Active clinical trials for "Rectal Neoplasms"

A combination of chemotherapy and radiation is often used to treat rectal cancer patients before surgery in an effort to shrink the tumor and make it easier to remove as well as to help increase the chances of sphincter-sparing surgery. Many previous clinical studies have suggested that rectal cancer patients may survive longer if the surgery results in a pathological complete response - that is, the absence of any tumor cells in the surgical specimen. However, there is still controversy over this. This study attempts to start to answer this question by treating rectal cancer patients with a combination of chemotherapy drugs (oxaliplatin and capecitabine), a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme inhibitor and radiation before surgery. The rates of pathologic complete response, sphincter-sparing surgery, and disease-free survival are some of the therapeutic endpoints that will be studied.

Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Interferon-gamma may interfere with the growth of tumor cells and slow the growth of the tumor. Combining more than one drug with interferon-gamma may kill more tumor cells. This phase I/II trial is studying the side effects and best dose of giving fluorouracil together with phenylbutyrate, indomethacin, and interferon-gamma and to see how well it works in treating patients with stage IV colorectal cancer

Seamless phase I/II trial with phase I part for determination of maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of Trifluridine/tipiracil, followed by a randomized phase II trial (randomization ratio 2:1) with an experimental arm with Trifluridine/tipiracil based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and a standard - calibration arm (internal control) with capecitabine CRT flanked by translational research in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer

The purpose of the Phase Ib portion is to find out the highest dose of study drug that can safely be given when tested in a small group of subjects. The purpose of the Phase II portion is to find out how safe the study drug is when taken at the highest dose in a larger group of subjects.

This pilot phase I/II trial studies the side effects and best of dose ipilimumab when given together with local radiation therapy and to see how well it works in treating patients with recurrent melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, colon, or rectal cancer. Monoclonal antibodies, such as ipilimumab, can block cancer growth in different ways. Some block the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. Others find cancer cells and help kill them or carry cancer-killing substances to them. Radiation therapy uses high energy x rays to kill cancer cells. Giving monoclonal antibody therapy together with radiation therapy may be an effective treatment for melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, colon, or rectal cancer

Panobinostat may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as fluorouracil and leucovorin calcium, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Giving panobinostat together with fluorouracil and leucovorin calcium may kill more tumor cells. PURPOSE: This phase I trial is studying the side effects and the best dose of giving panobinostat, fluorouracil, and leucovorin calcium together in treating patients with stage IV colorectal cancer who did not respond to previous fluorouracil-based chemotherapy.

To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of AZD6244 or AZD2171 when combined with pre-operative capecitabine and radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

This trial will enroll patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (resectable and non-resectable).The phase Ib dose escalation portion of trial is designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of CRLX101 when combined with standard neoadjuvant therapies capecitabine (Cape) and radiation therapy (XRT). CRLX101 is a nanopharmaceutical (NP) formulation of camptothecin. These results will determine the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) for CRLX101 in this setting. The phase II portion of the trial is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CRLX101 at the RP2D, when combined with capecitabine and radiation therapy prior to surgery.

The DREAM study will assess the diagnostic accuracy of diffusion-weighted MRI in combination with other imaging modalities (multiparametric MRI and CT Scan) in determining the true status of disappearing liver metastasis (DLM) detected after conversion systemic therapy for unresectable or borderline resectable colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM).

Despite treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer relapses are frequent. Several attempts to improve these results with therapy intensification have shown modest effect on disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Recent studies with addition of sorafenib and cediranib revealed promising effect on tumor response with acceptable toxicity. Regorafenib is a multi tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with a broad mechanism of action. Therefore this trial investigates if similar results can be achieved as with sorafenib or cediranib.