Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

Central nervous system toxicity is a recognized side effect of certain therapies for cancers, particularly cranial irradiation, intrathecal therapy or systemic high-dose chemotherapy. The pathophysiologic mechanisms and clinical manifestations vary. Previous studies defining MRI changes and correlating these with neurocognitive deficiencies have been inconsistent. Recent advances in brain imaging may help to better define neurotoxic effects. (1)H-NMRS is a noninvasive method of obtaining in vivo biochemical information from the brain. It has been used to study patients with CNS disorders, including neuronal disorders. In this study, (1)H-NMRS will be used to objectively characterize CNS toxicities in patients with cancer who are receiving potentially neurotoxic therapies. In addition, we will retrospectively evaluate patients with known or suspected neurotoxicity associated with cancer therapy, to determine if changes in spectroscopic patterns are associated with CNS toxicity.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety and imaging ability of 111In-DAC when used with planar and SPECT imaging for the detection of lung cancer and brain cancer consistent with metastatic lung cancer.

The aim of this study was to assess the anxiolytic and sedative effect of OZALIN® / OZASED® (ADV6209) 0,25mg/Kg in children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) under inhalational anesthesia. Our hypothesis is that compared to children who do not receive any premedication, palatability of OZALIN® / OZASED® by allowing an easier acceptance of the drug, improves the quality of anesthesia induction and postoperative behavioral outcome improving sedation and reducing the need for inhalation anesthetic which has been recognized as the main cause of post-procedural behavioral changes, including emergence agitation.

Feasibility and tolerance study of virtual reality headset for brain mapping during brain awake surgery.

A critical aspect of brain tumor patient management is the radiographic assessment of tumor status, which is used for diagnosis, localization, surgical planning and surveillance. The primary goal is to develop and apply advanced, quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques that can supplement existing high-resolution anatomic imaging to aid clinical decision-making for patients diagnosed with brain tumors. The studies proposed herein involve the development of advanced imaging methods that are intrinsically sensitive to the biophysical characteristics associated with tumor pathogenesis, as they are more likely to improve tumor characterization and localization and may offer early and more specific indicators of treatment response. These advanced methods include diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion MRI. A secondary objective of this study is to validate cerebral blood volume (CBV) metrics acquired using a DSC acquisition and post-processing methods by comparison with an intravascular reference standard contrast agent. Validated perfusion imaging techniques will improve the reliability and relevancy of derived CBV metrics across a range of clinical applications, including tumor localization, treatment guidance, therapy response assessment, surgical and biopsy guidance, and multi-site clinical trials of conventional and targeted brain tumor therapies.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is increasingly applied in patients with brain metastases (BM) and is expected to have less adverse effects on cognitive functioning than Whole Brain Radiation Therapy (WBRT). Because cognitive functions are essential for daily functioning, and may affect therapy compliance and quality of life in general, a full understanding of cognitive functioning in patients with BM after SRS is essential. CAR-Study A is a prospective study to evaluate cognitive functioning in patients with 1-10 BM accepted for treatment with Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS).

This study investigates the intrafractional accuracy of a frameless thermoplastic mask used for head immobilization during stereotactic radiotherapy. Non-invasive masks cannot completely prohibit head movements. Previous studies attempted to estimate the magnitude of intrafractional inaccuracy by means of pre- and postfractional measurements only. However, this might not be sufficient to accurately map also intrafractional head movements. Intrafractional deviation of mask-fixed head positions is measured in five patients during a total of 94 fractions by means of close-meshed repeated ExacTrac measurements conducted during the entire treatment session. From the obtained data the investigators evaluate the need to adjust safety margins around the gross tumor volume (GTV) whenever the investigated thermoplastic mask is used instead of invasive ring fixation.

Clinical follow-up survey of the Norwegian material of paediatric patients who received therapy for medulloblastoma and CNS-PNET from 1974 - 2013 with a focus on quality of life, education, work, family and children, delayed effects of tumour disease and treatment, endocrine evaluation, existence of auditory neuropathy, and neuropsychological testing.

The PAINLESS study is a single-center, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint (PROBE) controlled clinical study to compare the efficacy and safety of pre-emptive scalp infiltration with ropivacaine plus ketorolac and ropivacaine alone for postoperative pain relief in adults undergoing elective supratentorial craniotomies.

Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a non-invasive technique for the delivery of a single, high dose of radiation to an intra-cranial target. MRI has an established and central role in the treatment planning process and assessment of response to intracranial radiosurgery. Increasing the field strength of MRI from 1.5T to 3T promises to improve the signal, and in turn the quality of images. However, the technology also introduces new limitations, and the role and safety of 3T MRI in the management of patients receiving radiosurgery has not yet been reported. In this pilot study, we will explore the spatial integrity, and incremental image-guidance utility of 3T MRI in patients receiving radiosurgery. The preliminary data acquired in this study will be instrumental to the judicious design and conduct of subsequent definitive clinical trials. Up to fifty patients will be enrolled in this study.