Active clinical trials for "Congenital Abnormalities"

Chest computed tomography of patients having coronavirus disease (COVID-19) will be analyzed with regards to vascular abnormalities (pulmonary embolism and vascular thickening), and their association with lung inflammation. The prevalence, severity, distribution, and prognostic value of chest CT findings will be assessed. Patients with vascular abnormalities will be compared to patients without, which is supposed to provide insights into the prognostic role of such abnormalities, and the potential impact on treatment strategy.

The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic is leading to a large number of patients in intensive care units due to severe hypoxemic pneumonia. After an acute phase that may require controlled mechanical ventilation and deep sedation, removal of sedation often reveals a pathological awakening in the vast majority of patients. This encephalopathy state remains, to date and to our knowledge, unexplained. Clinical features do not appear to fully correlate with regular delirium. This encephalopathy might be explained by deep and prolonged hypoxemia, a wide use of sedation drugs, systemic inflammation or the hostile ICU environment.

The creation of a 3D model of modal anatomy of the ethmoid could, like other parts of the body, improve anatomical, radiological and perhaps even surgical learning. Anatomical variations might constitute a "background noise" of the modal anatomy, which can be attenuated by multiplying the instances of acquisitions. The objective of this work is to establish modal anatomy of the ethmoid by the analysis of a large number of CT-scan acquisitions carried out in individuals with no acquired sinus pathology.

Immature myeloid cells (IMCs) that are generated in the bone marrow, and differentiate into mature granulocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) in the steady state. Recently, it was demonstrated that the IMC population expands in malignancy, both in animal models and in humans. These cells were described as immunosuppressants but have also been shown to promote tumor angiogenesis. Accordingly, IMCs were also found to take part in the burn injury wound healing process and other pathologies that involve angiogenesis. It was shown in the investigators' laboratory, that a very similar population of IMCs populates the mouse and human placenta, and that these cells actively promote angiogenesis. Dendritic cells (DCs) that can differentiate from IMCs, are antigen presenting cells (APCs) that initiate and coordinate the innate and adaptive immune responses. DCs can take up a diverse array of antigens and present them to T cells as peptides bound to MHC products. These antigen-specific responses are critical for resistance to infection and tumors. Conversely, DCs have roles in autoimmunity, transplant rejection and immunological tolerance. In the reproductive system, DCs were shown to account for 5%-10% of all hematopoietic cells in the uterine decidua at the embryonic implantation site. They were shown to promote angiogenesis during early pregnancy, especially during implantation. Very little is known about their function in the placenta and in the latter part of pregnancy when significant angiogenesis takes part. The investigators' preliminary mouse experiments and human data, demonstrate a shift in IMC/DC populations with the development of the placenta. The investigators hypothesize that this population shift may contribute to the labor and delivery process. The investigators' aim is to understand the role of these myeloid cell populations during pregnancy, to characterize their phenotype and try to shed light on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia, pre-term labor, intrauterine growth restriction, etc.

Lower Limb Deformities (LLDF) is a rather common infirmity among children. LLDF may result from various conditions such as trauma, tumors, infection, and dysplasia, congenital and metabolic abnormalities. It is assumed that correction of deformities by surgical procedure will improve ambulation and reduce energy expenditure. This prospective study will document the process of establishing the initial localization and magnitude of deformity through physical and radiological examination, kinetic and kinematical parameters, and measuring energy expenditure. The study will also document the type of surgical intervention undertaken to correct the deformity. Following a recovery from surgery, children's ambulation will be assessed again, by physical and radiological examination, by kinetic and kinematical parameters, and by measuring energy expenditure. A third series of exams will be performed four months later. It is expected that the surgical intervention will improve ambulation and reduce energy expenditure. This study aims at establishing a model enabling to assess ambulation and energy expenditure before and after surgical intervention. The results of the study may have practical implications on the decision and type of surgical procedures.

The primary objective of this multicenter study is to validate the AVICH score in terms of patient outcome prediction in AVM patients with associated ICH. Secondary objectives are the impact of pretreatment of the AVICH score. Patients outcome is measured using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and are grouped in favorable (mRS score, 0-2) and unfavourable (mRS score, 3-6) outcome at last follow-up (LFU). The following parameters, which are part of the AVICH score, will be compared between the 2 groups: ICH score including age, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, haemorrhage volume, presence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and localization of the ICH. Spetzler-Martin grade including AVM size, eloquent location, and venous drainage, as well as the Lawton-Young grade, including age, presence of ruptured AVM, and the nidus structure. In addition pre-/postruptured treatment modalities, including embolization, radiotherapy, surgery or no treatment will be analysed. Outcome (mRS) at 3 months, at 1 year, and at LFU will be compared. Multicentre validation study Key inclusion criteria: All patients with ICH associated AVMs and a modified Rankin Scale <2 (so 0-1) before hemorrhage Pretreatment (embolization, radiosurgery, surgery) before ICH is not an exclusion criteria. Key exclusion criteria: incomplete data set AVM Patients with only subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) or IVH and no ICH

The human microbiota, a collection of microorganisms mostly settled in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a major role in the maintenance of the hosts' health and in development of disease as well. Exposure to different conditions early in life contributes to distinct "pioneer" bacterial communities, which shape the newborn infants' development and influence their later physiological, immunological and neurological homeostasis. Newborn infants with congenital malformations of the gastrointestinal tract (CMGIT), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) commonly require abdominal surgery and enterostomy. While intestinal microbiota has been extensively studied in infants with anatomically uninterrupted intestine, the knowledge of longitudinal intestinal colonization in this population is scarce. This is an exploratory, observational, and longitudinal prospective study, primarily aimed to determine longitudinally the colonization of the proximal remnant intestine, in newborn infants with enterostomy after surgery (three weeks) for CMGIT, NEC and SIP. The secondary aim is to explore the associations of the colonization with the mode of delivery, gestational age, postnatal age, duration of fasting, type of enteric feeding, antimicrobial therapy, H2-receptor antagonist therapy, and length of proximal remnant intestine.

fetal gastro intestinal abnormalities can be accurately diagnosed in second trimester

EPIRMEX is a complementary study to the national cohort EPIPAGE 2 the INSERM Unit 953 is responsible. The objective of this study is to evaluate at the age of 5 years corrected executive functions in children born very prematurely in relation to structural brain abnormalities in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (technical conventional and advanced) performed at the age of term. The current study is a project on a subset of the population of premature EPIRMEX subjects who had an advanced technique as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). It is a recent imaging technique for a study of the cerebral metabolism. It is based on the detection of cerebral metabolites, and the variations of their concentration to characterize different pathologies. In most cases, combinations of metabolites are informed creatine + phosphocreatine (CR), glycerophosphocholine + phosphocholine (CHO) + Nacétylaspartate Nacetylaspartylglutamate (NAA), myoinositol (INS) and lactate (LAC). In the premature newborn, the NAA / CHO ratio increases with age in all brain regions. The LAC / NAA ratio decreases significantly with age in the thalamus, basal ganglia, the corticospinal tract, and parietal white matter tends to decrease elsewhere . A number of studies show that proton spectroscopy term can predict the long-term newborn who presented an anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy .These studies indicate that an increase in lactate and a decrease in NAA are correlated with abnormal neurological development. And decreases in NAA / CR and / or NAA / CHO ratios are predictive of motor abnormalities in children with anoxic encephalopathy presented an ischemia . These decreases were also measured in the basal ganglia, occipital cortex, and areas near the last. Few studies have explored the magnetic resonance spectroscopy of proton-term prediction of the future of large premature.

The aim of our study is to investigate the pregnancy rates in women with normal uterine cavity ,with and without cervical abnormalities.