Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

This is a single-arm, single-center pilot study in which 10 patients with one to four brain metastases diagnosed on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within the past 30 days will be evaluated for study eligibility and enrolled as appropriate.

This Phase II study is to determine the efficacy and safety of MR-Linac Guided Adaptive fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) in patients with brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer.

Effect of sugammadex for reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block on Perioperative Management of awake Craniotomy

This phase II trial studies whether low dose dexamethasone works as well as standard dose dexamethasone to reduce brain swelling after brain surgery in patients with primary brain tumors or cancer that has spread from other places in the body to the brain (metastatic). Surgery is an important part of the treatment of brain tumors; however, it results in injury to surrounding brain tissue, leading to brain swelling. Dexamethasone is effective for controlling the swelling of the brain; however, dexamethasone can cause many unwanted side effects. To minimize the side effects of dexamethasone, the lowest dose needed to control swelling of the brain should be used. This research study is assessing the safety of using a lower than standard dose of dexamethasone after the surgery to control brain swelling.

In the preoperative waiting area, the patients are randomly assigned and divided into two groups according to the allocation sequence table (corresponding to 1:1 randomization) generated by the computer. The propofol group was both induced and maintained at an effect-site concentration (Ce) of 2.0-4.0 mcg/mL by a target-controlled infusion (TCI) system. The sevoflurane group was maintained via sevoflurane vaporizer between 1% and 3% (target minimum alveolar concentration of 0.7-1.3). The following patient data were recorded, the type of anesthesia, sex, age at the time of surgery, preoperative Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score and functional capacity, the postoperative complications within 30 days (according Clavien-Dindo classification), American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) physical status scores, tumor size, intraoperative blood loss/transfusion, duration of surgery, duration of anesthesia, total opioid (remifentanil/fentanyl/ propofol) use, postoperative radiation therapy, postoperative chemotherapy, postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the presence of disease progression, and 6-month, 1-year, and 3-year overall survival and Karnofsky performance status score were recorded.

This study involves patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC and asymptomatic brain metastases. This is an open-label, randomized study, comparing the continuation of Osimertinib treatment alone to Osimertinib treatment combined with early intervention stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The current first line of care for EGFR-mutated NSCLC is administration of Osimertinib, a small molecule that penetrates the blood brain barrier (BBB) well and controls majority, but not all, of the brain metastases. We hypothesize that relatively early intervention with SRS to brain metastases that are still visualized by MRI 2 months-post initiation of Osimertinib treatment, LUNG- will improve long term brain control, cognitive abilities and potentially overall survival. Patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC and asymptomatic brain metastases will be treated with Osimertinib for 2 months. Brain MRI scans will be collected pre-Osimertinib and 2 months after treatment start. Patients with asymptomatic brain metastases present after 2 months of Osimertinib will be randomized into one of two study arms. Arm A patients will be treated with SRS while continuing Osimertinib, while arm B patients will continue with Osimertinib alone. Patients will be assessed based on brain and whole body progression by RECIST. Patients will also be assessed for CNS-PFS and body-PFS, cognitive function, Quality of life and overall survival status via routine follow-up tests.

A Phase II Study of Nivolumab with Ipilimumab and Cabozantinib in Patients with Untreated Renal Cell Carcinoma Brain Metastases

This is a phase 3 study to compare the efficacy and safety of HBI-8000 or Placebo combined with nivolumab on patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma and eligible patients who are not adolescents or patients with new, progressive brain metastasis will be stratified by PD-L1 expression and LDH level.

This study is a Phase I/II study evaluating the safety and effectiveness of focused radiation therapy (radiosurgery) together with olaparib, followed by immunotherapy, for patients with brain metastases from triple negative or BRCA-mutated breast cancers. This study will have a Phase I portion in which subjects will be enrolled based on 3+3 dose escalation rules. Three dose levels of olaparib will be studied. Cycle 1 of study treatment will consist of Olaparib given twice daily concurrently with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Olaparib will start one week prior to SRS and continue during and following SRS (1-5 fractions) for up to 28 days total. The number of doses of Olaparib will be dependent on how long it takes a subject to recover from SRS (ideally the subject will be off steroids, if they are required, at the start of Cycle 2, with exceptions outlined later in this section). Once the subject has recovered from SRS (based on investigator discretion) that will be considered the DLT period. Cycle 2 will be initiated with physician's choice systemic therapy and durvalumab. Cycle 2+ will equal 21 days. During Cycles 2 and 3, physician's choice systemic monotherapy will be given along with durvalumab per protocol. Each cycle will last 21 days. Imaging to evaluate intracranial and extracranial disease will be performed after Cycle 3, and subjects with response will continue with the systemic therapy and durvalumab until progression (intracranial or extracranial), unacceptable toxicity or death.

This phase III trial compares the effect of adding whole brain radiotherapy with hippocampal avoidance and memantine to stereotactic radiosurgery versus stereotactic radiosurgery alone in treating patients with cancer that has spread to the brain and come back in other areas of the brain after earlier stereotactic radiosurgery. Hippocampus avoidance during whole-brain radiation therapy decreases the amount of radiation that is delivered to the hippocampus, which is a brain structure that is important for memory. The medicine memantine is also often given with whole brain radiation therapy because it may decrease the risk of side effects of radiation on thinking and memory. Stereotactic radiosurgery delivers a high dose of radiation only to the small areas of cancer in the brain and avoids the surrounding normal brain tissue. Adding whole brain radiotherapy with hippocampal avoidance and memantine to stereotactic radiosurgery may be effective in shrinking or stabilizing cancer that has spread to the brain and returned in other areas of the brain after receiving stereotactic radiosurgery.