Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

Recent advances in technology have allowed for the detection of cell-free DNA (cfDNA). cfDNA is tumor DNA that can be found in the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord (called cerebrospinal fluid or CSF) and in the blood of patients with brain tumors. The detection of cfDNA in blood and CSF is known as a "liquid biopsy" and is non-invasive, meaning it does not require a surgery or biopsy of tumor tissue. Multiple studies in other cancer types have shown that cfDNA can be used for diagnosis, to monitor disease response to treatment, and to understand the genetic changes that occur in brain tumors over time. Study doctors hope that by studying these tests in pediatric brain tumor patients, they will be able to use liquid biopsy in place of tests that have more risks for patients, like surgery. There is no treatment provided on this study. Patients who have CSF samples taken as part of regular care will be asked to provide extra samples for this study. The study doctor will collect a minimum of one extra tube of CSF (about 1 teaspoon or 5 mL) for this study. If the patients doctor thinks it is safe, up to 2 tubes of CSF (about 4 teaspoons or up to 20 mL) may be collected. CSF will be collected through the indwelling catheter device or through a needle inserted into the lower part of the patient's spine (known as a spinal tap or lumbar puncture). A required blood sample (about ½ a teaspoon or 2 3 mL) will be collected once at the start of the study. This sample will be used to help determine changes found in the CSF. Blood will be collected from the patient's central line or arm as a part of regular care. An optional tumor tissue if obtained within 8 weeks of CSF collection will be collected if available. Similarities between changes in the DNA of the tissue that has caused the tumor to form and grow with the cfDNA from CSF will be compared. This will help understand if CSF can be used instead of tumor tissue for diagnosis. Up to 300 people will take part in this study. This study will use genetic tests that may identify changes in the genes in the CSF. The report of the somatic mutations (the mutations that are found in the tumor only) will become part of the medical record. The results of the cfDNA sequencing will be shared with the patient. The study doctor will discuss what the results mean for the patient and patient's diagnosis and treatment. There will not be any germline sequencing results reported and these will not be disclosed to the patient, patient's clinician or be recorded in patient medical record. Patient may be monitored on this study for up to 5 years.

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the survival benefit of local therapy combination with target therapy in lung cancer brain metastases with EGFR mutation. The main questions it aims to answer are: Is local therapy performed before or after target therapy would provide survival benefit ? What kind of local therapy combining with target therapy would provide survival benefit, neurosurgical resection or radiotherapy?

This is a single center non-randomized, single-arm feasibility trial of the implementation of virtual behavioral health counseling sessions alongside standard-of-care treatment.

This is a first-in-children phase 1 trial using indoximod, an inhibitor of the immune "checkpoint" pathway indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), in combination with temozolomide-based therapy to treat pediatric brain tumors. Using a preclinical glioblastoma model, it was recently shown that adding IDO-blocking drugs to temozolomide plus radiation significantly enhanced survival by driving a vigorous, tumordirected inflammatory response. This data provided the rationale for the companion adult phase 1 trial using indoximod (IND#120813) plus temozolomide to treat adults with glioblastoma, which is currently open (NCT02052648). The goal of this pediatric study is to bring IDO-based immunotherapy into the clinic for children with brain tumors. This study will provide a foundation for future pediatric trials testing indoximod combined with radiation and temozolomide in the up-front setting for patients with newly diagnosed central nervous system tumors.

The purpose of this study is to determine wether cobimetinib + vemurafenib combination treatment is effective in the treatment of BRAFV600-mutated melanoma patients with brain metastasis

The primary goal of this research study is to determine the efficacy of giving pre-operative radiosurgery to patients pending resection of a brain metastasis.

Patients having radiotherapy to their head and neck wear an immobilisation shell to prevent patient movement and improve treatment accuracy. These shells tend to cover the face and have the potential to cause anxiety and distress in patients, particularly if they suffer with claustrophobia or a similar fear. The study will use an 'open-face' shell that does not cover the face and compare this with the investigators' current 'closed-face' shell. The investigators will obtain treatment verification x-ray images to assess the daily set-up errors and compare these between the two shell type, and ask both patients and radiographers of their experiences from using the shells. Hypothesis: Open-face immobilisation shells offer equivalent accuracy and efficiency of radiotherapy delivery and are better accepted by patients and radiographers as compared to closed-face immobilisation shells for cranial radiotherapy.

This is a non-controlled, open label, Phase II Study of ipilimumab combined with a Stereotactic Radiosurgery. The study included an induction phase of four IV infusions of Ipilimumab at 10 mg/kg every 3 weeks associated with a stereotactic radiosurgery performed 3 days before 2nd ipilimumab administration. A Maintenance phase included Ipilimumab, IV, 10 mg/kg once every 12 weeks, starting at week 24, in the absence of PD, unacceptable toxicity or withdrawal of consent or disease progression. The primary objective is the overall survival. The Secondary objectives include safety, ORR, PFS and peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) as a predictive biomarker.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sugammadex in reversing profound neuromuscular block induced by rocuronium in infant patients

This project will compare two MRI contrast agents in metastatic brain tumours in humans. More specifically, the investigators will compare the tumour contrast obtained using glucose versus the current standard gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA, gadobutrol, trade name Gadovist, will be used). First, participants will receive a glucose bolus injection followed by glucose enhanced MRI. Second, participants will receive a Gd-DTPA bolus injection followed by Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI. Both contrast studies will be performed during the same MRI study, which will be under one hour long.