Active clinical trials for "Barotrauma"

Patients who are intubated (breathing tube in windpipe) are often transported by air ambulance. Changes in atmospheric pressure during flight may cause pressure increases in the air-filled cuff holding the tube in the windpipe. Studies show that more than half the patients had potentially harmful pressures in the cuff during flight. High pressures lead to complications, such as injury to the windpipe. To avoid injury, cuff pressures must be kept at a safe level. There are many ways to avoid unsafe cuff pressures. One is to inflate the cuff with sterile fluid instead of air. Fluids are not subject to changes in atmospheric pressure. Using fluid, instead of air, in the cuff causes less pressure increases and less windpipe injury. The use and safety profile of this during transport by air ambulance has not been studied. This study compares tracheal tube cuff pressures, filled with air or fluid, at routine flying altitudes during patient transports by air ambulance.

This study will determine if newly developed and more standard tests of Eustachian tube function can identify those persons who have ear pain (barotrauma) or develop middle-ear inflammation and/or fluid (barotitis) when they are exposed to rapid changes in air pressure as, for example, during airplane flights or scuba diving. Up to 150 adults and children (10-50 years old) who fly or dive at least 1-2 times and experience ear pain or develop middle-ear fluid during those activities and approximately 60 adults and children who fly or dive but do not experience these problems will undergo Eustachian tube function testing during simulated flight and diving.

Middle ear barotrauma (MEB) is the most common complication during hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Though Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers have been proposed to prevent MEB, still some patients discontinue HBOT due to severe otalgia, hemorrhage or perforation of tympanic membrane associated with HBOT. Currently, there is no optimal prophylactic management for MEB associated with HBOT. The aim of this protocol is to investigate the efficacy of self-acupressure therapy on MEB associated with HBOT.

A retrospective study is planned to find out the incidence and association type of respiratory support with barotrauma in Covid-19 cases admitted in Sultan Qaboos University Hospital. As widely known, Covid-19 affects the respiratory system primarily and is the main cause of admission to hospital. Depending upon the severity, different levels of respiratory support are offered to the patients. Normally patients with viral/bacterial respiratory diseases have a low incidence of barotrauma. Since this disease is new and it has been observed that a significant number of covid-19 patients develop barotrauma, hence it is deemed worthwhile to investigate the matter. All the patients admitted to the ward, high dependency unit, and intensive care unit will be scanned and those who developed barotrauma (pneumothorax, surgical emphysema, pneumo-pericardium, and pneumo-mediastinum) will be studied in detail and analyzed. This review is expected to highlight the problem and etiology and we might be able to suggest a management strategy to deal with this problem.

During the pandemic of COVID-19, studies reporting a high incidence of barotrauma, both pneumothorax but also pneumomediastinum, in patients with critical COVID-19. If this is complications of the respiratory support used to treat patients hypoxemia or if it is a direct consequence of COVID-19 damaging the lung tissue is not known. The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence and type barotrauma, if there is an association between barotrauma and level of respiratory support used in the intensive care unit, and if barotrauma is associated with worse outcome compared to patients without barotrauma.

Barotrauma in mechanical ventilation (MV) is defined as lung damage attributable to the application of high airway pressure and is one of the potential mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Previous studies have shown an increased mortality in patients with barotrauma under MV; pneumothorax (PTX) being the most common presentation, but it can also present as pneumomediastinum (PM) with or without PTX, with extension to soft tissue as subcutaneous emphysema or even as pneumo-retroperitoneum and pneumo-scrotum. Traditionally, underlying lung disease or age are known risk factors for non-trauma related barotrauma. However, in patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the incidence of this complication is more common than in non-infected patients, as recently reported. Since little is known regarding which are the main risk factors for these events to develop, most pathophysiological mechanisms remain unexplained. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for developing barotrauma in patients under MV with COVID-19 associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Secondary objectives were to determine the incidence of barotrauma and its association with mortality.

Pneumonia is a recurrent element of COVID-19 infection, it is often associated with development of respiratory failure and patients frequently need various degrees of oxygen therapy up to non invasive ventilation (NIV-CPAP) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Main purpose of this study is to evaluate with non invasive clinical instruments (pletysmography, Diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide -DLCO-, six minute walking test and dyspnea scores) and radiological tools (chest X-ray and chest CT scan) the development of medium-to-long term pulmonary sequelae caused by SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

Audiological evaluation performed to patients on hyperbaric oxygen therapy to see its effects on middle ear pressure