Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

For patient having a brain tumor, RMI is the standard exam for tumor characterization and determines initial surgery. The aim of this study is to assess if PET could provide additional information that could have an impact on surgery (indication and planification)

Single operater pancreatico-cholangioscopy is performed through the working channel of conventional duodenoscopes. A visual evaluation of the biliary and pancreatic ductal systems is completed and obvious or suspicious macroscopic lesions are targeted by biopsy forceps. Evaluation of the usefulness of probe based confocal laser endomicroscopy in the evaluation of suspected premalignant lesions in the biliary duct and in the pancreas.

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate non-inferiority of Dotarem®-enhanced MRI as compared to Gadovist®/ Gadavist®-enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of brain tumors in terms of overall lesion visualization and characterization (off-site assessment). 270 patients will be randomized between 2 arms defining the sequence of administration of the contrast agents at the dose of 0.1mmol/kg, with a minimum of 48 hours and a maximum of 14 days in between. Each patient will, therefore, receive two MRI during his/her participation in the study. The two arms consist in : Dotarem® in the first MRI, then Gadovist®/Gadavist® in the second MRI. Gadovist®/Gadavist® in the first MRI, then Dotarem® in the second MRI. Contrast-enhanced MRIs will be performed on 1.5 or 3 Tesla systems. MRI examinations will be evaluated centrally by blinded independent readers for the main evaluation criterion.

The purpose of this multicenter study is to assess a diagnostic strategy concerning differential diagnosis between radiation necrosis and relapse in brain metastases treated with radiosurgery. Two non-invasive tests - positron emission tomography (PET) with 1F-fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine (FET) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) - will be compared to histology in a cohort of patients presenting growing lesions 6 months after radiosurgical treatment. The results of this study should help to earlier diagnosis of recurrences after radiosurgery and to perform an appropriate treatment for patients.

This study focuses on implementing Yellow 560 for the direct intraoperative visualization of Fluorescein Sodium stained intracranial lesions to facilitate extend of surgery, develop better treatment protocols, and improve the prognosis of a wide array of neurosurgical diseases. More specifically, for the patients who are undergoing surgical intervention for the treatment of their brain aneurysm, tumor, arteriovenous malformation or fistula, the investigators will inject the dye intraoperatively to assess for residual aneurysm, tumor or in general residual lesion which must be corrected.

To investigate the response of temozolomide versus prophylactic cranial radiotherapy in preventing brain metastases in completed or partial remission limited small cell lung cancer patients.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the use of Trental and Vitamin E can help reduce the incidence of radiation necrosis (a lesion that usually occurs at the original tumor site) after radiosurgery. These two drugs are commonly used to treat radiation necrosis when it occurs but the hope is that these drugs can be used to prevent radiation necrosis from ever occurring.

This is a pilot study. The purpose of this study is to test if an imaging tracer, not approved by the FDA, called 11C-Choline (11C-CH) is useful for evaluating your type of cancer. This tracer is used to perform PET scans. The researchers want to see if the 11C-CH PET scan, using the study tracer 11C-CH, can improve upon the usual scans at diagnosing or monitoring your type of cancer. In patients with high-grade gliomas, changes on standard MRI of the brain may reflect true tumor growth or inflammatory changes in response to treatment, called pseudo-progression. It is important to distinguish true tumor growth from inflammation since inflammation indicates the tumor is responding to treatment. With standard MRI, it is difficult to determine if changes following treatment are due to tumor growth or inflammation early on. Researchers hope to learn if the investigational tracer, 11C-CH, will be able to distinguish true tumor growth from inflammation more accurately than standard MRI or 18F-FDG PET scans.

Based on evidence that radiation-induced damage to the hippocampus plays a considerable role in neurocognitive decline after cranial irradiation, hippocampal-sparing whole brain radiation therapy (HS-WBRT) has been proposed. This study will investigate the neurocognitive function and prognosis between HS-WBRT and conventional WBRT for the treatment of brain metastases from breast cancer.

This clinical trial studies dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI) after administration of ferumoxytol and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) after administration of a gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) in viewing the vessels of the brain in younger patients with brain tumors. Ferumoxytol is an experimental form of very small iron particles that are taken by the blood stream to cells adjacent and inside the tumor. These iron particles may make it easier to see the areas of the brain that are affected by tumor. Ferumoxytol may work better than standard GBCA in viewing the vessels of the brain and brain tumor on MRI. Using ferumoxytol and GBCA in the same MRI session may provide more information about tumor blood supply and the extent of the tumor.