Active clinical trials for "Bronchiolitis"

The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of nasal broadband glasses HFNC (High Flow Nasal Cannula) in the initial management of severe bronchiolitis in infants admitted in ICU. Nasal HFNC can deliver warmed humidified gas through a nasal interface, greatly improving the safety and efficacy of administering O2. This device generates a continuous positive pressure in the airways, to reduce the work of breathing. The sealing absence of the HFNC at the nasal interface improves patient comfort and avoiding nasal trauma.

Home oxygen therapy is considered an appropriate and relatively safe option for children with chronic respiratory problems such as chronic lung disease of prematurity, but the use of home oxygen therapy for children with acute respiratory problems is limited. With the recent establishment of a "Hospital in The Home" (HiTH) program at our institution, we sought to determine the safety, parental satisfaction and economic advantage of home oxygen therapy for children with acute bronchiolitis compared with traditional inpatient hospitalization.

to assess the efficacy of inhaled furosemide in mustard gas exposed patients with acute respiratory failure

This exploratory intervention feasibility study aims to evaluate the use of a novel mode of ventilation known as Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis. The main aims are: To determine whether an optimal combination of NAVA support level and Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) exists that can: maximise aspects of respiratory muscle unloading and minimize air trapping To evaluate the impact of two morphine infusion doses on comfort levels and respiratory drive (standard = 20mcg/kg/hr, low = 5mcg/kg/hr) during ventilation titration. Patients will act as their own control and will be randomly allocated to receive either standard or low dose morphine. They will receive the alternate dose on day 2. During each period of morphine dosing ventilation levels will be titrated and vital signs, respiratory parameters and comfort b scales will be recorded.

to assess the effectiveness of helium:oxygen mixture adjunct with non-invasive ventilation in sulfur mustard exposed patients with acute decompensation

In infancy, bronchiolitis is the most common acute infection of the lower respiratory Tract. The current treatment of bronchiolitis is controversial. Bronchodilators and corticosteroids are widely used but not routinely recommended. Hypertonic saline is currently the only drug recommended by the Spanish Association of Pediatrics in treatment guidelines. The purpose of this study is quantify whether epinephrine, dexamethasone, and hypertonic saline are effective to decrease the rate of hospital admissions at seven day, also verify adverse effects in patients submitted.

Bronchiolitis is a respiratory illness characterized by acute inflammation of the airways, typically caused by a virus. By definition, it impacts children between 2 months and 2 years of age and is the most common cause of hospitalization among infants in the first year of life (American Academy of Pediatrics). Children with this illness may exhibit respiratory distress, as well as symptoms of viral respiratory illness, such as sneezing, nasal congestion, and cough. Often, hospitalization is required for respiratory distress and to support hydration needs. Evidence based guidelines for the treatment of acute viral bronchiolitis primarily involve supportive care, which most often includes supplemental oxygen, hydration, and suctioning of secretions. However, in practice, bronchiolitis care is highly variable, often involving therapies such as inhaled bronchodilators, systemic corticosteroids, inhaled hypertonic saline, continuous pulse oximetry, chest physiotherapy, antibacterial medications, and use of intravenous fluids, all of which have been shown to be unnecessary and costly. Unnecessary care remains although multiple published quality improvement studies centered on acute bronchiolitis have proven successful. Quality improvement interventions have shown reduced use of unnecessary treatments and reduced resource allocation. Therefore, the investigators will conduct a quality improvement process to improve adherence to bronchiolitis treatment guidelines for children with bronchiolitis treated at University of California Davis Children's Hospital.

Bronchiolitis is a lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) syndrome cause by different types of viruses and occurs in young children. Although bronchiolitis is a widespread and fairly common illness in children, pediatricians vary significantly in how it is treated. This includes how children are monitored for their oxygen status when not receiving supplemental oxygen. Studies suggest that continuous pulse oximetry measurement of children admitted to the hospital with bronchiolitis regardless of use of supplemental oxygen prolongs their hospital stay. This increases the cost of care for these patients and increases their risk of hospital-associated complications. This study is a randomized trial of continuous pulse oximeter use in patients admitted with bronchiolitis versus transitioning patients not requiring oxygen to intermittent pulse oximetry monitoring. The investigators hypothesize that this will decrease length of stay as well as associated costs of care and number of medical interventions performed in the hospital.

to assess the effect of Heliox with Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation to decrease dyspnea and improve physiologic and respiratory measures in patients with a previous exposure to Sulfur Mustard gas.

This study evaluates the value of routine follow-up with a child's pediatrician after hospitalization for bronchiolitis. Parents of half of participants will be instructed to follow-up with the child's pediatrician regardless of symptom resolution, while the other half will be instructed to follow-up on an as-needed basis (only if the child worsens, doesn't improve, or other concerns develop).