Active clinical trials for "Mental Disorders"

Introduction: Studies focusing on back pain do not compare different types of back pain diagnosis in relation to a specific psychiatric comorbidity, nor if the presence of psychiatric comorbidity affects treatment. There are limited knowledge on pharmacological treatment of back pain disorders,and especially if the presence of psychiatric comorbidity is an ad-on to the dosage of medication prescribed. Investigating the use of opioids and other pain medication in back patients and the potential effect of concomitant psychiatric comorbidity as well as taking psychiatric medication under consideration is therefore relevant. Aim: This aim of this PhD thesis is: 1) to estimate the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with back pain disorders (BPD) compared to patients with no back pain. 2) Investigate if psychiatric comorbidity affects the type of treatment given. 3) Examine if the presence of psychiatric comorbidity affects the levels of pharmacological treatment given with a focus on both pain medication, such as opioids, as well as treatment with psychotropic medication. Methods:The association between back pain disorders and psychiatric comorbidity will be investigated using population-based registry data. The population will be defined as adult patients (+18) with a relevant back pain disorder using The National Danish Patient Registry. The following registries will be also utilized: A subdivision of the DNPR, the National Patient Registry - Psychiatry (NPD-Psych), The Danish National Prescription Database, The Danish National Health Service Register and the DREAM database. By using the Danish Civil Registry and the unique personal identification number assigned to all Danish citizens at birth, data across registries can be linked on an individual level. Ethics:The Region of Southern Denmark is the data controller for this project, and it is included in their records of personal data processing activities (file no. (18/3337).). Additional approvals or consents were not needed for this project based exclusively on national registries according to Danish law. The data processing was conducted according to EU and Danish legislation on processing of sensitive personal information and, as complies with internal regulations from the Region of Southern Denmark.

Paediatric behavioural, developmental, and mental health issues are more common than childhood cancers, cardiac problems, and renal problems combined. Behavioural problems have often been conceptualized along two broad spectrums: internalizing problems which are expressed in intrapersonal manifestation, such as anxiety, depression, and withdrawal; and externalizing problems which are demonstrated in interpersonal manifestation, such as hyperactivity and aggression The lack of attention to the mental health of children and adolescents may lead to mental disorders with lifelong consequences, undermines compliance with health regimens, and reduces the capacity of societies to be safe and productive. As, children and adolescent mental health problems often have serious long term debilitating effects . Early identification and treatment of these problems are in the best interest of children, adolescents, their families, and society as a whole . All three essential ways in which epidemiology can contribute to our understanding of children and adolescent mental health: community burden, measurement, and triage were of utmost importance. planning and conducting the survey. In this study the researchers will present the first large-scale survey of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders at Assiut government For adequate planning of services, including evidence-based mental health prevention and intervention, a population-representative survey of children and adolescent estimating mental disorders was urgently needed

Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder in which you act out dreams during REM sleep. Sleep disturbances are very common in RBD, where they negatively impact patients' quality of life and safety. One of the known causes of sleep disturbance is the impairment of the "circadian rhythm", or the human sleep/wake cycle. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of disruption of the circadian rhythm in the development of RBD.

This study evaluates the cultural and linguistic sensitivity and psychometric properties of a set of four adapted measurement instruments essential to determining the efficacy of group-psychoeducation for patients with bipolar disorder in Rwanda, and one screening tool for bipolar disorder. The four well-known instruments are; The Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), The Medical Adherence Scale (MARS), The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale-9 (ISMI-9), and the Mood disorder Questionnaire (MDQ). Each instrument will be culturally adapted and validated using a forward-backward translation, consensus conference, and cognitive interviews.

The goal of our research is to check the levels of D-Serine, Glycine, and other Glutamatergic amino acids, in patients with First Psychotic Episode (FPE). These patients are in the early stage of the disease, treated with neuroleptics for short periods of time, and are usually hospitalized for the first time. The hypothesis of the research is that we will find low levels of Glycine and D-Serine in these patients. Following an Anti-psychotic treatment we will expect these levels to return to the norm, and that this correction will be accompanied by a reduction of positive and negative symptoms. In addition, we will check the D-Serine and Glycine levels in the plasma of first degree relatives of the patients and a group of healthy subjects. The results of this study might support the hypothesis that the Glutamatergic system in involved in the pathology of Schizophrenia from it's early stages. In addition, we will check the levels of Oxytocin and Estrogen in the plasma of patients in FPE. Our hypothesis is that we will find low levels of Estrogen and High levels of Oxytocin in this group of patients. The results of the study might support the hypothesis that Estrogen and Oxytocin are involved in the pathology of Schizophrenia from it's early stages.

The National Register of Antipsychotic Medication in Pregnancy (NRAMP)is an observational, nationwide study involving women of child-bearing age who take antipsychotic medication during pregnancy. It follows the pathway of mother and baby during pregnancy and for the first 12 months of the baby's life, in order to develop evidence-based guidelines for the best use and effect of antipsychotic medication during pregnancy, thereby informing clinical treating teams with regard to the management of their patients in this vulnerable population group. The investigators hypothesize that the provision of such evidence-based guidelines will improve the management and outcomes for mother and baby during pregnancy, birth and the postnatal phase, providing a positive impact on maternal and child health and wellbeing for present and future generations.

There is currently no clear involvement of families/caregivers in the care for postpartum mothers that develop postpartum psychosis. The lack of knowledge on causes of postpartum psychosis may influence the nature of perceived social support that mothers receive from caregivers. It is hoped that the provision of a culturally adapted version of family psychoeducation will bridge the knowledge gap and provide the much needed information. We therefore hypothesized that the involvement of a family member of a postpartum mother with a psychotic illness in a weekly session of family psychoeducation.

Risperidone is a selective monoamine receptor antagonist. It plays an antipsychotic effect by antagonizing 5-HT2 / D2 receptor. As a second-generation antipsychotic drug, risperidone is metabolized to 9-hydroxy Risperidone in the body very quickly. There are individual differences in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of risperidone. For example, CYP2D6 genotype can greatly affect the metabolism of risperidone, and provide evidence for adjusting the type and dose of medication to treat Schizophrenia. In this study, we will verify the correlation between the polymorphisms of genes related with risperidone drug metabolites, drug transporters, drug targets and drug metabolism, pharmacodynamics, adverse reactions in Chinese population, providing basis for clinical rational use of risperidone.

Studies have shown that the risk of developing heart arrhythmias, is increased in patients receiving medication for Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depression. The QT-interval on a electrocardiogram (ECG) is often used to assess the patients risk of developing heart arrhythmias. The QT-interval defines the hearts electrical resting period and a long interval is linked to an increased risk of developing heart arrhythmias. In this project the investigators wish to examine possible side-effects in patients receiving medication for ADHD and depression and their dynamic QT-interval changes, by analysing the ECG changes that occur during "Brisk Standing".

Telemedicine can expand access to behavioral health services for people who have difficulty traveling to clinics. Travel can be especially challenging for older adults with mobility issues or access to reliable transportation. Assessment in the home can uncover factors impacting patient's physical and behavioral health. The goals of this project to document benefits and barriers to expanding reimbursement for telemedicine to older patient's home as the originating site.