Active clinical trials for "Body Weight Changes"

RATIONALE: Physical activity may prevent or reduce weight gain in women receiving chemotherapy for early stage breast cancer. PURPOSE: This randomized phase I/II trial is studying physical activity to see how well it works compared with usual care to prevent or reduce weight gain in women with stage I or stage II breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

One in every three children ages 2-19 years is overweight or obese. Although multifactorial in nature, obesity is primarily attributed to a mismatch between energy intake and energy expenditure (EE). Daily EE (DEE) can be partitioned between resting metabolic rate (RMR), EE associated with physical activity, and the thermic effect of food (TEF). RMR corresponds to the energy needed to sustain the body functions at rest and is also related to body composition (i.e., ratio of skeletal muscle mass to fat mass). Skeletal muscle mass is a large contributor to RMR; the more skeletal muscle mass, the higher the RMR (i.e., more energy expended at rest). In addition, muscle plays a central role in whole body protein metabolism and disrupted muscle metabolism is associated with the development of many common chronic diseases associated with obesity such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Although the contribution of disrupted muscle metabolism to chronic disease is well-established in older adults, the potential impact in children is unknown. The overall objective for this primary project application is to determine the role of breakfast protein consumption in improving energy metabolism, energy balance and skeletal muscle health in obese, school-aged children.

Physical exercise is considered an important intervention for promoting well-being and healthy aging. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of moderate-to-high intensity resistance training circuit on different parameters of fat mass, functional autonomy, strength and quality of life in elderly. A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 45 subjects, (27 females, 18 males) aged between 65-75 years old from Murcia (Spain) were randomly to experimental group (resistance training circuit for 12-weeks and isocaloric diet program) and control group (no resistance training intervention). Fat mass, functional autonomy, muscular strength, perceived exertion, and quality of life perception were obtained with validated tools. Experimental group decreases significantly their fat mass percentage whilst control group not presented differences. Muscular strength results exhibited significant differences between intervention training protocol. Furthermore, experimental group presented better marks than control group at quality of life questionnaire and functional autonomy scores. The moderate-to-high intensity resistance training circuit showed increase in upper and lower muscular strength as well as functional capacity and significantly decreased total fat mass and that improvements in physical function predict improvements in QoL perception in elderly.

Bread is the most common grain product in the world, with consumption surpassing 3 billion individuals per year. Sourdough whole-grain bread is considered a healthy alternative to white, refined-wheat bread. This cross-over study will test the effect of consumption of sourdough bread compared to white bread following a short dietary intervention period (one week) on multiple clinical parameters and gut microbiota.

Regular breakfast consumption may help lower body weight reduce body fatness and improve cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, the best kind of breakfast to consume to achieve these effects is unclear. We hypothesized that a high fiber breakfast would suppress appetite, lower body weight and improve cardiovascular disease risk factors compared with a no-fiber breakfast.

RATIONALE: A home-based exercise and/or diet program may improve the quality of life of breast cancer patients by preventing an increase in body fat and weight and a loss of lean body tissue. PURPOSE: This randomized phase II trial is studying the effectiveness of three home-based diet and/or exercise programs in preventing weight gain and loss of muscle tissue in women who are receiving chemotherapy for stage I, stage II, or stage IIIA breast cancer.

This study evaluates the relationship between several genetic variants and the response to a hypocaloric diet, in order to design a genetic test which permits prescribe the more personalized diet for each individual according to her genotype. Half of the participants will assigned to a moderate high protein diet, while the other half will assigned to a high carbohydrate diet.

This study will assess the effect of high protein (HP) and high carbohydrate (HC) diets on weight loss and other metabolic parameters. Rationale: The prevalence of obesity is on the rise in the US. The health hazards of obesity have been well established. The detrimental effects of obesity on cardiovascular, metabolic and psychological parameters as well as the excess cost to the national health budget are astounding. One way of treatment and prevention of obesity has been the use of diet and exercise. In the absence of well-established superiority of one diet over another, different scientifically unproven diets are in common use. A palatable diet providing satiety as well as all essential nutrients may go a long way in treating over-weight individuals. Another factor has been the long-term adherence to such weight loss regimens, which in general have been poor. Protein diets have been known to provide greater satiety and reduced energy intake than carbohydrate diets, but definite long-term studies are sparse. For this study the investigators will recruit and study 24 normal, pre-menopausal obese women (12 on HP diet and 12 on HC diet), and compare their weight loss and changes in metabolic parameters between the two diets.

The L-carnitine has demonstrated effects in the treatment of obesity mainly promoting the fat degradation during exercise.

Childhood obesity has more than tripled in the past 30 years. From 1980 to 2008, the prevalence of obesity among adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, increased from 5.0% to 18.1%.1 Although several pediatric weight management programs are available, access to these programs may not always be possible. The proposed study will be an ongoing research program with approximately 40 children ages 12-18 years enrolled into the study over a year. All study participants will participate in a baseline evaluation which will include body composition measures, aerobic testing, as well as nutrition and physical activity questionnaires. Study participants will be assigned to the clinic-based group. The clinic- based group will participate in a 12-week multi-disciplinary weight management program. All study participants will then participate in a 12-week follow-up evaluation similar to the baseline visit. New participants will be enrolled every 12 weeks. Every 12 weeks, active participants (those that have completed a minimum of 12 weeks) will have the option to continue in the program or, discontinue their active participation in the program and enroll into the maintenance phase which will consist of measures only every 12 weeks. The objective of the proposed study includes examining the efficacy of the clinic-based, multi-disciplinary, pediatric weight management program.