Active clinical trials for "Uterine Cervical Neoplasms"

To investigate the associated risk factors of rectovaginal fistula

All women in one Swedish county who had not participated in the organized screening program for at least 10 years were sent an HPV self-sampling kit. Women who were positive for HPV were referred to a gynecological examination including colposcopy and further testing according to national guidelines.

Women were invited to attend colposcopy within two-four months after a positive screening test (two consecutive screening tests indicating low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and HPV positivity or a single screening test indicating high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL)), according to national guidelines

A pre- operative evaluation for the presence of intermediate risk factors prior to surgery may allow for better patient counselling, modify the course of surgery or select patients to undergo primary chemo- radiation. The purpose of this study is to validate that the presence of histological risk factors in a pre-operative large loop biopsy highly correlates with post-operative histological evaluation and the subsequent indication for post-operative chemo-radiation

Cervical cancer affects more than 3000 new cases per year in France. The treatment of stage IB3 to IVA cervical cancer is based on concomitant radio-chemotherapy. The irradiation volumes are based, according to current recommendations, on imaging examinations and / or on the results of a laparoscopic Para-aortic lymphadenectomy (PAL). There is some risk of false negatif with the PET/CT. For this reason, most of the time, PAL is offered when there is no pathological paraaortic lymph node on PET/CT. The investigators suppose that this staging surgery could be avoid when no pathological pelvic nodes are identified on PET/CT. The investigators use a retrospective study, to analyse histological report of systematic PAL, comparing to results of pre-operative PET/CT.

In cervical cancer prognosis factors are size of the tumour, pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes involvement. The initial treatment taking is determined by lymph node evaluation. Early stage cervical cancers at their very beginning, with no lymph node involvement, will be treated either by surgery only or by radiotherapy only, or by both at the same time. At advanced stages, from proximal IB to IIB with bad prognosis (tumour larger than 4 cm and pelvic lymph node involvement), as well as for cancers up to distal stages IIB, III and IVA, treatment relies on radio-chemotherapy, either alone or pre-surgery. The pre-therapeutic complete examination of the cervical cancer includes a clinical examination and a pelvic MRI in order to look for pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes and to precise the volume and the spreading of the tumour in the pelvic area. A meta-analysis estimating the interest of the MRI showed a variable sensitivity and a specificity for the detection of such lymph node metastasis with a sensitivity varying from 24 to 75 % and a specificity between 84 and 100 % according to the studies. As for the use of an 18-FDG PET scan to detect lymph node involvement, the studies realized so far are performed, usually, on a small number of subjects and with heterogeneous populations. However, it seems that such an examination enables a better detection of lymph nodes than the MRI does, especially for para-aortic lymph nodes depending on the studies, sensitivity varies from 57 to 100 %, and specificity between 92 and 100 %. We propose a prospective, multicentric and multidisciplinary study for the estimation of diagnosis methods. The main aim is to estimate the interest of the 18-FDG PET scan for the detection of pelvic and para-aortic lymph node metastasis in patients with cervical cancer, in comparison with the MRI. This study should enable to include 380 patients within 3 years. An 18-FDG scintigraphy will be performed before any treatment together with an MRI. A comparison between the sensitivity and the specificity of both examinations will be established and a correlation with the histology of the lymph node dissection will be made.

The objective of this study is to establish patient preferences in regards to common complications of cervical cancer treatments, and to compare these preferences to those of medical providers who care for cervical cancer patients. These preferences will be determined via a interview using the Standard Gamble, which is a well-recognized method for establishing utilities.

Very few screenings of any kind will be possible during a woman's lifetime in most low-resource regions, where 80% of the half-million global cases of cervical cancer occur every year. Although a single round of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing was associated with a significant decline in the rate of advanced cervical cancers and associated deaths, whether other methods like as DNA image cytometry can be used as an more accurate means than others in screening cervical cancer or not is yet to be verified. In addition, the accuracy of both DNA image cytometry and conventional cytology is not well known. The investigators hypothesized that DNA image cytometry was superior in screening cervical cancer than conventional cytology.

This study, conducted by the National Cancer Institute and the University of Oklahoma, will look for changes in cervix cells and other samples that may be signs of cervical disease. Human papilloma virus, or HPV, is a common infection of the genitalia in women that usually goes away by itself. If HPV infection does not go away, it might turn into cancer of the cervix, although this is rare. This study will examine why many HPV infections go away and why a few persist and lead to cervical cancer. Women 18 years of age and older who are referred for colposcopy (examination of the vagina and cervix using an instrument with a magnifying lens) at the University of Oklahoma following Pap smear diagnosis may be eligible for this study. Women will be in one of the following diagnostic categories: Cancer: Stage 1-2 only. Precancer: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3). HPV-infected: Positive for any of the 13 known cancer-causing HPV types, but not diagnosed with cancer or CIN3. Normal: Negative for cancer-causing HPV and normal tissue laboratory results. Participants will undergo the following procedures: Questionnaire: Covers demographic information (such as age, race, ethnicity, marital status, etc.), pregnancy history, menstrual and sexual history, contraceptive history, hormone medication history, medical history, smoking history, physical development, family history, and health care access. Blood test: 2 tablespoons of blood drawn. Colposcopy. Procedure to collect a sample of cervical cells and fluids for HPV testing and research.

Transgender men are individuals born genetically female that have a gender identity that is incongruent with their biological sex. For those who have begun or completed transition, they may present as males but still have a uterus and cervix. Thus far, no distinction has been made between routine cervical cancer screening guidelines in non-transgender women and those for transgender men, despite wide variations in sexual practices, including lifelong vaginal abstinence. The purpose of this study is to offer transgender men seen at clinic visits self-collected HPV testing to evaluate for improved cervical cancer screening rates, as well as a survey to further investigate sexual practices, rates of appropriate screening prior to being offered self-collection, and barriers to obtaining appropriate care.