Active clinical trials for "Brain Neoplasms"

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the survival benefit of local therapy combination with target therapy in lung cancer brain metastases with EGFR mutation. The main questions it aims to answer are: Is local therapy performed before or after target therapy would provide survival benefit ? What kind of local therapy combining with target therapy would provide survival benefit, neurosurgical resection or radiotherapy?

The goal of this observational study is to evaluate disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with malignant gliomas undergoing neurosurgical procedures using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-based photodynamic therapy

Recent advances in technology have allowed for the detection of cell-free DNA (cfDNA). cfDNA is tumor DNA that can be found in the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord (called cerebrospinal fluid or CSF) and in the blood of patients with brain tumors. The detection of cfDNA in blood and CSF is known as a "liquid biopsy" and is non-invasive, meaning it does not require a surgery or biopsy of tumor tissue. Multiple studies in other cancer types have shown that cfDNA can be used for diagnosis, to monitor disease response to treatment, and to understand the genetic changes that occur in brain tumors over time. Study doctors hope that by studying these tests in pediatric brain tumor patients, they will be able to use liquid biopsy in place of tests that have more risks for patients, like surgery. There is no treatment provided on this study. Patients who have CSF samples taken as part of regular care will be asked to provide extra samples for this study. The study doctor will collect a minimum of one extra tube of CSF (about 1 teaspoon or 5 mL) for this study. If the patients doctor thinks it is safe, up to 2 tubes of CSF (about 4 teaspoons or up to 20 mL) may be collected. CSF will be collected through the indwelling catheter device or through a needle inserted into the lower part of the patient's spine (known as a spinal tap or lumbar puncture). A required blood sample (about ½ a teaspoon or 2 3 mL) will be collected once at the start of the study. This sample will be used to help determine changes found in the CSF. Blood will be collected from the patient's central line or arm as a part of regular care. An optional tumor tissue if obtained within 8 weeks of CSF collection will be collected if available. Similarities between changes in the DNA of the tissue that has caused the tumor to form and grow with the cfDNA from CSF will be compared. This will help understand if CSF can be used instead of tumor tissue for diagnosis. Up to 300 people will take part in this study. This study will use genetic tests that may identify changes in the genes in the CSF. The report of the somatic mutations (the mutations that are found in the tumor only) will become part of the medical record. The results of the cfDNA sequencing will be shared with the patient. The study doctor will discuss what the results mean for the patient and patient's diagnosis and treatment. There will not be any germline sequencing results reported and these will not be disclosed to the patient, patient's clinician or be recorded in patient medical record. Patient may be monitored on this study for up to 5 years.

The purpose of this study is to determine wether cobimetinib + vemurafenib combination treatment is effective in the treatment of BRAFV600-mutated melanoma patients with brain metastasis

Although mannitol is used for brain relaxation during neurosurgery and in the treatment of raised intracranial pressure; there is not a consensus on its safe and effective dose, the duration of its administration and its use in combination with loop diuretics. This study aimed to compare the effects of the mannitol alone and in combination with furosemide in different doses, on the brain relaxation, electrolyte, lactate levels of the blood, peroperative fluid balance and the volume of the urine in supratentorial mass resection surgeries. This prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study included fifty one patients (ASA I-III) scheduled for elective supratentorial mass resection surgery. The patients were randomized into three groups for investigation of the effects of mannitol alone and in combination with furosemide in different doses. Blood sodium, potassium, chlorine, lactate, urine and osmolarity levels were recorded. The brain relaxation score (BRS) was evaluated twice by the surgeon using a 4 point scale (1=very good, 2=good, 3=bad, 4=very bad); at dura opening, and 30 minutes after the administration of the study drug.

The primary goal of this research study is to determine the efficacy of giving pre-operative radiosurgery to patients pending resection of a brain metastasis.

This phase 2 trial evaluates how well pegylated irinotecan (NKTR-102) works in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), or breast cancer (mBC) that has spread to the brain and does not respond to treatment. Pegylated irinotecan may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sugammadex in reversing profound neuromuscular block induced by rocuronium in infant patients

The aim of this study is to explore the efficacy of 18F-FSPG in the detection of primary or metastatic brain cancer lesions confirmed by a standard of truth, preferably histology. This is a single center, open labelled, non-randomized study. A total of 30 subjects with brain tumor or brain metastases will be enrolled. All different stages of malignancies will be recruited, including those with different types of pathologies and grades, and newly diagnosed or recurrent disease.

This is a first-in-children phase 1 trial using indoximod, an inhibitor of the immune "checkpoint" pathway indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), in combination with temozolomide-based therapy to treat pediatric brain tumors. Using a preclinical glioblastoma model, it was recently shown that adding IDO-blocking drugs to temozolomide plus radiation significantly enhanced survival by driving a vigorous, tumordirected inflammatory response. This data provided the rationale for the companion adult phase 1 trial using indoximod (IND#120813) plus temozolomide to treat adults with glioblastoma, which is currently open (NCT02052648). The goal of this pediatric study is to bring IDO-based immunotherapy into the clinic for children with brain tumors. This study will provide a foundation for future pediatric trials testing indoximod combined with radiation and temozolomide in the up-front setting for patients with newly diagnosed central nervous system tumors.