Active clinical trials for "Liver Neoplasms"

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading death cancer in the world. It is important to explore a safe and effective therapy for early-stage HCC. Previous studies reported that radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has higher efficacy and is associated with fewer complications and shorter hospital stays than hepatic resection (HR) for early-stage HCC. However, meta-analysis and systematic review found that RFA is associated with higher recurrence rate and lower long-term overall survival.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is widely used for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the hypoxia caused by TACE in surviving tumor cell leads to release of angiogenic and growth factors contributing to poor outcome. Sorafenib can block tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. The hypothesis is that patients with unresectable HCC may benefit from sorafenib in combination with TACE.

The efficiency of T cell based immunotherapies is affected by the insufficient migration and activity of tumor specific effector T cells in the tumor. Aim of this phase I/II clinical trial is to evaluate whether a neoadjuvant, low dose radiotherapy can improve T cell connected anti tumor immune response in colorectal liver metastases. The primary endpoint is the number of tumor infiltrating T cells. Furthermore the T cell activity in situ, the number of regulatory T cells and the frequency of tumor reactive T cells in the blood and bone marrow will be examined.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of sorafenib in combination with low dose cisplatin /fluorouracil hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to evaluated the advantages of routine application of the anterior approach in patients scheduled to right hepatectomy or extended right hepatectomy, without infiltration of segment 1, inferior vena cava or main bile duct.

The objectives for this study include: Testing a unique way of imaging people with colorectal cancer and other cancers that has spread to the liver using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Seeing if the MRI process can be used across multiple imaging platforms; Determining whether the results of the imaging can be reproduced; Reviewing how MRI results relate to cancer response to combination therapy and to clinical endpoints.

Background: Researchers are trying to learn what causes certain types of cancer to spread to other organs in the body (metastasis). Cancer tumors may produce a very small number of specific cells (cancer stem cells) that cause the tumors to grow in other organs throughout the body. By examining cancer tumor tissue, normal tissue, blood, bone marrow, and other body fluids, researchers may determine whether these samples contain cancer stem cells. Cancer stem cells may provide information on whether the cancer will come back or spread before other routine x-ray studies or lab tests indicate its presence. Objectives: To acquire a collection of solid organ cancer stem cells for future study. To analyze solid organ cancer stem cells from various types of cancer on a genetic level. To determine if solid organ cancer stem cells are present in the blood or bone marrow. Eligibility: Patients 16 years of age and older who have solid organ cancer (cancer in the liver, colon, rectum, anus, pancreas, stomach, breast, skin, muscles, fat, connective tissue, uterus, ovary, cervix, vagina, vulva, or inner lining of the abdomen) or a precancerous growth, and who are scheduled to have a biopsy or surgery to remove the cancer as part of their treatment. Design: This is a prospective trial designed to procure solid organ cancer stem cells before either surgery or biopsy. All patients registered to this trial will undergo surgery to extirpate their cancer in the NCI Prior to surgery or biopsy, 8 tablespoons of blood will be drawn. During the surgery or biopsy, a sample of normal tissue will be removed along with the cancerous or precancerous tissue. If separate consent is given, samples of bone marrow will also be taken. After discharge, patients will return to the clinic for routine visits every month for the first 3 months following surgery, and then about every 3 months for 2 years, and then every 6 months for 3 years. During the visits, patients will have routine blood and imaging studies done, and researchers will take additional blood samples (about 8 tablespoons at each visit) and optional bone marrow samples (4 teaspoons every 6 months) to be used for research.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential for visualizing radiofrequency-induced (RFA) and microwave-induced (MWA) hepatic thermal ablation lesions using a novel, high resolution, and freehand ultrasound elasticity imaging method in human subjects.

Study Hypothesis • As well as in animal models as in patients with colorectal cancer resection of the primary tumor resulted in increase in vascular density, metabolism and secondary tumor growth of the distant metastases. These data strongly suggest an inhibitory effect of the primary tumor on the outgrowth of its metastases. In this study we investigate whether pre-operative treatment with the anti-angiogenic agent bevacizumab and/or chemotherapy before resection of the primary colorectal tumor shifts the balance between angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in favor of the anti-angiogenic factors and results in reduced growth of the liver metastases. Eligibility Histological proven colorectal cancer without signs of bowel obstruction or bleeding Synchronous liver metastases WHO performance status 0-1 Treatment Arm A: immediate surgery of the primary colorectal tumor, no neoadjuvant therapy Arm B: neoadjuvant treatment with bevacizumab during 7 weeks prior to surgery of the colorectal primary Arm C: neoadjuvant treatment with CAPOX during 7 weeks prior to surgery of the colorectal primary Arm D: neoadjuvant treatment with bevacizumab and CAPOX during 7 weeks prior to surgery of the colorectal primary Primary endpoint Difference in response of liver metastases to resection of the primary tumor between the experimental groups and the control group, as determined by histopathological scoring of vascular density, apoptotic and mitotic index and by measurement of the metabolic activity of liver metastases by FDG-PET and SUV measurements. Secondary endpoints Toxicity of neo-adjuvant treatment Complications of surgery

The primary aim for this trial is to assess whether the RFA aspirator device is safe and of clinical benefit in patients with primary or secondary malignant liver tumours