Active clinical trials for "Congenital Abnormalities"

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of changes in foot structure on physical activity level, fatigue and quality of life in COPD patients.

Patients with cirrhosis can have abnormalities in laboratory tests reflecting changes in primary and secondary haemostasis. Such changes have been considered particularly relevant in the bleeding complications that occur in cirrhosis. However, several studies have shown that routine diagnostic tests are not clinically useful to stratify bleeding risk in patients with cirrhosis. Moreover, treatments used to increase platelet count or to modulate platelet function could potentially do harm. Consequently the optimal management of bleeding complications is still a matter of discussion. Moreover, in the last two decades there has been an increased recognition that not only bleeding but also thrombosis complicates the clinical course of cirrhosis. Over the last years, emerge that in vivo platelet function and coagulation cascade might be modulated by an alteration of pro-oxidant and antioxidant balance. Thus It has previously been demonstrated that chronic liver diseases are characterized by increased oxidative stress state. Aim of the study is to analyse the relationship between oxidative stress, haemostatic balance and clinical complications in cirrhosis.

This cross-sectional, non-interventional, and observational study will assess the lipid profile of patients who have been taking lipid-modifying drugs (i.e., proportion of patients achieving treatment to goal according to national and international lipid management guidelines) during a single visit to their physicians on an outpatient basis in 6 representative geo-economic regions in China: Northeast, North, East, South, Southwest, and Northwest; and within each region, in three tiers of hospitals: tier 3 (primary or teaching hospitals), tier 2 (secondary or city level hospitals), and tier 1 (community hospitals/health centers). The investigators will primarily be cardiologists, endocrinologists, neurologists, gerontologists, internists, or other physicians who are representative of the general population of physicians managing patients with dyslipidemia and/or at high risk for cardiovascular events likely to be treated with lipid-modifying drugs. Demographic data, cardiovascular risk factors, a history of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular treatments will be documented in a single visit through patient clinical examination and chart review. DYSIS-China is part of a string of epidemiological studies that share the same master protocol, which has been conducted in different countries mainly in Europe and Canada. The analysis of the pooled studies including overall data and cross-country comparisons is the subject of a distinct protocol.

The objective of this study is to further establish that SQUID, an alternative liquid embolic agent with specific properties, is a safe and effective alternative in bAVM endovascular treatment strategy available to date. Therefore, the performance of SQUID will be documented and its safety of use will be confirmed in current practice.

Anorectal malformations are congenital malformations, in which the terminal part of the hindgut is abnormally placed and lies outside (partially or completely) the sphincter mechanism.

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal vessels, connecting cerebral arteries and veins. They form a bundle which is called nidus. Rupture of an AVM leads to intracranial hemorrhage often causing neurological impairment or even death. As treatment can be associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, AVMs still remain a considerable challenge for neurosurgeons. For smaller AVMs, a well-established treatment option is non-invasive Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS). GKRS uses radiation to obliterate the AVM nidus hence, eliminating the risk of hemorrhage. However, after Gamma Knife radiosurgery, occlusion of the AVM nidus takes about two years. To evaluate treatment success after GKRS, invasive digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is still the gold standard. For this procedure, patients have to undergo puncture of the femoral artery for application of a contrast media to receive adequate imaging of the cerebral arteries. In recent literature it has been discussed whether sufficient evaluation of treatment is possible with non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). At present, it is unclear whether this method could replace the current invasive gold standard for treatment evaluation. To investigate on this issue, a few studies have compared the two methods however, only retrospective data exist. Thus, the investigators are conducting this prospective study including 50 patients with cerebral AVMs treated with GRKS to evaluate the sensitivity for nidus obliteration of MRI using DSA as a reference.

The purpose of this observation study is to evaluate long term safety and efficacy at 2~3 years after surgery on patients who have completed nasal septal deformity surgery using TnR Nasal Mesh.

This study is investigating the neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal exposure to lamotrigine (LTG), sodium valproate (VPA), or carbamazepine (CBZ) monotherapies. The hypotheses to be tested include: Exposure during pregnancy to CBZ, LTG, and VPA, each as monotherapy, is associated with developmental delay with or without signs of autism. Exposure to each drug (CBZ, LTG, and VPA) as monotherapy is associated with an increased rate of occurrence of major malformations. The child with major malformations is more likely to have developmental delay with or without signs of autism than the child who does not have major malformations. The occurrence of adaptive behavior outcomes will show a dose-response relationship with the dose of medication taken by the mother in the first trimester. The study population includes children 36-83 months of age who were exposed throughout gestation to one of the three drugs of interest, as treatment for maternal seizure disorder.

Immunosuppressive drugs such as tacrolimus, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, sirolimus and everolimus may have toxic pulmonary effects, particularly interstitial alterations. The aim of the present study is to explore the presence of subclinical interstitial lung abnormalities in stable renal transplant recipients taking the different immunosuppressive drugs used as maintenance therapy for renal transplantation.

Maintaining the condylar position after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSO) is one of the most important aspects in terms of condylar function ,.An altered condylar position can cause internal derangement of the joint, loss of the mandibular angle, increased risk of relapse, condyle sagging, and impaired masticatory function. In previous years, a great deal of attention has been paid to maintaining the preoperative condylar position during orthognathic surgery. Numerous condylar positioning methods have been reported and could be divided into manual/empirical methods, conventional methods , navigation, and sonographic monitoring, Computer guided methods which is more accurate than other methods