Active clinical trials for "Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain"

Among term infants, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy due to acute perinatal asphyxia remains an important cause of brain injury in childhood. Infants with moderate encephalopathy have a 10 percent risk of death, and those who survive have a 30 percent risk of disabilities. Sixty percent of infants with severe encephalopathy die, and many, if not all, survivors are disabled. Whole-body hypothermia reduces the risk of death or disability in infants with moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

To date, few studies have been done regarding nutrition supplementation in infants with brain injury. Therefore, the investigators are proposing to study the effects of protein supplementation in this group of babies. The investigators will recruit 24 infants with brain injury (evidence of hemorrhage, white matter injury, or gray matter injury) admitted to the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) into the study. Upon diagnosis, the investigators will obtain consent from the parents for participation in the study, then randomly assign the baby to one of two groups - an increased protein group and a control group. Both groups of infants will be monitored to ensure no adverse effects occur due to the supplementation. Protein supplementation will continue for the first 12 months of age. Growth parameters, such as weight, length, and head circumference, will be measured while the infant is the NICU. Head circumference will be measured in the investigators outpatient clinic at three, six, and 12 months of age. At 18-22 months, the infants will be tested for neurodevelopmental outcomes using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The investigators hypothesize that infants who receive the additional protein will demonstrate increased head growth and improved neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Perinatal asphyxia-induced brain injury is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in term and preterm neonates. Birth asphyxia accounts for 23% of neonatal deaths globally and survivors suffer from long term neurological disability and impairment. Although many neuroprotective strategies appeared promising in animal models, most of them were not feasible and effective in human newborns. However, hypothermia was reported not to be effective if introduced beyond and thus should be introduced within 6 hrs after birth.Applying this selection criterion naturally would deprive many patients of the opportunity of hypothermia treatment.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether nerve growth factor (cerebrolysin®) therapy will improve the psychomotor outcome in infants with moderate and severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy after hospital discharge.

Asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal death in Zambia. This study will be conducted in two cities in Zambia to determine if the combined Neonatal Resuscitation Program/Essential Newborn Care Program compared to the new World Health Organization (W.H.O.) basic perinatal care education of health care providers (Essential Newborn Care Program) results in reduced mortality due to perinatal asphyxia.

The current work aims to: The primary aim in this study was to identify the contribution of maternal, pregnancy, birth and neonatal factors to encephalopathic features in new born infants. The secondary aim of this study is to reduce the burden on the country by decreasing the rate of neonatal encephalopathy, decreasing the different grades of neurodevelopmental impairment and improvement the quality of life.

Infants are at risk of developing motor and cognitive neurodevelopmental disabilities as a sequelae to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury during the perinatal period. It is an ongoing challenge to predict the severity and extent of future developmental impairment during the neonatal period. This study will help test the feasibility of conducting a large-scale study that evaluates the role of diffuse optical tomography as a bedside neuroimaging tool in complementing the prognostic value of conventional and diffusion weighted MRI for predicting neurodevelopmental outcome in neonates with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.

Ten infants undergoing therapeutic hypothermia for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy will be enrolled in a new protocol that will allow mothers to hold their infants during the hypothermia treatment period. This is a safety study that will assess whether or not there is an increase in adverse event frequency in infants that are held during hypothermia. Parents and NICU nurses will be given a questionnaire after holding is complete investigating their feelings on maternal-infant bonding and safety of the holding protocol.

This research is being done to try to improve the experience of mothers and babies during therapeutic hypothermia. Currently, mothers are not able to hold their baby during hypothermia treatment. Mothers have reported that not being able to hold their baby during this time is stressful. Additionally, it is known that holding has many benefits for mothers' and babies' psychological and physical health. Therapeutic hypothermia is the standard of care. The experimental interventions of this study are to have mothers hold their babies during this treatment, collect saliva samples from mothers and babies, and test the saliva samples for the hormones cortisol and oxytocin. The investigators will test saliva of infants and their mothers before and after holding. The investigators hope to demonstrate decreased cortisol, a marker for stress, and increased oxytocin, a marker for bonding, in infants and mothers while they are held during therapeutic hypothermia.

Perinatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy occurs in one to three infants per 1000 term births, and up to 12 000 infants are affected each year in the united state of America. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is not preventable in most cases, and therapies are limited. Hypothermia improves outcomes and is the current standard of care. Yet clinical trials suggest that 44% to 53% of infants who receive hypothermia will die or suffer moderate to severe neurological disability. Therefore, novel neuroprotective therapies are urgently needed to further reduce the rate and severity of neurodevelopmental disabilities resulting from hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Erythropoietin is a novel neuroprotective agent, with remarkable neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects in animals. Rodent and primate models of neonatal brain injury support the safety and efficacy of multiple erythropoietin doses for improving histological and functional outcomes after hypoxia-ischaemia.