Active clinical trials for "Body Weight"

For the purpose of this pilot study, the investigators hypothesize that the use of the Step Up Your Game protocol will result in statistically significant improvements in health and athletic performance. The key to this is the coordination of resources from a supervising physician, physical therapist, trainer, dietitian, coach, competitor, role model, psychologist, and spiritual leader. Notably, Step Up Your Game provides resources which would allow patients to find or be their own physical therapist, trainer, dietitian, coach, competitor, role model, psychologist, and spiritual leader. The role of the supervising physician, however, is meant for a qualified professional, who follows the osteopathic approach to medicine, in which the body is treated as an integrated whole, while also working to prevent and treat injuries. Though not limited solely to osteopathic physicians, it is critical to take into account every health aim and injury in the context of the athlete and how these affect all aspects of participants lives.

Understanding critical periods during which people are at risk to gain weight or display unhealthy changes in energy balance related behaviour, i.e. eating, physical activity and sedentary behaviour, can facilitate the development of weight gain prevention programs. Although the transition to parenthood is associated with pregnancy-related weight gain and retention in women, evidence on the effect of having a first child on men's body weight is lacking. It is also unclear whether pregnancy-related weight gain and retention cohere with unfavourable changes in body composition and energy balance related behaviour in both women and men transitioning to parenthood. Using a mixed-methods design, the investigators aim to provide insight into this critical life phase. An observational follow-up study will be used to investigate changes in body weight, body composition and energy balance related behaviour among couples from pre-conception to one year postpartum, and to identify those most at risk for excessive weight gain.

Alkaline phosphatase is known to be produced by syncytiotrophoblasts in the placenta and its levels are normally increased in pregnancy. Therefore, it would be reasonable to hypothesize that alkaline phosphatase would be low to low normal in cases of low birth weight / intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)/ placental insufficiency.

The feasibility study was conducted using a mixed-methods single group, pre and post-test design (Quasi experiment) approach. The investigator assessed if a weight reduction program using WhatsApp and peer support would work well enough to conduct a larger study. The investigator conducted the study in an urban slum (Azam Basti) in Karachi, Pakistan and enrolled 50 participants, along with participant nominated peers from the same family. Initial eligibility was assessed over the phone. Those who met the initial eligibility were visited to assess eligibility in terms of BMI (23 kg/m2 and above). Height was measured in centimeters (cm) and weight in kilograms (kgs) using a digital weighing scale. Both values were entered into the web-based calculator to calculate BMI. Participants with a BMI of 23 kg/m2 and above were enrolled and written informed consent was obtained. The participants then nominated one peer from the family. Peer eligibility was assessed and written informed consent was obtained. Once the participants and peers were enrolled in the study, the baseline assessments were completed. During the baseline assessments, participants were interviewed for sociodemographic and health-related information, 24-hour dietary recall, and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Peers were also interviewed for sociodemographic information. After the baseline assessment, the participants and peers received lifestyle modification education through WhatsApp voice calls for three days and then once monthly for one year delivered by a trained nutritionist. The intervention was delivered mostly in groups. The peer-supported lifestyle modification intervention was developed with the aim of helping participants adopt healthier lifestyles by making dietary changes, increasing physical activity, and achieving a weight loss goal of 5% of their initial body weight. Additionally, the intervention aimed to prevent weight gain among participants. The participants were followed-up for one year. Participants weight (kg), diet through 24-hour dietary recall, and physical activity through Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) were assessed every month. Social support questionnaire was also asked from participants at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The investigator also conducted in-depth interviews at the end of the study with study participants and peers to understand the barriers, facilitators, and experiences of the lifestyle modification intervention program.

In obese (OB) patients, the presence of an increased inflammatory state in the body due to the increase in abdominal adipose tissue and increase in the frequency of gallstones and lipid levels are expected to increase the development of acute pancreatitis (AP). The effect of obesity on the clinical course of acute pancreatitis has much been attracted the attention of researchers. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the prevalence and severity of AP, as well as Balthazar tomographic scoring, differs in BMI groups (normal, overweight, obese).

Body fat (BF) and muscle mass showed opposing association with mortality. Whole-food, plant-based (WFPB) lifestyle programs has been on the rise lately especially due to impressive health benefits. The results of research on the effectiveness of popular weight loss diets in obese subjects showed 20 to 30% loss of lean muscle mass within to the total body weight loss, whereas in the whole-food, plant-based (vegan) diet the loss was up to 42%. Therefore, an open research problem is to find a way how to improve body composition in an effective and healthy way (i.e., losing of excess BF while maintaining muscle mass as much as possible) but still using stric plant-based (vegan) diet. Investigators will perform retrospective analysis of measurements of body composition and phase angle values of aprox. 200 participants who were on a WFPB lifestyle program from 2016 to 2021 and performed two successive measurements (initial and follow up (FU)), without body mass index (BMI) limitation on same medically approved and calibrated bioelectrical impedance (Tanita 780 S MA, Tokyo, Japan) and were not yet included in our previous studies. A WFPB lifestyle program were consisted of nutrition (i), (ii) physical activity and (iii) support system. Primary outcome include the following measures: BF % and FFM and to examine the change from initial values to FU values (by gender), according BMI classification (e.g,, normal, pre-obese and obese) with subanalysis for those participants who lost up to 5 kg/more and those who lost 5 kg or more of body weight.

Studies of appetitive behavior in humans after RYGB have produced ambiguous results. It therefore remains unclear whether there are fundamental shifts in the palatability of high-fat and sugary foods after RYGB or simply a decrease in the appetitive drive to ingest them. Moreover, learning processes may play a role as changes in diet selection progress with time in rats after RYGB. However, direct measures of an altered food selection in humans after RYGB are rare and both the durability of the phenomenon as well as the role of experience for changes in food selection remain elusive.

The study team want to see if changes in lifestyle and behaviors and self-monitoring of diet and physical activity in older adults who have type 2 Diabetes (T2D) may help to prevent or reduce frailty. Frailty occurs in older adults and leads people to have falls, become disabled, require nursing home placement, and have increased risk of death. T2D is one of the major risk factors for frailty. T2D is a significant problem in older adults and is known to increase the risk of future frailty.

The purpose of this prospective single center study is to investigate if the accuracy of length based body weight estimation by the already investigated algorithm (CLAWAR) can be improved by adding another parameter. For this study 500 patients are required to collect anonymized data (length, weight, age, mid upperarm circumference and patient habitus by visual estimation) for achieving a power of 80% during statistical analysis. The main hypothesis ist that CLAWAR's accuracy can be improved.

To determine whether low calorie diet (LCD)-induced weight reduction caused changes in plasma metabolites and metabolic traits from baseline.