Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

Brain metastasis (BM) is among the most feared complications in cancer because even small tumors may cause incapacitating neurologic symptoms. It is observed in more than 50% of patients with lung cancer and 15% to 25% of patients with breast cancer. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral alkylating agent that crosses blood-brain barrier (BBB). This pilot study aims to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) plus concomitant TMZ in lung cancer and breast cancer patients with BM.

Study No.: KSPNO-S-081 Reduced-dose Craniospinal Radiotherapy Followed by High-dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Rescue in Children with Newly Diagnosed High-risk Brain Tumor Study No.: KSPNO-S-082 High-dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Rescue in Infants and Young Children with Newly Diagnosed High-risk Brain Tumor To Avoid or Reduce Craniospinal Radiation Study No.: KSPNO-S-083 High-dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Rescue in Children with Recurrent Brain Tumor or Non-germinomatous Germ Cell Tumor with Inadequate Response to Conventional Treatment

RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. Indinavir and ritonavir may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. It is not yet known whether external-beam radiation therapy is more effective with or without indinavir and ritonavir in treating patients with brain metastases. PURPOSE: This randomized phase II trial is studying external-beam radiation therapy alone to see how well it works compared to external-beam radiation therapy given together with indinavir and ritonavir in treating patients with brain metastases.

RATIONALE: Erlotinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. Giving erlotinib together with radiation therapy may kill more tumor cells. PURPOSE: This phase I trial is studying the side effects and best dose of erlotinib when given alone or together with radiation therapy in treating young patients with refractory or relapsed malignant brain tumors or newly diagnosed brain stem glioma.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of neurofeedback (NFB) to improve attention, memory and processing speed in children treated for a Brain Tumour (BT). In the Netherlands every year approximately 100 children are diagnosed with a BT. Nowadays over 65% of these children have a 5-year survival. Treatment for a BT consists of neurosurgery and / or local or craniospinal radiation and / or adjuvant chemotherapy. Neurotoxicity caused by radiotherapy and / or chemotherapy (especially methotrexate) is a major cause of neurocognitive decline in Childhood Brain Tumour Survivors (CBTS). Approach: Studies have shown that NFB has the capacity to improve the brain systems mediating selective attention and response inhibition in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). The effectiveness is reported as comparable to methylphenidate (Ritalin) without side effects of medication. CBTS exhibit symptoms comparable to those of children with ADHD and positive response to methylphenidate has been found in CBTS. However, NFB has not been used as an intervention in CBTS yet. The effectiveness of NFB in children treated for a BT will be investigated in a randomized controlled trial. The intervention group of 30 patients will receive approximately 30 sessions of NFB; the control group will receive 30 session of placebo neurofeedback. Neuropsychological tests will be used to evaluate pre- and post-NFB intervention as well as at a 6-month follow-up. Relevance: If NFB proofs to be effective for CBTS this will be a great improvement for their (neuro-) psychological functioning and quality of life, without the disadvantage of the side effects of medication. The implementation of this intervention might increase cognitive and social functioning and thus facilitate integration of these children in society during childhood and school carrier as well as in adult life.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of surgery, conventional chemotherapy, sequential high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and reduced dose radiation therapy in high-risk PNET brain tumors.

Clinical measurement of renal function is generally performed using either laboratory tests or nuclear medicine techniques, however, both of these techniques suffer from some limitations. Notably the lab tests only assess global, rather than individual kidney, function and the nuclear medicine tests are demanding to perform well. Children with brain tumors are often treated with chemotherapeutic in order to try and kill the cancer. Amongst the known side effect of some of the drugs used in the chemotherapy is the fact that they may damage the kidneys. For this reason the function of the kidneys is assessed using a laboratory test at 3 or 6 months intervals during the treatment. In addition, to the problem mentioned above the tests also require a separate visit to the hospital. Children with brain tumors who are undergoing chemotherapy also routinely have contrast-enhanced MRI of the brain performed at intervals of three months in order to evaluate the response of the tumor to the chemotherapy. Recently, MRI techniques have been developed which can evaluate single kidney renal function. The aim of this study is to establish if a single MRI exam can be used to assess both the effect of the chemotherapy on both the tumor and the renal function. The results of the MRI measurement of the single kidney renal function would be combined to provide a measure of global renal function and this would be compared with that obtained from the laboratory test. The MRI exam will require only require an extra 10 minutes of scanning time and will not affect the rest of the MRI exam in any way. This study is being performed to validate a new technique for measuring kidney function. Patients are being asked to volunteer for this study because they require serial contrast enhanced MR scans to monitor their response to chemotherapy. Because some chemo-therapeutic agents can be toxic to the kidney the patient's kidney function will also be evaluated using conventional methods, and the results of these tests can be compared to those obtained using MRI. We plan to study 50 children in this study. The additional procedure for measuring renal function will add 10 minutes to the duration of the MRI exam and will have no effect on the routine brain study. If validated the proposed MRI technique would allow renal function to be evaluated at the time of a routine, contrast enhanced MRI exam and would avoid additional testing using radioactive tracers or urine collection over 24 hours. If successful, MRI could be used to measure single kidney renal function in all any patient undergoing a routine MRI exam by simply extending the scanning time by a maximum of 10 minutes. This would save such patients additional visits to the hospital and would have the advantage of measuring single kidney, rather than global, renal function.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of MRI-guided focused ultrasound thermal ablation of brain tumors performed through intact human skull using the ExAblate transcranial system. We will collect data to establish the basic safety of this type of treatment as the basis for later studies that will evaluate its clinical efficacy.

To observe the effectiveness and safety of apatinib combined with radiotherapy for brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer patients

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Camrelizumab Combined with Chemotherapy and Local Treatment in non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases.