Active clinical trials for "Candidiasis"

HIV patients are likely to suffer from opportunistic infections, in absence of highly active retroviral therapy. This happens due to lack of awareness of HIV status among patients or unresponsive to anti retroviral drugs. This study is for the prevalence of AIDS defining OIs among treatment naive HIV patients.

Hepatic candidiasis is a frequent complication in patients receiving intensive chemotherapy for acute leukemia. Hepatic lesions may be detected by computerized tomographic (CT) scans, but there is no standardized CT protocol for the diagnosis and follow-up of hepatic candidiasis. The investigators compared the size of the fungal lesions in the chest and abdomen CT. The current analysis aimed to increase the value of CT for the diagnosis and the follow-up of hepatic candidiasis in daily routine.

Oral hygiene is one of the most accessible and well-known strategies for the prevention of dental caries. The benefits of this practice after tooth eruption are well established in the literature. Oral hygiene in newborns prior to tooth eruption is controversial, since there is a disagreement between the Dental and Pediatric Associations as to the optimal time to initiate oral hygiene in children and scientific studies in this regard have not yet been performed. Some of these associations recommend starting this practice from the eruption of the child's first tooth. Others recommend beginning the cleansing of the child's oral cavity from birth by cleaning the baby's gingival rollers and tongue. The aim of the present investigation will be to evaluate, through a randomized clinical trial, the influence of oral hygiene in newborns on Candida spp colonization. and on the child's behavior during oral hygiene after tooth eruption. Will be included in the study, pairs of mothers and babies born in the maternity of the Hospital Nossa Senhora da Saúde, in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. This will be a rehearsal Randomized clinical trial in which newborns will be allocated into 2 groups, namely: Newborns whose parents will receive guidelines for oral hygiene before tooth eruption (Group 1); Newborns whose parents will receive instructions not to perform oral hygiene before tooth eruption (Group 2). The initial data collection will be performed one month after the child's birth and will include oral clinical examinations, saliva collection and questionnaires on the socio-environmental, economic and behavioral aspects of the child and his family. Initial oral clinical examinations will be performed to assess the presence of Candidiasis, and saliva collection will be performed to identify and quantification of Candida spp. These evaluations will be performed again every three months. From the eruption of the first deciduous tooth, the follow-up included an assessment of the baby's behavior during oral hygiene performed by the responsible. This evaluation will be made by the examiner using the Frankl scale and HBCD scale criteria. Statistical analysis will be performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science, version 23.0 and will include descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyzes.

New rapid diagnostic strategies are warranted in intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC). A previous retrospective study showed that one measure, the day of the surgery, of peritoneal 1.3-Beta-D-Glucan ≤ 310pg/ml could rule out an IAC. This strategy was independent of the patient underlying conditions and Candida risk factors. This study aimed to confirm these results with a multicenter prospective study

Septic shock is associated with acquired immunoparalysis which is associated with a high risk of nosocomial acquired infection. Nosocomial candidiasis is associated with a 50% rate of mortality but is difficult to diagnose. The use of colonization indexes and risk factors on the other hand expose to unnecessary use of antifungals. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether the host response to infection associated with candida biomarkers would help to anticipate the candidiasis onset.

The current standard of care for urogenital infections in Rwanda is syndromic management. Many urogenital infections are asymptomatic and therefore completely missed, and the management of vaginal discharge syndrome is known to be suboptimal. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate whether it is feasible to improve urogenital infection care in high risk women in Kigali, Rwanda, using point of care (POC) diagnostic testing for HIV, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), and bacterial vaginosis (BV) in all women; POC testing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and syphilis in pregnant women and women assessed to be at high risk for these infections using a risk scoring questionnaire; and management of vaginal candidiasis, urinary tract infection (UTI), genital ulcers/inguinal bubos, and lower abdominal pain in women reporting relevant symptoms. The secondary objectives of this study are 1) to evaluate the performance and 2) to obtain the opinions of Rwandan stakeholders.

The purpose of the study is to test the hypothesis that a subpopulation of patients with candiduria are at significant risk for disseminated disease and would benefit from treatment, while others are at low risk from complications and therefore require no antifungal therapy.

This is a biomarker multi-centre study to validate an extraction method of fungal and bacterial DNA extracted from vaginal swabs from adult women with confirmed VVC. The study population will consist of post-menarchal, pre-menopausal females, 18 years or older, seeking care for VVC symptoms. Vaginal samples will be examined under a microscope for yeast forms (hyphae or pseudohyphae) or budding yeast. If the Investigator assesses that the patient has VVC, based on examination and the potassium hydroxide (KOH) test, two vaginal secretion samples will be collected by a vaginal swab. One sample will be cultured to verify the presence of Candida and the other will be used for sequencing analysis of the vaginal microbiome. Samples from a total of 10 women are planned to be taken.

Intra-abdominal candidiasis remains the first origin of invasive candidiasis in critically ill patients with a mortality up to 60%. This high mortality is partly related to delay of anti-fungal treatment administration. According to experts in the field, new diagnostic methods to rapidly detect Candida in intra-abdominal infections is mandatory because the current strategies suffer from a lack of both sensitivity and specificity. The calscreener (SYMCEL®) is a new diagnostic tool to rapidly identify the presence of pathogens in biological samples based on micrometabolic activity detection. This technology also allows to measure the metabolic activity of pathogens. The ICCA project will test the feasibility, the accuracy and the diagnostic performance of the calscreener on an existing biological collection of peritoneal fluid. This collection came from a cohort of critically ill patients with intra-abdominal infection which required abdominal surgery. Intra-abdominal infections consist of bacterial peritonitis and intra-abdominal candidiasis. The presence of pathogens (bacteria and yeast) is already known, the peritoneal fluid being stored after routine analysis (bacteriology / mycology). In addition to the detection / identification of yeast will be investigated in this project, the cal screener will be used to evaluate the metabolic profile of Candida albicans in the peritoneal fluid, alone and with bacteria. This objective aims to evaluate the virulence of Candida in the peritoneal fluid from a metabolic perspective. The results will be compared to phenotypic and molecular evaluation.

The purpose of the study is to 1) define the operating characteristics of fungal biomarker assays in pediatric patients at high-risk for developing invasive candidiasis, 2) determine the change in fungal biomarker assay results in children who develop invasive candidiasis, and 3) create a biobank of blood samples from pediatric patients at high-risk for invasive candidiasis and those with invasive candidiasis for future testing of fungal biomarker assays and development of new fungal biomarker assays. The study will assemble a prospective cohort of pediatric patients at high-risk for developing invasive candidiasis. Blood samples for biomarker testing will be obtained at the time a patient has a clinical indication for blood culture attainment. Additional blood sampling will be performed on the sub-set of patients that are found to have invasive candidiasis. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of biomarker assays will be determined for each biomarker assay. No PHI will be stored in the database and limits on blood draws (3 ml/kg in an 8 week period) will be adhered to.