Active clinical trials for "Mental Disorders"

It has been shown in the literature that the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder influence the quality of life of patients, in particular through the cognitive alterations they can cause. Social cognition is also itself impacted. It refers to the perception, interpretation and processing of information relating to the social environment and relationships. It is affected by the symptomatology of PTSD both in terms of the response to emotional stimuli, the perception of self and others, and the quality of intimate relationships. These elements lead to reflection on the origin of these alterations, in particular the impact of PTSD on the patient's empathy capacity, defined as the recognition and understanding of the feelings and emotions of another individual. This parameter is also little studied in the literature, only a study dating from 2010 finds a correlation between PTSD and empathy. It is in this context that the realization of a new study studying the capacity for empathy of patients with PTSD in comparison with a control group with a larger and more representative population was envisaged. The primary outcome of this study is to analyze the post-traumatic stress disorder's repercussions on empathy by passing the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) on patients in comparison with a control group. The first hypothesis is a lower total score but a higher personal distress sub-score in the PTSD population. The secondary outcomes are to describe the cofactors that can influence empathy in association or not with post-traumatic stress disorder: sociodemographic data (age, sex, education level…), traumatic event type determined through the "Inventory of Traumatogenic Events", human intervention, duration and severity of the disorder (evaluated by the Impact of Events Scale) … The number of subjects required was calculated at 19 patients and 19 controls.

About 60% of Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients have REM sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD), a parasomnia characterized by partial or complete loss of REM sleep muscle atonia and dream-enacting behaviors, usually associated to vivid dreams. The REM Sleep without atonia is the polysomnographic hallmark of RBD, and its quantification is necessary for the diagnosis. RBD in PD is believed to be a marker of a more widespread degenerative process and a marker of malignant phenotype. Therefore, PD patients with RBD (PD-RBD) are more severely impaired in both motor and non-motor domains, compared to those without RBD, with an increased risk of dementia. However, little is know about the relationship between the evolution of RBD, clinic and video-polysomnographic, and the progression of PD. Besides, an improvement of RBD symptoms is anecdotally reported in PD patients over time. Longitudinal evaluation of RBD in PD, assessed by questionnaires, led to controversial results, but so far, no longitudinal vPSG study has been performed in PD-RBD population. Thus, the main objective of this study is to longitudinally evaluate clinical and video-polysomnographic features of RBD, including measure of REM Sleep without atonia, in patients with PD-RBD, after three years from the diagnosis of RBD, in order to ascertain whether RBD features remain stable over time. The possible remission of RBD with the progression of PD would question indeed its reliability as prognostic bio-marker.

The study quantitates behavioral challenges in mucopolysaccharidosis type I-III and parental coping strategies

Speech is an important indicator of motor function and movement coordination and can be extremely sensitive to involvement in the course of neurologic diseases. The aim of this project is to discover for the first time using simple speech recording and high end pattern analysis preclinical stages of disabling central nervous system disorders including Parkinson's disease and other alpha-synucleinopathies in "at high risk" patients with REM sleep behavior disorder and thus provide one essential prerequisite for trials on REM sleep behavior disorder with preventive therapy.

The objective of this study is to explore the longitudinal course of self-disturbances (SD) in schizophrenia. The main aim of the study is to investigate, in a 6-7-year follow-up of a representative sample of patients with first-episode schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and other psychoses. The overall aim is to expand our knowledge about the role of SDs in psychotic disorders. Increased knowledge here will aid diagnosis and treatment. The current study is a seven year follow-up of this representative cohort, with baseline measures of SDs and a comprehensive clinical and neurocognitive assessment battery.

Previous research has suggested central nervous system inflammatory activity to be critically involved in disease development and progression in schizophrenia, with a complex interplay of inflammatory mechanisms leading to the development of brain abnormalities and medical symptoms related to schizophrenia. However, the mutual interactions of different inflammatory pathways and their relation to disease course have not been sufficiently studied. This study therefore aims to explore the interaction of neuroinflammatory mechanisms in patients with schizophrenia and to assess whether the inflammatory activity in schizophrenia is state-dependent and occurs mainly during psychotic episodes.

Studies have shown that prolonged deep sedation is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The revised guidelines for management of pain, agitation and delirium by the Society of Critical Care Medicine in 2013 also recommended that adult ICU patients should be maintained at a light level of sedation. The key point in light sedation strategy is the assessment of depth of sedation. At present, sedation is monitored mainly by the subjective clinical score systems, such as the Ramsay Scale, the Riker's Sedation-Agitation Scale (SAS) and the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS). However, the subjective and intermittent nature of these scales instruments has limited their application in light sedation algorithm. Consequently, objective and continuous measurement of the level of sedation would be more desirable in clinical practice. In recent years, objective measures of brain function have been of great interests in the evaluation of sedation level, and bispectral index (BIS) has been the most investigated instrument. Several studies compared BIS with subjective sedation scales in adult ICU patients, and yielded conflicting results. The different approaches to select BIS value may be the most important reason for these inconsistent agreements between BIS and subjective sedation scales. A formal scheme of subjective assessment of the depth of sedation and level of consciousness should incorporate exerting verbal and physical stimuli and observation of the patient's subsequent responses. Our primary aim is to clarify the diagnostic accuracy of BIS in detecting early deep sedation against the reference standard of subjective scale instrument. We hypothesize that BIS monitoring will provide accurate, subjective and continuous evaluation of deepen sedation.

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the prevalence of the following psychiatric pathologies (based on the MINI5.0.0 questionnaire) among 3 groups of women (Leiden versus aP1Ab-positive versus thrombophilia-negative) with similar obstetrical histories 10 years after their initial assessment/diagnosis. Mood disorders, including depressive episodes during the previous two weeks, recurrent depressive disorders at any point in life, dysthymia in the last two years, or any current or past manic episode; Anxiety disorders, including current agoraphobia, current panic disorders, agoraphobia with panic disorders, current social phobia, generalized anxiety in the last 6 months, or current posttraumatic stress syndrome; Apparent psychotic syndromes, including isolated or recurrent psychotic syndromes, past or present (clinically validated), Current alcohol or drug problems (dependence or abuse).

This proposal is focused on developing a reliable, valid, and reproducible imaging techniques and statistical methodology for segregation of various forms of Parkinsonism from healthy adults without Parkinsonism.

The purpose of this study is to investigate different aspects of Quality of Life and mental health in patients under treatment in a child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic and in the normal population.