Active clinical trials for "Dyspnea"

This study examines the pharmacokinetic profile of Armstrong's proposed Epinephrine Inhalation Aerosol USP, an HFA-MDI (E004), using a stable isotope deuterium-labeled epinephrine (epinephrine-d3) to differentiate the administered drug from the endogenous epinephrine, in healthy male and female adult volunteers. The current study is designed for a more thorough evaluation of the E004 Pharmacokinetics. Safety of E004 will also be evaluated, under augmented dose conditions.

Beta-endorphins, which are naturally occurring narcotic substances, have been shown to alter the perception of breathlessness. Oral ketoconazole, an antifungal antibiotic, increases blood levels of beta-endorphins. The study hypothesis is that oral ketoconazole will reduce ratings of breathlessness induced by resistive breathing loads.

The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical characteristics and hemodynamic profiles that predict exercise induced pulmonary hypertension in 15 patients with systemic sclerosis. The study also aims to determine the effectiveness of Ambrisentan for subjects with exercise induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) with scleroderma

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious complication of COPD which is associated with shorter survival, more frequent exacerbation, and increased use of health resources. There is no effective pharmacological treatment for COPD-associated PH. Therefore, the investigators wanted to evaluate the effect of udenafil, a phosphodiesterase- 5 (PDE-5) inhibitor, on exercise capacity of severe COPD patients.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis, is the fourth most common cause of death and the second leading cause of disability in the United States. COPD is estimated to be responsible for more than 13.4 million physician visits and 13% of hospitalizations nationally. These hospitalizations are usually caused by acute exacerbations characterized by an increase in symptoms including dyspnea or shortness of breath (SOB), cough, wheezing, and sputum production. The significant disability for people with COPD is primarily due to the symptom of dyspnea (shortness of breath) that affects an individual's quality of life more than does the physiological impairment. Despite optimal medical and pharmacological therapy, most people with COPD continue to suffer from chronic and progressive dyspnea and other symptoms of cough and fatigue. We have previously shown that an individualized face-to-face dyspnea self-management program was effective in improving dyspnea with activities of daily living (ADL), physical functioning, and self-efficacy for managing dyspnea. Using an experimental longitudinal design, the i-DSMP will be compared to the Face-to-Face Dyspnea Self-Management Program (f-DSMP) and to an Attention Control (AC) intervention

"Dyspnea" refers to the awareness of breathing discomfort that is typically experienced during exercise in health and disease. In various participant populations, dyspnea is a predictor of disability and death; and contributes to exercise intolerance and an adverse health-related quality-of-life. It follows that alleviating dyspnea and improving exercise tolerance are among the principal goals of disease management. Nevertheless, the effective management of dyspnea and activity-limitation remains an elusive goal for many healthcare providers and current strategies aimed at reversing the underlying chronic disease are only partially successful in this regard. Thus, research aimed at identifying dyspnea-specific medications to complement existing therapies for the management of exertional symptoms is timely and clinically relevant. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that single-dose inhalation of nebulized ondansetron (a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist) will improve the perception of dyspnea during strenuous exercise in health, young men. To this end, the investigators will compare the effects of inhaled 0.9% saline placebo and inhaled ondansetron (8 mg) on detailed assessments of neural respiratory drive (diaphragm EMG), ventilation, breathing pattern, dynamic operating lung volumes, contractile respiratory muscle function, cardio-metabolic function and dyspnea (sensory intensity and affective responses) during symptom-limited, high-intensity, constant-work-rate cycle exercise testing in healthy, men aged 20-40 years.

"Dyspnea" refers to the awareness of breathing discomfort that is typically experienced during exercise in health and disease. In various participant populations, dyspnea is a predictor of disability and death; and contributes to exercise intolerance and an adverse health-related quality-of-life. It follows that alleviating dyspnea and improving exercise tolerance are among the principal goals of disease management. Nevertheless, the effective management of dyspnea and activity-limitation remains an elusive goal for many healthcare providers and current strategies aimed at reversing the underlying chronic disease are only partially successful in this regard. Thus, research aimed at identifying dyspnea-specific medications to complement existing therapies for the management of exertional symptoms is timely and clinically relevant. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that single-dose inhalation of fentanyl citrate (a mu-opioid receptor antagonist) will improve the perception of dyspnea during strenuous exercise in healthy, young men in the presence of an external thoracic restriction. To this end, the investigators plan compare the effects of inhaled 0.9% saline placebo and inhaled fentanyl citrate (250 mcg) on detailed assessments of neural respiratory drive (diaphragm EMG), ventilation, breathing pattern, dynamic operating lung volumes, contractile respiratory muscle function, cardio-metabolic function and dyspnea (sensory intensity and affective responses) during symptom-limited, high-intensity, constant-work-rate cycle exercise testing with and without external thoracic restriction in healthy, men aged 20-40 years.

CTOs are common among patients with angina, and are detected in around 20% of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Treatment of CTO has been found to constitute only 7% of PCI practice on average. One of the reasons for the under-presentation of CTOs in PCI target lesions is the lack of evidence-based medical data on treatment indications, and the continued low level of accepted evidence for the treatment of CTOs by PCI in PCI guidelines. Patients with a CTO represent patients with stable coronary artery disease. The COURAGE trial comparing PCI with optimal medical therapy in stable coronary disease did not show a difference in mortality or myocardial infarction between the two treatment options. However, CTOs were not included in the COURAGE trial. But that trial did confirm the superiority of PCI over OMT in controlling symptoms of angina, with a high cross-over rate to PCI. Whether PCI for CTO is superior to OMT in reducing MACE in those patients with a large ischaemic burden has never been tested in a randomized controlled trial. While there is compelling evidence from registry studies of a clinical and prognostic benefit following successful PCI of CTO compared with PCI failure, there has been no randomized controlled trial of contemporary PCI using drug-eluting stents versus optimal medical therapy. The COURAGE trial nuclear sub-study confirms both that prognosis is closely related to the extent of residual ischaemia and that PCI is more effective in reducing residual ischaemia than optimal medical therapy alone. This confirms earlier retrospective data suggesting that the benefit of PCI is greatest in patients with moderate (10-20%) or severe (>20%) ischaemia. Study hypothesis: PCI with Biolimus eluting stent implantation plus OMT will be superior to OMT alone in improving health status at 12-month follow-up, and will be noninferior with respect to the composite of all cause death/ non fatal MI at 36-month follow up, in patients with a CTO in an epicardial coronary artery >2.5 mm diameter and chronic stable angina with evidence of ischemia and viability in the territory subtended by the CTO

The primary objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of tiotropium + olodaterol fixed dose combination (FDC) compared to tiotropium monotherapy on the intensity of breathlessness during the 3min constant speed shuttle test (CSST). A secondary objective is to explore the relationship between reductions in breathlessness during the 3min CSST and reductions in breathlessness during activities of everyday living as measured by the dyspnea domain of the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) following bronchodilator therapy.

The proposed research study will be a prospective observational study designed to validate the Canadian Triage Assessment Scale (CTAS) in regard to work of breathing in patients in the emergency department. The investigators will assess inter-rater agreement between nurses & emergency physicians for assessment of work of breathing.