Active clinical trials for "Rectal Neoplasms"

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of additional neoadjuvant chemotherapy with capecitabine during the resting periods in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

This clinical trial studies adherence to survivorship care guidelines in health care providers for non-small cell lung cancer or colorectal cancer survivor care. The completion of an educational intervention by health care providers may increase compliance and adherence to National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for survivorship care.

The anastomotic leaks are multivariable in its origin. The incidence varies among different centers between 4% and as high as 25%. The impact of leakage in a rectal anastomosis can be devastating for the patient and very costly for the health care system. Prolonged hospital stay (LOS), invasive treatment and intensive care are the consequences. The future of colorectal surgery will increasingly include older patients with increased preoperative morbidity and probably even higher risk for anastomotic leaks. which makes it suitable for reinforcing a rectal anastomosis. The goal is to shift the clinical leaks spectrum into a subclinical and therefore self-healing one.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of intrarectal Amifostine administration on acute radiation-induced rectal toxicity in pre-operative chemo-radiotherapy.

Rectal cancer is a common diagnosis. The prognosis after treatment has improved over the last decades, partly due to neoadjuvant radio(chemo)therapy, but also due to improved surgical technique (TME) and, in certain cases, due to adjuvant therapy after surgery. For some 15-20 years, treatment of metastasis has changed; liver- and lung metastasis in certain situations are surgically removed, or in the liver, treated with ablation (radio-frequency). During the same period the possibilities for chemotherapy of metastatic disease have improved, with new drugs and more drug regimens. These changes in treatment pathways have required changes in how patients with newly diagnosed rectal cancer are "worked up" pre-treatment. Starting in the early 2000s magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvic area has developed and is today mandatory to be able to adequately stage the tumour and plan for the multi-modal treatment before and after surgery. In many hospitals the set-up is a combination of computed tomography of the abdomen and chest and to this a MRI of the pelvic organs is added, whereas others have adopted MRI also for the abdominal part, thus having an MRI of the liver for the diagnosis of liver metastasis initially, before surgery. For the chest organs, CT is still normative. MRI has a higher sensitivity and specificity to detect liver metastasis, compared with CT. In order to plan the liver surgery/ablations, most liver surgeons rely on MRI for detailed information about the position of the metastasis and the relation to large vessels. The aim of this study is to examine the possible differences in percentage of patients requiring further radiology examinations after basic set-up comparing the routine of initial MRI of abdomen (and pelvic organs) with the routine of initial CT of the abdomen (and MRI of the pelvic organs). Further included is an analysis of the rate of liver metastasis using the two different routines, and finally outcome over 12 months in terms of liver treatment for metastasis.

This study is designed to test the efficacy of tailored operative or non-operative management (NOM) for MRI defined low-risk rectal cancer following neoadjuvant intensity modulated radiotherapy with concurrent capecitabine plus consolidation CapeOX. The main purpose of this study is to increase organ-preservation rate for low-risk rectal cancer patients.

Freenome is using a type of artificial intelligence, called machine learning, to identify patterns of cell-free biomarkers in blood to detect cancer early. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a blood-based assay to detect colorectal cancer by collecting blood and stool samples from healthy patients undergoing routine screening colonoscopy and from patients recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer or advanced adenomas.

The investigators hypothesize that a primary embolization, 3-4 weeks before surgery, would allow development of vascular collaterality, in particular for the marginal artery which will ensure a better colonic perfusion.

This was a propensity-score matched observational analysis, comparing the oncological outcome of surgical resection vs watch and wait apporach for rectal cancer patients with a cCR.

The purpose of this clinical study is to compare the accuracy of linear endoscopic ultrasonography and magnified narrowband endoscopy in the diagnosis of invasive depth of early rectal cancer, and to provide more powerful evidence for the choice of surgical methods for early rectal cancer. Patients with early rectal cancer who will be examined by endoscopic ultrasonography or magnifying narrowband endoscopy in the department of gastroenterology and general surgery will be examined by linear endoscopic ultrasonography or magnifying narrowband endoscopy to examine the depth of invasion of early rectal cancer, and the results are compared with the postoperative pathological results of the patients as the gold standard. It provides strong evidence that the accuracy of linear endoscopic ultrasonography in judging the invasive depth of early colorectal cancer is not inferior to that of magnifying narrowband endoscopy.