Active clinical trials for "Dyspnea"

The purpose of this study is to evaluate dyspnea improvement and other parameters of efficacy and safety in acute heart failure (AHF) patients receiving an intravenous (IV) infusion of clevidipine in comparison to standard of care (SOC) and placebo.

To improve the safety of diagnosis and therapy for a set of conditions and undifferentiated symptoms for hospitalized patients, the investigators will employ a set of methods and tools from the disciplines of systems engineering, human factors, quality improvement,and data analytics to thoroughly analyze the problem, design and develop potential solutions that leverage existing current technological infrastructure, and implement and evaluate the final interventions. The investigators will engage the interdisciplinary care team and patient (or their caregivers) to ensure treatment trajectories match the anticipated course for working diagnoses (or symptoms), and whether they are in line with patient and clinician expectations. The investigators will use an Interrupted time series (ITS) design to assess impact on diagnostic errors that lead to patient harm. The investigators will perform quantitative and qualitative evaluations using implementation science principles to understand if the interventions worked, and why or why not.

Diagnostic uncertainty in patients with complaints of shortness of breath presenting to the Emergency Department of a hospital may delay treatment and proper care. In patients with shortness of breath due to heart failure increased plasma levels of NT-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) can be demonstrated. The use of NT-proBNP as a biomarker for heart failure in patients presenting to the emergency department with dyspnea might improve care and reduce length of hospital stay. To investigate the effect of NT-proBNP testing on patient care and time to discharge the NT-proBNP test will be randomized. In patients in the study group, the NT-proBNP plasma level is determined at admission and the physician in charge will immediately receive the result of the test. In patients in the control group blood will be sampled but the physician will recieve no information on the NT-proBNP plasma level. In our study we will investigate the effect of introduction of NT-proBNP as biomarker for heart failure on treatment, time to discharge and costs.

Cost-effective management of heart failure and pulmonary disease is of paramount importance. Unfortunately, the rapid and accurate differentiation of heart failure from other causes of dyspnea in private practice is challenging. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are significantly higher in patients with congestive heart failure as compared to patients with dyspnea due to other causes. As a simple, non-expensive assay easily applicable in private practice is available, rapid measurement of BNP might be very helpful in establishing or excluding the diagnosis of heart failure in patients presenting with acute dyspnea in private practice. The aim is to test the hypothesis that a BNP guided diagnostic strategy would improve the evaluation and management of patients presenting with acute dyspnea to physicians in private practice and thereby reduce total cost of diagnosis and treatment. The primary endpoint is total medical cost within 3 months.

The objective of this project is to assess the effects of a 2-month cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program on cardiorespiratory fitness in long COVID19 patients. Quality of life, functional capacity, functional respiratory capacity, inflammatory profile, coagulation markers, cognitive functions and brain O2 saturation will also be assessed before and after the exercise rehabilitation program.

Background : Dyspnea is common and severely impact mechanically ventilated patients outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU). Recognize, measure and treat dyspnea have become current major therapeutic challenge. Its measurement involves a self-assessment by the patient, and by definition, a certain level of communication. Consequently, a large proportion of the ICU-population (non-communicating) misses its evaluation and potential benefits associated with its control. In other hand, electrophysiological markers that help to detect and quantify dyspnea regardless of the patient's cooperation, has been developed and validated as dyspnea surrogate, namely: 1) the electromyographic (EMG) activity of extra diaphragmatic inspiratory muscles and 2) the premotor inspiratory potentials (PIP) detected on the electroencephalogram (EEG). Because of its complex implementation in daily practice the research team has developed alternatively a behavioral score called IC-RDOS that provides reliable dyspnea assessment also without patient participation. Validated in conscious patients, it has not been yet validated in non-communicating patients. Hypothesis : The IC-RDOS is valid for non-communicating ventilated patients and allows a simple and reliable assessment of dyspnea in this specific population. Objective : To validate the IC-RDOS in non-communicating ICU patients under mechanical ventilation, using comparison with the tools validated for reliable measure of dyspnea in non-communicating patients (EMG, EEG). Patients and Methods: In 40 patients will be collected simultaneously IC-RDOS, PIP (EEG) and electromyographic activity of three extra diaphragmatic inspiratory muscles (scalene, parasternal and Alae nasi) before and after intervention therapy aiming at reduce dyspnea (ventilator settings or pharmacological intervention), initiated by the clinician in charge of the patient. Expected results : Observe a strong positive correlation between the IC-RDOS and electrophysiological markers (amplitude of the electromyogram and presence and magnitude of PIP). Observe a correlation between changes in the IC-RDOS and the electrophysiological markers after therapeutic interventions. Optimizing patient comfort is a prominent concern in the ICU. By optimizing the detection and quantification of dyspnea in non-communicating patients, this study should ultimately improve the management and "the better living" of ventilated patients in intensive care

Breathlessness, the sensation of breathing discomfort, is a major problem in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Breathlessness that persists despite optimal management of the underlying disease(s) is said to be refractory. Preliminary evidence suggests that a small, regular dose of morphine helps to reduce safely the sensation of breathlessness. However, this research on morphine for breathlessness has not defined the best way to adjust the dose of the medication, or refined which people are most likely to have benefit, no response or side effects. This is a randomized, double-blind phase III trial in people with COPD and significant refractory breathlessness, which will explore several important questions: Are regular, low dose opioids (morphine) at four possible doses over 3 weeks more effective than placebo medication (containing no active ingredient) at improving breathlessness? Does the medication have any effect on daily activity, breathlessness, and quality of life? What are the common side effects of this intervention? Does the benefit from the drug outweigh the side effects it produces? Are there specific characteristics of people who are more likely to receive benefit from sustained release morphine? Participants will be allocated to receive three weeks of morphine sulfate (and laxative, docusate with senna), or placebo (and placebo laxative). The dose of morphine may be increased each week for weeks two and three. All medicines will appear the same (blinded) and neither the doctor nor the participant will know which medication the participant is receiving. Participants will have a medical interview, physical examination to collect some general health information, and baseline measurements including; daily activity, symptoms, and quality of life. A small amount of blood may be required to check eligibility. Further blood samples may be taken at week 1 and 3 to enable testing on how individuals respond to opioids, further consent will be obtained for these samples. Data on benefits, side effects, and medical care will be collected during comprehensive weekly visits. Participants will also fill out a simple diary twice daily for weeks one to three of the study, and for one day each week during an optional 3 month extension stage. The outcome of this study may enable better management of symptoms and activity in people COPD with medicines that are shown to be effective and safe.

Heart failure (HF) is a disease that is caused by a reduced heart muscle function. Reduced heart muscle function can occur as a consequence of reduced pumping activity from a weak heart muscle or because of a stiff heart muscle. This study is looking at the effectiveness of Natrecor (nesiritide) in patients that require hospitalization due to worsening heart failure as a result of a stiff or thickened heart muscle. Natrecor is a man-made version of a protein that my body makes on its own and has been approved for the treatment of patients requiring hospital admission for heart failure and have shortness of breath at rest or with minimal activity. Natrecor has shown to lower the pressures in the heart and decreases the congestion in the lungs. This study is being done to see if the addition of a Natrecor to standard medical therapy for HF will improve symptoms faster or more completely than giving only the standard treatment for CHF.

Limitation of expiratory flows is considered as the main determiner of dynamic distension and dyspnoea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The analysis of proximal and distal resistances should allow to better appreciate the functional impact. This study should also allow to specify the best parameters in respiratory functional explorations useful for the follow-up in COPD and to specify the relevance of functional indications other than the forced expiration volume at 1 second (FEV1) or the functional residual capacity (FRC) to estimate in a more relevant way the clinical improve with the increase of the therapeutic load (increase of posology, association of two bronchodilatators, addition of an anti-inflammatory drug, thus etc…) at already handled patients suffering from a persistent dyspnoea insufficiently relieved.

Estimate the predictive value of POCUS in diagnosis of different causes of acute dyspnea in hemodialysis patients and compare between POCUS and CT in differentiation the causes of acute dyspnea in those population.