Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

The purpose of the study is to determine the value of FLT-PET early after initiated chemotherapy in patients with small cell lung cancer, and to determine whether MRI of the brain should be performed routinely in these patients.

This is a Retrospective, Multicenter, Controlled Study to Evaluate Immunotherapy and Radiotherpay for Brain Lesions as a Potential Treatment for Patients with Brain Metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer

Many patients with brain tumors require surgery. Some patients have brain tumors near important parts of the brain. These brain areas have roles in language or motor function. Avoiding these motor and language areas helps to prevent neurological deficits. The investigators are studying the parts of the brain involved in motor and language. Patients usually get functional MRI (fMRI) or resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) for gray matter mapping and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) or diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) for white matter mapping. These special MRI sequences are used to plan surgery. Patients are scheduled to have imaging to help plan for possible surgery. Some patients may require stimulation during surgery to motor and language areas. In patients who require stimulation as part of their standard of care, the investigators will compare the investigators imaging results with the stimulation results. The purpose of this study is to improve MRI mapping of the motor and language pathways in the brain. The scans are necessary stimulation for this protocol are part of the standard of care. In other words, these tests are done as part of the best possible care even if they did not join this study. The investigators are studying new techniques for analyzing the MRI data. These new techniques may give the doctor a better view of where the brain tumor is located relative to important parts of the brain. The investigators will only perform the test sequences that are necessary for mapping the tumor. Most patients will require both fMRI and DTI. Some patients may only require fMRI or DTI. The investigators may also ask to perform optional sequences during the scan. Multi-echo is an modified form of fMRI. DSI is a modified form of DTI. These optional sequences are for research only. The patient would not get these sequences if they do not enroll in this study.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate diagnostic imaging techniques using 124I-NM404 PET/CT in human brain tumors. This goal will be accomplished by quantifying tumor uptake and determining the optimal PET/CT protocol, comparing PET tumor uptake to MRI, and calculating tumor dosimetry. The long-term goals of this research are to improve the diagnosis and treatment of malignant brain tumors by using radioiodinated NM404

This research protocol makes pictures of brain tumors. The pictures are made with a positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. PET scans use radioactivity to "see" cancer cells. We are using a new kind of PET scan. The new PET scan is called [18F]-FACBC PET. We will compare this to the standard PET scan. The standard PET scan is called [11C]-methionine PET. We expect these pictures will give us information about your tumor. We also hope to collect information about the amount of radioactivity exposure. We will measure radioactivity exposure to your tumor, brain and other organs. The research study results will be used to support the submission of an investigational new drug (IND) application to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

OBJECTIVES: I. Evaluate whether stereotactic radiosurgery provides local control at multiple sites in patients with primary or metastatic brain tumors, controlled systemic disease, and preserved neurologic function. II. Examine survival, clinical outcome, and local tumor imaging response in these patients.

This is a pilot study, the principal investigator plans to enroll 14 patients. If 2 or more responses are documented, the principal investigator will consider to start a new phase II study. If there is less than 2 responses in the 14 patients, it is unlikely that Eribulin will produce 15% or more response rate in patients with active brain metastases, thus indicating no need to study further. Based on Poisson distribution, there is 38% probability of observing 1 or 0 response even if the underlying response is 15%. There is no null hypothesis, hence no p-value of significance.

For patient having a brain tumor, RMI is the standard exam for tumor characterization and determines initial surgery. The aim of this study is to assess if PET could provide additional information that could have an impact on surgery (indication and planification)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT of the brain, is able to distinguish radiation necrosis from tumor progression in cases where MRI is inconclusive. 18F-fluciclovine is an FDA approved radioactive diagnostic agent and is injected into the participant and then taken up by cancer cells, which can then be visualized with a PET/CT scan. 18F-fluciclovine is FDA approved for the detection of recurrent prostate cancer, but is still investigational for the purposes of this study.

Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Patients With Brain Metastasis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated by Pembrolizumab Combined With Chemotherapy