Active clinical trials for "Congenital Abnormalities"

Pregnancies complicated by obesity have an increased risk of multiple pregnancy complications, including structural fetal anomalies. Therefore, maternal obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) is an indication for a detailed anatomic ultrasound examination. Ultrasound is a critical tool for the detection of congenital anomalies; however, obesity makes ultrasound examinations technically challenging. The primary objective of this ambidirectional cohort pilot study is to evaluate whether utilization of a pannus retractor is associated with increased rates of detailed anatomic ultrasound completion amongst pregnant patients with a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 40 kg/m2. Retrospective data will be collected for 100 patients with a BMI of 40 kg/m2 or greater to assess the baseline rate of completion of 16 components of the detailed anatomic survey prior to the intervention. We plan to enroll 20 patients into a prospective pilot to the intervention arm. The intervention is placement of an adhesive medical device, the traxi® Panniculus Retractor (Laborie, Portsmouth, New Hampshire), which was developed for pannus retraction during cesarean section. Adequacy of anatomic ultrasound completion will be based upon 16 pre-defined views from the anatomic survey. Ultrasound completion rates from the prospective cohort of participants that undergo ultrasound evaluation using a pannus retractor will be compared to a historical cohort without pannus retractor use. We hypothesize that use of a pannus retractor for pregnant participants with BMI greater than or equal to 40 kg/m2 increases the rate of anatomical ultrasound completion.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the validity of Scolioscan for quantitative assessment of curve severity in scoliosis using x-ray radiographs as the gold standard.

The purpose of the study is to validate the diagnostic performance of the amplified pretracheal stethoscope (APS) to detect sedation-related adverse acute respiratory events in propofol sedated nonintubated children. To determine the sensitivity/specificity and positive/negative predictive value of the APS in detecting sedation-related adverse acute respiratory events in propofol sedated nonintubated children.

The present project aims at evaluating the diagnostic potential of high-field MRI (3 Teslas) for joint disease. At this field, given that isotropic image resolution of 400 microns can be obtained, one could expect an early detection of joint abnormalities. The additional aim of this project will be to develop a quantitative analyse of the corresponding high-resolution images.

The purpose of this study is to compare 3D mammography with digital mammography in women with dense breasts for the detection and evaluation of masses and/or breast cancer.

It is debatable whether routine ultrasound scanning of pregnancies at about 20 weeks of pregnancy has substantive benefits for mothers and babies. Few studies have addressed this issue in poorly resourced settings. This trial will attempt to determine the benefits, if any, of a policy of routine ultrasound scanning of normal pregnancies versus a policy of no routine (only selective) scanning. This will be done by recruiting about 900 women in South Africa, and randomly allocating about half to routine scanning and half to selective scanning groups, and following up their pregnancies.

The purpose of this study is to assess the neurological development at three years of age of children born after prenatal diagnosis of "isolated" agenesis of the corpus callosum.

The correlation between tooth inclination and bone thickness and the comparison between thickness measurements and buccolingual inclination before and after dental decompensation will be evaluated through tridimensional images in individuals with class III dentofacial deformities.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of propranolol as an alternative treatment for cavernous malformation in patients that may not be ideal candidates for surgery.

The investigator aims to examine the clinical utility of WES, including assessment of a variety of health-related and reproductive outcomes in undiagnosed prenatal cases.