobial therapy are included in this retrospective observational study.

This study evaluates the impact of rank of Beta lactam antibiotics on emergence of mutlidrug resistant bacteria colonization in intensive care It's retrospective case controle study. Cases are colonized patient by multidrug resistant bacteria hospitalized in intensive care during the fist hospitalization in intensive care. Temoin are patients with the same characteristics than case but no colonized by multidrug resistant bacteria.

To externally validate the diagnostic accuracy and assess the clinical utility of a host-response based diagnostic tool called ImmunoXpert™, for differentiating between bacterial and viral etiologies in pediatric patients >3 months old with suspicion of Respiratory tract infection (RTI) or Fever without Source (FWS)

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of a newly developed point-of-care analyzer, theCytoTracker, to measure complete blood count (CBC) parameters and discriminate between viral and bacterial infections.

To evaluate the changes in the microcirculation of the liver, kidney and spleen during acute infection in patients with malaria (cohorts 1 and 3) and other infectious diseases such as acute pyelonephritis at day 0 (within 8 hours of the treatment start), day 2 to 4 and day 28-32, using functional US with continuous infusion of a contrast agent (SonoVue, Bracco, Italy). Study hypothesis: malaria patients should exhibit a different pattern of enhancement, particularly when quantitative measurements of the SU signals is performed with destruction reperfusion kinetics.

Intracranial infection is one of the common clinical complications after neurosurgery, especially after external cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Postoperative intracranial infection has a very high incidence, and its incidence is about 0.34%-3.1%. Once infection occurs, it will directly affect the length of hospitalization, mortality and disability of postoperative patients. The pathogenic bacteria of postoperative intracranial infections include G-bacteria and G+ bacteria, and fungi. Common G+ bacteria are Staphylococcus aureus. Common G-bacteria are Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteria, Escherichia coli and so on. In recent years, studies have reported that postoperative intracranial infections of G-bacteria are gradually increasing. In the previous study of our research group, it was found that Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for the top two pathogens of postoperative intracranial infections in ICU. In particular, the proportion of carbapenem-resistant G-bacteria has increased, which brings difficulty and challenge to the treatment and seriously affects the prognosis of patients. Different pathogen infections may lead to different prognosis of patients with intracranial infection after neurosurgery. With different pathogens as the starting point, there are few studies comparing the clinical features, risk factors, and prognosis of intracranial infections after neurosurgery. Therefore, it is great significant to explore and understand different pathogenic bacteria, risk factors, drug resistance, treatment options, and prognosis after neurosurgery.

This study aims to investigate the use of alpha-defensin as a diagnostic means to distinguish between acute bacterial and viral infections.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a serious disease . Exacerbations of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an acute worsening condition of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which always accompanied by clinical symptoms such as, shortness of breath and increased production of sputum. Respiratory infection (bacteria or viruses or mixed) is thought to be the main cause in most exacerbations.