Active clinical trials for "Birth Weight"

To explore the predictive value of peripheral perfusion index in late onset sepsis of very low birth weight infants , obtain the threshold by observing the perfusion index of very low birth-weight infants within one month after birth, this value can be used as a threshold to predict late onset sepsis in very low birth weight infants.

The purpose of this study is to compare how premature infants who required oxygen for at least 28 days during their time in the NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) breathe at discharge compared to premature infants who did not require oxygen for at least 28 days during their time in the NICU.

This study evaluates the cognitive and behavioral outcomes including image findings of school-aged children who were born preterm compared with who were born term gestational age.

Objective: to assess the perinatal results in Uruguay during the semester of successful control of the COVID 19 pandemic to evaluate the impact of the crises in the public and private sub sectors of the Health System. Methodology: An analytical observational study was carried out, comparing the semesters from March 15 to September 30, 2019 (year prior to the COVID 19 pandemic) with the same period 2020 (year of the COVID 19 pandemic), in the 2 sub sectors of public and private health care.

Objective: To study the association of low maternal plasma glucose in 2 hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in women with impaired birth weight and determinate if this result is predictive of low birth weight (<10th percentile according to the INTERGROWTH-21st newborn weight standards for gestational age/sex). Materials and methods: OGTT at 24-34 week gestation will be performed in pregnant women, the birth weight will be compared between women with low fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (<10th percentile, <65 mg/dL) and normal FPG (≥10th percentile, ≥ 65 mg/dL) also for 1 and 2-hour plasma glucose (1-h PG/2-h PG). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis will be used to determine the optimal lower OGTT threshold for the prediction of low birth weight.

The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of gestational age (GA) estimates by using the New Ballard Score (NBS) in newborns 24 to 27 weeks GA with accurate obstetric estimates of GA. Secondary purposes were: (1) to compare the accuracy of GA estimates derived from the NBS, the original Ballard score, and the physical items of the original Ballard score and (2) to compare these measures of GA and best obstetric estimates of GA as predictors of survival, morbidity, and hospital stay among infants <28 weeks' gestation and among very low birth weight infants in general.

This study was a multicenter, prospective cohort study to define postnatal longitudinal growth for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. The objectives were: 1) to develop postnatal growth curves for VLBW preterm infants that would permit an assessment of growth velocity; 2) to relate growth velocity and nutritional practices (duration of parenteral nutrition, age at first enteral feeding, and age at full enteral feeding); 3) to compare growth velocity in infants who are small-for-gestational age (SGA) with infants who are appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA); and 4) to relate growth velocity to several common, major morbidities, including chronic lung disease (CLD), nosocomial infection (or late-onset infection) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). These growth data may be useful in identifying preterm infants who are growing slowly despite current nutritional support and in designing and performing clinical trials of nutritional interventions.

Advances in newborn intensive care have lead to dramatic improvements in survival for the most premature infants-often weighing 1 pound at birth. Unfortunately, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and developmental delay affect more than 10,000 of these premature infants in the U.S. annually. In his studies, Dr. Jeffrey R. Kaiser is trying to understand why these premature infants are at such high risk of brain injury, and to learn ways to prevent injury. Experts believe that disturbances of brain blood flow regulation are important in causing these injuries. Using a novel continuous monitoring system, Dr. Kaiser is able to determine an infant's capacity for normal brain blood flow regulation. Contrary to previous thinking, he has shown that many of these babies in fact due have normal regulation of their brain blood flow. He has observed that brain blood flow may be disturbed during suctioning of the breathing tube. Further, he has also shown that infants with high carbon dioxide, those not breathing well, have impaired regulation of their brain blood flow. Thus, even stable infants are prone to disturbed brain regulation during routine intensive care, which may lead to bleeding in the brain and long-term neurologic problems. Dr. Kaiser will study up to 200 infants to determine 1) the developmental pattern of normal regulation of cerebral blood flow; 2) in those with impaired regulation, determine when it develops during the first week of life; and 3) determine the relationship between impaired brain blood flow regulation and brain injury. Results from this study will help us recognize when premature infants are most vulnerable to developing brain injury, allowing prevention and intervention strategies to be initiated in a timely fashion.

Gastric tube (GT) placement is a recurrent procedure in VLBW infants due to feeding impairment correlated with low birth weight. Correct GT depth is mandatory to ensure an appropriate and safe enteral feeding: X-ray is the gold standard in order to check GT position, but this cannot be routinely performed due to x-ray exposure risk. Feeding a neonate through a misplaced GT is potentially harmful and may increase morbidity, mortality and hospitalization length. Nurses estimate GT depth through external measurements. This study aims to identify the most appropriate insertion length predictor for orogastric tube placement in VLBW infants by comparing two different methods.

Ultrasound measurement of cross sectional area of umbilical cord might offer advantage over Hadlock's formula for accurate estimation of actual birth weight at term gestation leading to prevention of large number of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.