Active clinical trials for "Sepsis"

Patients with severe infections initially require large amounts of fluid as part of resuscitation. Later on however, problems may arise from excess fluid such as increased time on a ventilator and kidney damage. The amount of fluid a patient has is difficult to assess. One approach is to determine the amount of fluid that is present in a large central vein. This can be done by physical examination of the jugular veins, or by placing a catheter within the vein. Unfortunately this method is unreliable and does not predict the amount of fluid a patient has. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA), is a device that can determine the amount of fluid in the body by measuring the body's electrical properties. It is a quick and painless test that assesses volume. The primary objective of this study is to determine if BIA measurements are associated with patient important outcomes such as time on a ventilator, risk of kidney failure requiring dialysis and death. We will also determine whether BIA is a measure of fluid status in ICU patients. This study will assess feasibility in establishing a multi-centre study assessing if BIA's role in predicting adverse outcomes and thereby prognosis and fluid status. We hypothesize that shorter vector lengths will be associated with hypervolemia and less ventilator free days.

Aim of the study : The primary aim of the investigators study is to highlight the presence of biomarkers (biological indicators of the presence of inflammation or infection) of infectious processes during the systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) allowing, first to discriminate non-infectious inflammation from infectious processes and secondary to determine the microbial pathogen responsive of the infection. For this purpose the investigators will conduct a combinatorial approach of several blood markers including usual markers of inflammation and other blood and cells markers. Expression of small pieces of RNA (miRNA) known to inhibit determined gene expression, will also be analysed in monocytes (a specific group of white blood cells involved in the fist line of defences against microbes. Study design : For this purpose the investigators will include 300 patients admitted to the intensive care unit with suspicion of infection. Serial blood sample will be take for biological parameters analysis. Efficiency of each single parameters and of different combinations of different markers to determine the presence or absence of infection responsive of clinical inflammation will be studied.

CRP and PCT are not valid parameters of early infection in particularly postoperative patients. (Sanders et al., A&A, June 2006, Vol.102; Katja et al., Shock, February 2001, Vol 15.2) Better detection systems for SIRS and sepsis are urgently required. ICIS® (Sysmex intensive care infection score) and ICPS® (Sysmex intensive care prognostic score) are two new score-systems depending on detectable cellular response of the innate immune system in human peripheral blood. The purpose of this observational study is to determine if these scores are superior in early differentiation between non-infectious SIRS and infectious SIRS (sepsis) in postoperative patients. Furthermore, the applicability of the scores for triggering start and ending of anti-infective therapy will be examined.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is commonly used for long term enteral feeding of patients with severe dysphagia. The most common complication is peristomal wound infection. The possible mechanism the bacterial from the oral cavity disseminate during the PEG insertion through the stomach to the abdominal wall, in spite the routine use of antibiotic prophylaxis, have reported low rates of wound infection in patients who were already receiving antibiotics at the time of PEG Our hypothesis that washing the oral cavity with antibiotic solution prior the insertion PEG , We planned a prospective, randomised, double blind, one centre study of antibiotic mouth wash solution (0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate) as.prophylaxis in PEG

Patients may have actual or relative intravascular volume depletion in a number of different disease states, particularly with sepsis syndrome. However, it is clinically difficult to determine volume status without invasive monitoring, which may cause unintended complications. Our hypothesis is that we can accurately estimate central venous pressure, which is a surrogate marker of volume status, with a noninvasive portable ultrasound device.

The aim of this study is to determine if oxytocin administration is able to blunt LPS induced increase of cytokines (TNF-α) and if there is a change in the endocrine response after lipopolysaccharide administration in humans.

India, with one of the world's largest populations, continues to struggle with extremely high infant and neonatal mortality rates. Neonatal infection (sepsis) now accounts for 50 percent of deaths among community-born (and 20 percent of mortality among hospital-born) infants. This study is the first phase of a multi-phase project investigating interventions to prevent neonatal infection in India.

Globally, sepsis affects an estimated 31.5 million people and accounts for 5.3 million deaths each year. This calculation is based on data from western high income countries only. The purpose of this study is to develop an objective sepsis identification tool using electronic health records to study the epidemiology of sepsis in Hong Kong.

We aimed to investigate whether Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio is a Prognostic Factor of Sepsis in Newborns with operated Neural Tube Defects?

Sepsis is a lethal complication of flexible ureteroscopy. The aim of this study is to identify predictors of sepsis after flexible ureteroscopy in patients with solitary proximal ureteral stones.