Active clinical trials for "Cerebrovascular Disorders"

There is a sharp rise in the rate of coronary heart disease diagnoses and chest pain consultations in the 90 days before a first heart attack. There is some evidence that chest pain and angina symptoms in this period have a beneficial effect on heart attack outcomes in hospital and shortly after discharge. However, the available evidence is lacking in three key areas. First it is based on a retrospective patient report of symptoms after the heart attack has occurred; this means that patients are required to survive their heart attack and may make errors when reporting prior symptoms. Second, evidence for an effect on longer term outcomes, and coronary outcomes in particular (e.g. coronary death, further heart attacks) are unknown. Third, there is conflicting evidence that these effects might differ by age, in men and women, and according to treatment in hospital. The investigators hope to address the limitations in the evidence by performing a large, prospective study of the occurrence, timing and effect of different types of symptoms and disease diagnoses occurring before heart attack. The investigators hypothesise that prospectively collected, clinical measures of chest pain symptoms and cardiovascular diagnoses in primary care will have a beneficial effect on short term coronary mortality and may have a beneficial effect on longer term coronary outcomes.

Introduction: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is associated with age-related disabilities including dementia, depression, physical and functional impairment. Chinese are more prone to developing SVD than Caucasians. Physical exercise may improve multiple negative consequences associated with SVD. Objective and hypothesis to be tested: To examine the effects of a 24-week structured aerobic dance training on cognition, mood, physical and daily functions in stroke and dementia free older adults with SVD, and whether such effects are mediated through improved cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVR), a marker of cerebral autoregulation which is impaired in SVD. Design and subjects: Rater-blind RCT comparing the effects of 24-week of structured aerobic dance training upon cognition, mood, physical and daily functions on 110 community dwelling, stroke- and dementia-free persons aged ≥65 with MRI evidence of significant SVD, defined as the presence of multiple (≥2) lacunes and/or early confluent or confluent WML. Interventions: Participants are randomized in a 1:1 ratio into a 24-week of structured therapist-led group aerobic dance training with home practice or simple stretching plus health education control group. Main outcome measures: Cognition, mood, physical and daily functions and CVR measured using Transcranial Doppler at baseline, weeks 12, 24 and 36. Data analysis: Intent-to-treat with multiple imputations with treatment efficacy analyzed using mixed effects models. Mediation effects of CVR between aerobic dance training and treatment outcomes tested using mediation models. Expected results: In persons with significant SVD, aerobic dance training improves cognitive, mood, physical and daily functions and such effects are mediated by changes in CVR.

To conduct a prospective study aimed at the early detection and treatment of cerebral vascular disease prior to irreversible brain injury in young children with sickle cell anemia (SCA).

This study aims to investigate the frequency of personalized nutrition counseling's effect on individual cardiovascular risk factors. The study collected 110 to 150 cases data, including a regular blood test, blood glucose, blood lipid, liver panel, and inflammatory factors. The enrolled cases were classified into two groups according to the subjects' duration of consultation: those who completed the consultation and subsequent tests in >24 weeks were in the control group, whereas those who completed the consultation and subsequent tests in <24 weeks were in the test group. The effectiveness of nutrition consultation toward managing cardiovascular disease risk factors and its correlation with the subjects' frequency of following the consultations was analyzed using the pre- and post-consultation data. It was found that personalized nutrition consultation significantly improved the subjects' risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, and that the treatment group showed a greater improvement than the control group which who require over 24 weeks to complete all consultation sessions.

This study will characterize the gene response of the body's immune and inflammatory cells to stroke. There is a wide variation in stroke risk, stroke outcome, and response to clot-busting therapy for stroke. This variation may be due to differences in people's response to injury or infection, or to differences in genetic make-up between individuals. Genes store the biological information that determines the body's response to injury or infection. This study will analyze the activity of a large number of genes to try to learn which genes might be related to patient outcome. This, in turn, may lead to an understanding of which gene profiles are related to increased stroke risk and increased disability or death. Healthy volunteers over age 21 and stroke patients over age 21 who are admitted to the NIH Stroke Program at Suburban Hospital in Bethesda, Md., may be eligible for this study. Volunteers will be screened with a medical history, blood pressure and pulse measurements, electrocardiogram, and neurological examination. Participants will have 20 to 35 milliliters (about an ounce) of blood drawn for genetic studies. The genetic material will be extracted from the white blood cells and analyzed for normal and abnormal gene activity related to stroke. ...

To assess the relationship of community socioeconomic (SE) structure to cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality trends in the United States.

To use transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound to detect stroke risk in children with sickle cell disease.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Delay Alternating with Nutation for Tailored Excitation (DANTE) SPACE sequence in clinical studies to determine whether it can provide more useful information for clinical diagnosis. Participants: 100 participants with concern for intracranial vascular disease scheduled to undergo a clinical vessel wall MRI will be recruited. Procedures (methods): Patients with concern for intracranial vascular disease scheduled to undergo a clinical vessel wall MRI who will have an additional non-FDA approved sequence (DANTE SPACE) added to their clinical scan. The investigational sequence requires less than 15 minutes and will be added following the standard MRI sequence.

To Determine whether transcranial ultrasound can detect the presence of intravenously injected microbubbles used routinely for dobutamine stress echocardiography.

This study will evaluate a complex intervention based on a patient management tool (PMT), combined with educational outreach to primary care doctors, nurses and other health workers, in the Brazilian city of Florianopolis. The intervention is aimed at improving the quality of primary health care and health outcomes, in adults with diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The effectiveness of the intervention will be assessed by randomly allocating 48 primary care clinics to receive the intervention or not, and comparing patient and clinic level endpoints that reflect the health and quality of care provided over the following year. About 11000 patients known to have been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and 32000 with CVD (defined as having a diagnosis of hypertension, ischemic heart disease, heart failure or cerebrovascular disease) in participating clinics will be included in the study. About 7800 of them have diagnoses of both CVD and stroke. The primary endpoints will be 1. Number of participants in whom at least one of the following tests was recorded: body mass index, plasma glucose, serum cholesterol, electrocardiogram, and 2. in participants with a diagnosis of hypertension recorded previously, average systolic blood pressure recorded. Secondary endpoints will include the individual components of the composite scores, health measures (hospital admissions and deaths), and indicators of appropriate diagnosis of comorbid conditions such as depression. Eligible patients will be identified and outcomes measured using electronic medical records.