Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

Gamma Knife radiosurgery is a non-invasive technique for the delivery of a single, high dose of radiation to an intra-cranial target. MRI has an established and central role in the treatment planning process and assessment of response to intracranial radiosurgery. Increasing the field strength of MRI from 1.5T to 3T promises to improve the signal, and in turn the quality of images. However, the technology also introduces new limitations, and the role and safety of 3T MRI in the management of patients receiving radiosurgery has not yet been reported. In this pilot study, we will explore the spatial integrity, and incremental image-guidance utility of 3T MRI in patients receiving radiosurgery. The preliminary data acquired in this study will be instrumental to the judicious design and conduct of subsequent definitive clinical trials. Up to fifty patients will be enrolled in this study.

RATIONALE: Learning whether temozolomide changes semen or sperm in patients with brain tumors may help doctors learn about the long-term effects of treatment and plan the best treatment. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying changes in semen or sperm caused by temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed, progressive, or recurrent primary malignant brain tumors.

This study will examine the use of a variation of standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) called diffusion tensor MRI (DT-MRI) for distinguishing injured brain tissue due to radiation therapy (radiation necrosis) from the return of a brain tumor that was previously removed (tumor recurrence). DT-MRI differs from standard MRI in the way that computers process the images; there is no difference in the experience of having the procedure done. Both radiation necrosis and tumor recurrence can occur within weeks to months following brain radiation treatment. Because the treatment and management options for the two conditions differ significantly, distinguishing the two is of critical importance. Currently, surgical biopsy is required to make this differentiation. Healthy volunteers and patients who have received radiation therapy as part of their treatment for a brain tumor may be eligible for this study. All candidates must be at least 21 years old. Patients must have a new area of abnormality that requires a biopsy to determine whether it is a tumor recurrence or radiation necrosis. Candidates are screened with a medical history and physical examination. In addition, patients have blood and urine tests. All participants undergo MRI and DT-MRI. MRI uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves instead of X-rays to obtain images of body organs and tissues. The MRI scanner is a metal cylinder surrounded by a strong magnetic field. During the MRI, the subject lies on a table that can slide in and out of the cylinder and wears earplugs to muffle loud knocking noises that occur during the scanning. Scanning time varies from 20 minutes to 3 hours, with most scans lasting 40-60 minutes. Subjects may be asked to lie still for up to 20 minutes at a time. DT-MRI is a type of MRI that measures how water moves in the brain tissue. This technique uses the same MRI machine as conventional MRI, but the diffusion images are obtained after the normal MRI scan, and by a computer program that is installed into the machine. This completes the participation of healthy subjects. In addition to the scans, patients undergo brain biopsy of the abnormal areas identified by MRI. Patients' commitment to the study protocol is fulfilled when the surgery is complete; they may, however, continue to receive follow-up care at the NIH Clinical Center after they complete the study. They are given the results of the biopsy so that further treatment, if necessary, can be arranged.

This study is a case controlled analytical study that analyzes the relationship between levels of inflammatory markers with the type of brain tumor. Samples of 35 people were then categorized according to the variables above and analyzing to measure its significance

This study is being done to see the changes in structural and functional connectivity that happen in the brain of patients undergoing brain tumor surgery.

Non-small cell lung cancer patients may have brain metastases at diagnosis. Patients with brain metastasis may contribute as poor prognosis factors. This trial aims to explore the efficacy and the safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in non small cell lung cancer patients with initial brain metastasis.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether stereotactic radiosurgery combination with Anlotinib could improve the efficacy and outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer with limited brain metastases.

This research trial studies electronic medical record review in monitoring the effects of adherence on myelosuppression and morbidity in patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors receiving temozolomide and radiation therapy. Myelosuppression is a condition in which bone marrow activity is decreased, resulting in fewer red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets and is a side effect of some cancer treatments. Morbidity is a term that refers to having a symptom of disease or medical problems caused by a treatment. Monitoring patients' electronic medical records to compare side effects, such as myelosuppression and morbidity, with treatment adherence may be a way to enhance patient care by organizing data for medical staff.

To evaluate differences in intraoperative body temperature between heated huimid breathing circuit and conventional breathing circuit

Traditionally, laparoscopy has been based on 2-dimensional (2D) imaging, which has represented a considerable challenge for those approaching this technique. Thus, 3-dimensional (3D) visualization technology for laparoscopy has been proposed, since the early 1990s, as a way to facilitate laparoscopic performance. However, early 3D laparoscopic technology was limited in terms of image quality, so that its use had not been implemented. More recently, industry has developed novel 3D systems where the imaging is similar to stereoscopic vision, in which the depth perception is achieved by different unique images received by each eye. Thus, more recent studies have suggested a possible advantage provided by these new 3D systems during laparoscopic performance. However, comparative assessments of new generation 3D vs 2D laparoscopy remain limited, especially in the hepatobiliary and pancreatic field. To assess the benefits and harms of use of three dimensional systems versus two dimensional systems during laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy.