Active clinical trials for "Brain Diseases"

The main purpose of this study will be to evaluate the prognostic value at 3 months of life of brain perfusion MRI determined by Arterial Spin Labeling technique in the first week of life of term newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy requiring management in neonatal intensive care unit.

There is a need for caregiver-initiated and -implemented non-pharmacological interventions directly to and for the person with dementia, including environmental assessment and modification, as first-line treatments for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in persons living with dementia (PLWD). Delivered via telehealth, Harmony at HOME (H@H) aims to train caregivers of persons with moderate to severe ADRD in the skills of assessing and modifying the home environment to promote "person-environment fit," a concept that posits that the ability to access features within a built environment (e.g. bathroom, stairs,) or that factors within the environment itself (lighting, noise level, temperature), especially when linked with individualized social support, contribute to or even shape behavior. In addition to the intervention, the first 10 caregiver participants to enroll will also be invited to participate in two focus groups that will be facilitated during and after the intervention. The first focus group focuses on experiences as a dementia caregiver in rural areas. The second focus group focuses on providing feedback regarding caregivers' perceptions, acceptability, and usefulness of the H@H intervention. These focus groups will be conducted as structured interviews with open-ended questions that encourage participants to share their experiences.

The "BPET prototype" is a small aperture PET scanner. The BPET prototype will be used with patients, which have just finished their regularly scheduled PET examination on a clinical whole body PET system. The radioactive tracer used for this procedure will still be active. This remaining acitivity will be used for an image acquisition with the BPET prototype without the need for an additional radioactive tracer dose. The control intervention is be a brain PET scan as part of standard clinical routine. It will be done immediately before the scan on the BPET prototype.

BrainICU is a prospective observational study investigating the EEG slow wave activity in comatose cardiac arrest survivors under propofol anesthesia and its association with neurological outcome.

The purpose of this study is to assess whether the addition of a drug such as Magnesium sulphate while providing therapeutic hypothermia (or cooling) to babies who are asphyxiated at birth provides additional benefit to the babies' survival and outcome compared to cooling alone.

Effective treatment and prevention strategies for childhood stroke and porencephaly can only be developed once the causes are understood. There is increasing evidence that inherited and acquired coagulation abnormalities alone or in combination with environmental factors, predispose to arterial and venous thrombosis. Inherited abnormalities of factor V Leiden, prothrombin, protein C, protein S, and antithrombin III may account for many of these thromboses. At present there is little information on the existing distribution of these coagulation anomalies in children with thrombosis. Recent reports also suggest that these clotting abnormalities may be responsible for some instances of intracranial hemorrhage, porencephaly, cerebral palsy and fetal death. This study will measure the frequency of several coagulation factor abnormalities (factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210A, protein C, protein S, antithrombin III, and antiphospholipid antibodies) in children with a history of porencephaly and stroke, and will compare these to the prevalence of these mutations in population controls and family members. We will also describe the exogenous conditions which in concert with these coagulation factors, may have led to the development of thrombosis in these children....

Time is an important function that permeates our everyday activities but it has been so far significantly under-investigated in neurological patients. For instance, it is known that right brain damaged (RBD) patients with spatial attentional deficit (neglect) are impaired in both the ability to estimate the duration of an event (Time Estimation), showing a time underestimation, and the ability of mentally moving in past and future time (Mental Time Travelling), showing a deficit in processing future events when they are projected in the past. After a leftward shift of spatial attention induced by prismatic adaptation (PA), both the underestimation and the ability to travel in time ameliorate. However, less is known about these abilities in left brain damaged (LBD) patients. Aims of this study are to investigate: i) the performance (in terms of accuracy and reaction times) of LBD and RBD patients on Mental Time Travelling; ii) the correlation between Mental Time Travelling and Time Estimation abilities; iii) the efficacy of a single session of PA inducing a leftward (L-PA) and a rightward (R-PA) attentional shift on Mental Time Travelling and Time Estimation abilities. A group of control subjects will be involved for comparison among groups.

The post-operative delirium picture is a serious and common complication seen after any major surgery, including hepatic resection. Patients who will be planned to undergo donor hepatectomy for liver transplantation will be included in the study. Basic clinical and demographic information of patients undergoes donor hepatectomy will be recorded before surgery. The anatomical parameters such as liver volume, medications performed during the surgery, complications, bleeding amounts, fluids given, blood and blood products, vital signs during surgery, fluid balance, duration of surgery, recovery length at post-operative period, complications after surgery, approaches to complications, analgesics and other medications used, hemogram and other biochemical parameters (electrolytes, albumin, liver frontier tests, etc.), weight status, vital signs, duration of intensive care, post-operative VAS scores, drainage and information such as length of stay, length of hospital stay, the healing time of the wound will also be recorded. During the hospitalization, the delirium status of the patients will be evaluated with a delirium evaluation scale by consultant doctor. Blood will be taken for the measurement of S100β, NSE, and GFAP levels one day before donor hepatectomy and following day of hepatectomy, 3rd day, and 7th day in the post-operative period. The plasma of the blood taken will be separated and stored at -80 0C until working. Laboratory values are taken from the patients before the operation will be recorded over the system. The relationship between the results obtained and the delirium evaluation scores performed on the days followed will be evaluated. This study aims to analyze the delirium incidence and post-operative early S100β, NSE, and GFAP levels within the first week following the hepatectomy performed in live donors for liver transplantation.

Some ICU ventilated patients might present with large tidal volume despite very low or inexistant presser support. Patient-Self Inflicted Lung Injury (P-SILI) might appear related with large alveolar stretch an distension. Two clinical presentations are observed: patients with or without respiratory distress signs such as supra-clavicular depression and thoracic-abdominal asynchronies. The aim of this study is to compare the pulmonary physio(-patho)logical parameters of these two types of patients (eupneic or with respiratory distress signs), and presenting important TV in spite of a minimal adjustment of the ventilatory support, except for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).

Immune effectors cells-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) is one of the most clearly defined acute toxicities after CAR-T cells infusion. The investigators conducted a prospective cohort study of all patients who received CAR T cell infusions on the hematology department from Montpellier University Medical Center. Each patient was assessed between the 6th and 8th day after infusion by a neurological clinical examination, an electroencephalogram, and a brain MRI. The aim of the studies is to describe the EEG pattern associated with ICANS.