Active clinical trials for "Bacterial Infections"

A phase I, first-time-in-human (FTIH), randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, dose-escalation study is conducted to determine the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of GSK3342830 after administration of single intravenous (IV) infusion in Part 1 and repeat IV infusion in Part 2 in healthy subjects. Part 1 will investigate escalating single IV doses of GSK3342830. Part 2, will investigate escalating repeat IV doses of GSK3342830 with repeat dosing for 15 days as follows: a single IV infusion on Day 1, TID (three times a day) IV infusions on Days 2 through 14 (approximately every 8 hours), and a single IV infusion on Day 15. The planned starting GSK3342830 dose in Part 1 is 250 milligram (mg) administered as a single IV infusion. The dose is planned to increase in subsequent cohorts to 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and less than or equal to (≤) 6000 mg. Part 1 will be divided into 6 cohorts (A-F) and each cohort will enroll 10 subjects (6 in active and 2 in placebo). Dose escalation will be conducted only if it is supported by the preliminary safety, tolerability, and PK results from the preceding dose levels in the study. The repeat dose escalation component (Part 2) of this study will be planned to be initiated after completion and evaluation of the all single dose cohorts up to and including 4000 mg.

Progressive destruction of the lungs is the main cause of shortened life expectancy in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Inflammation and respiratory infections play a key role in CF lung disease. Previous studies have shown that an increase in inflammatory markers predicts structural lung damage. Close monitoring of pwCF is crucial to adequately provide optimal care. Pulmonary management for pwCF involves treating infections and exacerbations and promoting exercise and mucociliary clearance to slow or prevent structural lung damage. To evaluate the treatment and incite timely interventions it is important for the pulmonary physician to be well-informed about the condition of the lungs. The main monitoring tools in regular CF care are lung function, sputum cultures, symptom reporting and more recently imaging by chest computed tomography (CT-scan) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Strangely enough, there are currently no monitoring tools used in clinics to measure inflammation in the lung, although this is a main factor for progressive lung disease. New highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) such as elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor [ETI, Kaftrio®] is transforming CF treatment, vastly improving lung function and reducing exacerbations. Initial CFTR modulators like ivacaftor and lumacaftor/ivacaftor also improved lung function and reduced exacerbations, but studies showed that lung inflammation was still present. The long-term impact of ETI and its effect on inflammation is not yet known. Thus, monitoring pwCF on HEMT may be different from before, as lung damage seen on chest CT will be less apparent and lung function will improve considerably, therefore not being adequate markers for subtle changes in the lungs. Thus, the focus of monitoring in the era of highly effective CFTR modulators needs to change preferably focusing on measuring lung inflammation. An ideal monitoring tool for lung inflammation in pwCF should be non-invasive, efficient, and provide accurate and sensitive results. Currently, sputum and BAL are the most common methods for assessing inflammation, but BAL is invasive and sputum may not always be available. Exhaled breath analysis by the electronic nose (eNose) or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) shows promise as a non-invasive monitoring tool. Other promising markers and techniques are inflammatory markers in the blood (cytokines and micro-RNA (miRNA)) and urine. Thus, the objective of this project is to design novel, minimally invasive monitoring techniques capable of identifying lung inflammation in pwCF undergoing highly effective CFTR modulator therapy (ETI) compared to those not using CFTR modulators. The efficacy of these innovative techniques will be evaluated and verified against inflammatory markers in sputum, spirometry, and validated symptom and quality of life scores.

The purpose of this study is to compare one intraoperative sub-Tenon's capsule injection of triamcinolone and ciprofloxacin in a biodegradable controlled-release system with conventional prednisolone and ciprofloxacin eye drops to treat ocular inflammation and for infection prophylaxis after cataract surgery.

Antimicrobial resistance is a global health emergency estimated to be responsible for 700,000 deaths per year worldwide, and it is well known that previous antibiotic exposure is the single most contributing factor. For example, the use of non-antipseudomonal agents can increase risk for any P. aeruginosa strain; however, the use of an agent with antipseudomonal activity would select for resistance to that particular antimicrobial agent or class. Demonstrated that each additional day of exposure to any antipseudomonal beta-lactam is associated with an increased risk of new resistance development. The study seeks to determine whether the choice of empiric therapy (i.e., the same agent versus a different agent from prior antibiotic exposure) has any effect on the likelihood of in vitro activity against GN pathogens (GNPs) in a subsequent infection.

The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of ceftobiprole versus a comparator in patients with fever and neutropenia

This study will enroll 460 subjects who have new pulmonary infiltrates during their ICU stay and who are at low risk of having pneumonia, as determined using the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS). The study is designed to determine whether 3 days of antibiotic treatment with meropenem (with or without coverage for MRSA) for ICU subjects diagnosed with new pulmonary infiltrates can reduce the emergence of anti-microbial-resistant organisms and the isolation of a potential pathogen compared to a standard course of antibiotic therapy (minimum of 8 days of therapy with antibiotics of the primary care team's choosing). Subjects will be randomly placed in either the meropenem group or standard antibiotic therapy group. The study will also examine whether short-course therapy reduces hospital length of stay and hospital cost, without having a negative effect on subject morbidity and mortality.

This is a phase I/II trial designed to evaluate bacteriophage therapy in patients with urinary tract infections.

The Investigators aim to study the outcomes of serious infections due to vancomycin susceptible infections in gram-positive organisms susceptible to vancomycin in people who use drugs (PWUD). The Investigators hypothesize, that a simplified 2-dose dalbavancin regimen, will improve compliance with antimicrobial therapy and that it may facilitate engagement in the treatment of the underlying substance use disorder, and particularly injection drug use - often the true etiology behind these severe infections.

The current markers of inflammation that govern antibiotic treatment have their significant limitations, especially in patients with burns. According to previously published data, the newly proposed marker of infectious inflammation, the Intensive Care Infection Score (ICIS), appears to be a suitable diagnostic tool in distinguishing between inflammation of infectious and non-infectious origin in these patients. The other advantage is its low price. This study aims to compare ICIS with other used indicators of inflammation in patients with burns both children and adults.

The aim of this study is to evaluate whether albumin administration improves short-term survival in patients with advanced cirrhosis and bacterial infections other than Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP).