Active clinical trials for "Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (CIBD) with its prevalence of 2.6 million people in Europe is diagnosed in 25% before the age of 18 years. Early remission is intended to improve child growth, quality of life and reduce psychological comorbidities. Additionally to conventional drugs one third of pediatric CIBD patients use alternative treatment strategies. However, there is a lack of evidence of acupuncture as complementary medicine in pediatric CIBD on the disease activity and inflammation. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of acupuncture in children with CIBD on the Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index (PUCAI) and the Weighted Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (sPCDAI), which are non-invasive validated instruments to measure the disease activity. Furthermore, this study aims to investigate the effect of acupuncture on chronic pain, quality of life and parameters of inflammation.

Young people with IBD face all the usual complexities of growing up, with the additional complications of having a chronic health condition, often recently diagnosed, which can have a detrimental impact on their mental health. This research seeks to examine the potential effectiveness of a two-stage intervention for young people with IBD via a pilot feasibility trial. First, a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) group with a "Mindfulness based compassionate living" (MBCL) group delivered soon afterwards. Both interventions will be delivered online. MBSR aims to increase peoples awareness of their tendency to get caught up in thoughts and help them live in the present moment. Once an individual has achieved greater awareness of their thought processes, MBCL then aims to help individuals to become kinder to themselves, and less critical. We know from interview studies with young people with IBD that they can be harsh on themselves about how they are coping, and being harsh and critical can impact wellbeing. By targeting mindfulness and self-compassion we hope to demonstrate a positive impact on wellbeing, by reducing stress, anxiety and depression and improving quality of life (primary outcome measures) for young people with IBD and equip them with a mindfulness practice to use in the future as they continue to manage their IBD.

Anemia is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Although most cases of anemia in IBD are due to iron deficiency, many patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are not treated with iron supplementation. In addition, it has not been firmly established which iron supplementation modality provides the best results in terms of effectiveness and safety. In the present study the investigators will compare the effectiveness and efficacy of three iron supplementation modalities in IBD-associated IDA. There will be two arms of parenteral (iv) iron supplementation (ferric carboxymaltose and ferric gluconate) and one arm of oral supplementation (sucrosomial iron). Primary objective of the study is is to compare the efficacy of oral iron with that of the iv iron supplementation regimens. The primary outcome is measured as the percentage of patients responsive to iron supplementation. Response is defined by Hb normalization or by an Hb increase ≥2 g/dL by week 8 from start of therapy. As secondary objectives the influence of anemia and its treatment on fatigue, quality of life, hospitalizations, additional outpatient visits, number of endoscopic examinations; further treatments and relative side effects will be evaluated.

Crohn's disease (CD) results in chronic intestinal inflammation, is of increasing incidence both in the developed and developing world and has a marked impact on patient quality of life. The prevalence of CD is 10.6 per 100,000 people in the UK and represents a significant annual financial burden of around €16.7 million in Europe. A wide range of nutrients and food components have been investigated for their role in the pathogenesis and course of CD. A common theme suggests that CD risk is associated with a "Western diet", including high fat, high sugar and processed foods. However, intervention studies that exclude specific aspects of the diet such as sugar or that compare low and high fat diets have failed to show effectiveness in practice. Observational human and experimental animal studies suggest that certain food additives used extensively by the food industry play a role in the pathogenesis and natural history of CD. However, to date no evidence exists for the effectiveness of a diet low in these food additives in CD. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a diet low in certain food additives compared to a normal UK diet on CD activity, health-related quality of life, gut bacteria, gut permeability, gut inflammation and dietary intake, in patients with mildly active, stable CD. We will recruit patients with mildly active CD and will randomise them to receive either the diet low in the food additives of interest, or the diet representative of a normal UK diet. Patients will follow their allocation diet for 8 weeks and will attend study visits at the start and end of the trial, at which points questionnaires will be completed and samples will be collected. Crohn's disease (CD) results in chronic intestinal inflammation, is of increasing incidence both in the developed and developing world and has a marked impact on patient quality of life. The prevalence of CD is 10.6 per 100,000 people in the UK and represents a significant annual financial burden of around €16.7 million in Europe. A wide range of nutrients and food components have been investigated for their role in the pathogenesis and course of CD. A common theme suggests that CD risk is associated with a "Western diet", including high fat, high sugar and processed foods. However, intervention studies that exclude specific aspects of the diet such as sugar or that compare low and high fat diets have failed to show effectiveness in practice. Observational human and experimental animal studies suggest that certain food additives used extensively by the food industry play a role in the pathogenesis and natural history of CD. However, to date no evidence exists for the effectiveness of a diet low in these food additives in CD. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a diet low in certain food additives compared to a normal UK diet on CD activity, health-related quality of life, gut bacteria, gut permeability, gut inflammation and dietary intake, in patients with mildly active, stable CD. We will recruit patients with mildly active CD and will randomise them to receive either the diet low in the food additives of interest, or the diet representative of a normal UK diet. Patients will follow the diet for 8 weeks and will attend study visits at the start and end of the trial, at which points questionnaires will be completed and samples will be collected.

Inflammatory bowel disease often requires immunomodulators, such as methotrexate, to maintain disease remission. This medication is administered as one dose weekly. Methotrexate can cause folic acid deficiency, so the current recommendation is to give daily folic acid supplementation while on methotrexate. Standard of care is to administer folic acid supplements daily. Patient compliance with daily folic acid is often suboptimal. The rationale is that weekly folic acid supplementation is as efficacious as daily dosing, and less frequent dosing likely will help improve patient compliance. The optimal dosing schedule of folate supplementation in relation to methotrexate is not known and there are not many research studies that have studied changing dosing of folate supplementation. One particular research study examined the effect of different dosing of folic acid supplements in patients with rheumatoid arthritis taking methotrexate. The study showed that folic acid at two different doses per week (5 mg low dose vs 27.5 mg high dose) did not effect the efficacy of methotrexate therapy, and patients who were on either folic acid supplementation had lower toxicity scores compared to patients not on folic acid supplementation. This study shows that folic acid dosed once per week can be useful in preventing methotrexate toxicity for rheumatoid arthritis patients. There were no studies that could be found that have studied this correlation for pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Based on this current study, once weekly dosing of folic acid in IBD patients on methotrexate has the potential to be as efficacious as daily dosing.

This study will recruit persons with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The investigators will contact people in an ongoing study (called IMAGINE) to recruit persons with high levels of stress, anxiety, or depression who are interested in a web-based program focused on skills in managing stress, anxiety and depression (a self-directed psychosocial intervention). The goal is to develop an internet-based psychosocial intervention to help persons with inflammatory bowel disease to cope with high levels of stress, anxiety or depression.

The investigators will compare two physician behaviors for managing pain in patients with IBD: proactive vs. reactive. Both the proactive and reactive behavior/strategies are standard of care at the institution in which the study will be performed. The PROACTIVE strategy is an IBD-specific analgesic orderset (built into our EMR and approved by the institution's Pharmacy and Therapeutics committee), the REACTIVE strategy is a traditional "reactive" analgesic prescribing (prescribing medications only when patients have pain). The PROACTIVE IBD-specific analgesic orderset consists of medications which have evidence for use in IBD-related pain. This orderset is an educational guide, it does not force any order. The reactive prescribing habits could contain an array of pain medications depending on what the provider wants to prescribe. Aims: Aim 1: To assess whether there is a difference in pain scores or functional activity among hospitalized patients with IBD between reactive vs proactive physician behaviors. Aim 2: To assess whether there is a difference in inpatient opioid-prescribing between reactive vs proactive physician behaviors. Aim 3: To assess whether there is a difference in health care utilization, including length-of-stay and 30-day readmission, between reactive vs proactive physician behaviors.

The small bowel is poorly suited to standard endoscopy techniques due to its anatomical differences from the colon and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The small bowel has an average length of 6.7 m, with a free mesentery that resists standard "push to advance" endoscopy techniques. New developments in overtubes, which are placed over an enteroscope, have revolutionized doctors ability to deeply intubate the small bowel. Three types of 'augmented' enteroscopy, double balloon enteroscopy (DBE), single balloon enteroscopy (SBE) and spiral enteroscopy (SE), have been developed. Although studies have been performed on these individual techniques, there are no studies comparing SBE and SE, the two techniques used in Johns Hopkins. The investigators propose performing a prospective, randomised trial, to assess the differences between these two techniques. The question of what differences there are between these two techniques, in terms of depth of insertion, diagnostic and therapeutic yields, time required for the procedure and the sedation requirements, are important questions to answer, and depending on the results, would affect the investigators approach to patients with small bowel disease.

Background Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a group of lifelong and relapsing inflammatory conditions that usually affect the colon and the small intestine. Between 30 to 45% of patients with IBD do not take their treatment as prescribed by their health care team (Jackson, Clatworthy et al. 2010). The Perceptions and Practicalities Approach (PAPA) provides a theoretical framework to develop adherence interventions that are patient-centred (Horne, 2001). Unintentional non-adherence occurs when the patient wants to take the medication but there are barriers beyond their control, such as not understanding the instructions (practical barriers). Intentional non-adherence is the result of the beliefs affecting the patient's motivation to continue with treatment (perceptual barriers). Aims To develop an internet-based intervention to address perceptual and practical barriers to adherence to medicine for IBD. To determine whether the intervention is effective based on change in both types of barriers. Plan of Investigation The inclusion criteria are: age 18 or over; diagnosis of IBD; currently prescribed azathioprine, mesalazine, and/or adalimumab. 240 participants identified via Crohn's and Colitis UK and through two NHS IBD clinics will take part in the study. An online pilot Randomised Controlled Trial will allocate the participants either to a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) based online intervention or Treatment as Usual group. On first visiting the website, participants will be screened for eligibility and asked for consent before answering the questionnaires. The website will assign intervention modules to be completed based on an individual's profile. Outcomes: Beliefs about Medicines scores will be measured at baseline, 1 month and 3 month follow-ups. Potential Impact A CBT based online intervention tailored to personal needs and concerns may benefit a large number of patients with low costs for the national healthcare services. A website can be accessed at a time and place convenient to the patient.

Small bowel capsule endoscopy is a test used to investigate for any abnormalities in the small bowel. The small bowel is about 4 meters long. The battery time of the capsule is about 8 hours. During this time the capsule takes pictures as it passes through the small bowel. In about 15-20% of capsule tests the battery expires before the capsule passes through the entire small bowel into the colon. Incomplete tests indicate that a variable portion of small bowel was not visualized. Incomplete tests are associated with potential missing of abnormalities in the portion of small bowel that was not reached. The capsule test may often required to be repeated but the problem of incomplete examination may persist. At present no medication has been approved to increase the rate of complete capsule tests. Prucalopride is a medication that has been approved in Canada and Europe for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation. Animal and human studies suggested that prucalopride may enhance the movement of the stomach and the small bowel. A recent presentation at a medical meeting suggested that prucalopride may accelerate the passage of the capsule camera through the small bowel without increasing the chance to miss a lesion in the small bowel. The purpose of this study is to asses if the administration of a single dose of prucalopride is going to decrease the time required by the capsule to move through the small bowel.