Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety profile and efficacy of whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) concomitantly with temozolomide (TMZ) in patients with brain metastases (BM).Patients with BM were randomly assigned to 30 Gy of WBRT with or without concomitant TMZ (75 mg/m2/d) plus two cycles of TMZ (200 mg/m2/d for 5 days).

A propensity- matched study was conducted to investigate the feasibility and safety of adding temozolomide to hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for large brain metastases.

The main objectives of this study are comparison of the incidence of intraoperative air embolism and the extent of blood loss in patients undergoing posterior cranial fossa (PCF) and pineal region (PR) surgeries in sitting and horizontal position. Additionally, the overall treatment outcome, neurological functional outcome, degree of tumor removal, clinical course in the postoperative period, and the patient satisfaction will be compared between the groups.

This clinical trial studies positron emission tomography (PET) imaging utilizing 18F-(2S,4R)4-fluoroglutamine, a glutamic acid derivative, to image patients with malignant tumor. [18F]Fluoroglutamine PET may provide additional information that help diagnose and stage cancer patients.

This study aims to investigate the association between hyperlactatemia and neurological disability, length-of-stay and mortality in patients who undergo tumorcraniotomy. The risk factors that induce lactat accumulation will also be explored.

MIRNA is a prospective multi-center observational study designed to explore 762 plasma microRNAs in patients with malignant CNS tumours: 60 primary glioblastoma (GBM), 20 primary CNS lymphomas and 40 brain metastases in an attempt to establish plasma microRNA signatures specific to GBM capable of distinguishing them from malignant non-glial brain tumours. 20 patients with cerebral stroke and 20 healthy volunteers will also participate in the study, and for each patient, a panel of 762 microRNAs will be screened in plasma.

This is a monocentric, open label, randomized Phase II study in patients with brain metastasis from melanoma, lung or breast cancer, who require treatment with high-dose dexamethasone, as defined as a minimum of 8 mg daily based on the clinician judgment, for at least three weeks, with or without radiation therapy. The aim is to investigate the metformin efficacy in preventing the onset of glucocorticoid-induced diabetes and other metabolic perturbations in patients with brain metastases from melanoma, lung or breast cancer.

Recent research indicates that variability in cognitive function for brain tumor survivors may be explained by differences in cognitive reserve (CR) and use of compensatory strategies.However, it is unknown when cognitive function declines or survivors tap into compensation. This longitudinal mixed methods study proposes to explore differences in cognitive function and change over time in newly diagnosed adults with brain cancer prior to, immediately after (within 2 weeks), and 2-3 months after radiation therapy treatment has been completed. Specific aims are to: Aim1: Examine the relationship between objective and subjective cognitive function in subjects newly diagnosed with brain cancer prior to and after XRT. Aim 2: Explore the interrelationship between cognitive function and compensation (neural and behavioral) by high/low CR prior to and after XRT. Aim 3: Describe the trajectory of objective and subjective cognitive function over time by CR, cancer type, and associated treatment-related factors.

The purpose of this study is to collect and bank samples of blood and tissues (such as brain tissue or lymph nodes), as well as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is the fluid that bathes and cushions the spinal cord. The investigator will analyze DNA biomarkers in the samples. The investigator hopes that by studying the biomarkers, he can develop tests in the future that can detect central nervous system (CNS) metastasis in blood samples before they show up on x-ray and develop medicines that can specifically target CNS metastasis.

Autologous stem cell rescue is an established therapy in high risk neuroblastoma and relapsed Hodgkin's lymphoma and an experimental therapy in some other solid and brain tumors to facilitate the use of very intense chemotherapy beyond bone marrow tolerance. It is usually tolerated with acceptable toxicity and graft failure is practically not existent. But whereas immune reconstitution in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) setting is widely studied, the investigators have no comprehensive data available in the autologous setting regarding recovery of the innate and adaptive immune system. However, observations in patients with autoimmune disease undergoing autologous HSCT suggest not an exact recovery of the patient's pre-transplant immune system but some re-education during reconstitution of immune function. Also, recent developments of cancer-directed immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies and immunocytokines rely on activity of the patient's own immune system via complement-mediated or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. These novel therapies are given either with or shortly after conventional chemotherapy. To find the optimal time point for administration of immunotherapy, it is important to know how and when immune effector cells recover after conventional myelosuppressive and/or immunosuppressive chemotherapy which are used in Induction regimens. Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital want to study the research participant's immune profile once prior and at multiple set time points after autologous stem cell infusion during the recovery process. In a subset of participants the investigators want to study the recovery of lymphocyte subsets and function after one course of conventional chemotherapy preceding the high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant. That way the investigators hope to learn about the pace and order of recovery and the functional capacity of different compartments of the immune system during reconstitution.