Active clinical trials for "Carcinoma"

Background: People with cancer, and especially older people, have a weakened immune system (the defense system of the body). This is often caused by the treatments for cancer. Older cancer survivors are therefore more prone to getting infections, some of which are preventable through vaccines. But because their immune systems are weakened, their response to vaccines is poor. Researchers want to see if a new drug, NT-I7, can help. Objective: To see if NT-I7 can boost the immune system. Eligibility: Adults 60 and older who have recently finished chemotherapy for breast, colorectal, or bladder cancer. Design: Participants will be screened with a physical exam, medical history, and blood and urine samples. Their heart s electrical activity will be checked. They will have an ultrasound of their spleen. They may give a tissue sample from a previous biopsy. Participants in phase 1a of the study will get 1 dose of NT-I7. It will be given by injection with a needle into the muscle of the upper arm, thigh, or buttocks. Participants in phase 1b will get 5 vaccines over a few months. They may get an optional booster and/or 6th vaccine. They will also get NT-I7. Participants will repeat the screening tests during the study. They may get a peripheral intravenous catheter in a vein in their hand or arm for blood draws. Participants may have apheresis. For this, blood is taken from an arm vein. The white blood cells are separated from the blood. The rest of the blood, minus the white blood cells, is returned into a vein in the other arm. A catheter may be used. Participants will have follow-up visits for 1 year.

This trial will study ladiratuzumab vedotin (LV) alone and with pembrolizumab to find out if it works to treat different types of solid tumors. It will also find out what side effects may occur. A side effect is anything the drug does besides treating cancer.

The investigators aim to investigate whether incorporating on-treatment EBV DNA surveillance for monitoring tumor responses to treatment and for guiding individuliased treatment adaptation can improve prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient . For patients with detectable EBV DNA after one cycle of IC, which then drops to undetectable levels during the following IC cycles (intermediate responders/intermediate relapse risk), the investigators aim to investigate whether additional adjuvant metronomic capecitabine would benefit this subgroup. For patients with detectable EBV DNA after three cycles of IC or with EBV DNA bounce during the induction phase (insensitive to IC/high relapse risk), the investigators aim to investigate whether concurrent administration of anti-PD-1 therapy during the following treatment phases (including concurrent phase and adjuvant phase) can benefit this subgroup.

Aged fragile patients are not usually included in clinical trials and efficacy and tolerability of the different available treatments in this population are unknown. Conversely, ageing has been associated with a decrease in the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors due to a decline in the effectiveness of the immune system (immunosenescence). In the Checkmate 025 trial comparing nivolumab with everolimus, the Hazard Ratio (HR) in patients older than 75 years old favoured everolimus, 1.23 (0.66-2.31). Thus, TKis might be a better treatment option for this population. However, the absence of data and concerns about possible secondary effects associated, can preclude clinicians to treat aged fragile patients with cabozantinib. A pilot phase II trial would help to have data on safety and efficacy of cabozantinib in this aged fragile population. In METEOR trial around 60% of patients reduced the dose of cabozantinib because of toxicity and tolerance problems. It is suspected that the efficacy of cabozantinib in the population to be included in this trial (aged and fragile) will be similar to that observed in CABOSUN trial (disease control rate around 75%). However, there is no information available in this group of patients. On the other hand, in the >75 years old subgroup within the METEOR trial, 37% discontinued due to adverse events, 85% needed dose reductions and median average daily dose was 33,6 mg. For this reason, the cabozantinib initial dose chosen for patients to be included in this study is 40 mg/day.

This phase II trial studies how well ramucirumab and pembrolizumab work in treating EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer that has come back (recurrent) or spread to other places in the body (metastatic) while on systemic therapy. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as pembrolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Ramucirumab, a drug which has anti-angiogenic and pleotropic immunomodulatory effects and may synergize with the effect of an anti-PD-1 agent. The study investigates the effect of targeted anti-antitumor activity of immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab and immune-suppressive activity of VEGF-inhibitor ramicirumab to evaluate the efficacy and the tolerability of the combination.

The purpose of this research study is to study the effect of giving nivolumab with CCR2/5-inhibitor or anti-IL-8 before surgery, and after surgery, with the goal of determining if this medicine results in: A significant immune response against their tumor (which the study team will see in the tumor that is taken out at the time of surgery) Improvement in long term survival rates

This phase II LUNG-MAP treatment trial studies how well combination treatment (talazoparib plus avelumab) works in treating patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer that has an STK11 gene mutation and has come back (recurrent) or is stage IV. Talazoparib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as avelumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Immunotherapy drugs given as single therapies or in combination with chemotherapy do not appear to work as well in lung cancer cells with mutations in the STK11 gene versus those that do not have the mutation. Adding the medicine talazoparib to the immunotherapy drug avelumab may work better in treating lung cancers that have an STK11 gene mutation.

Regorafenib is an oral tumour deactivation agent that potently blocks multiple protein kinases, including kinases involved in tumour angiogenesis (VEGFR1, -2, -3, TIE2), oncogenesis (KIT, RET, RAF-1, BRAF, BRAFV600E), metastasis (VEGFR3, PDGFR, FGFR) and tumour immunity (CSF1R). In particular, regorafenib inhibits mutated KIT, a major oncogenic driver in gastrointestinal stromal tumours, and thereby blocks tumour cell proliferation. Regorafenib has shown in clinical trials an acceptable benefit-risk across different tumor types, including colorectal cancer (CRC), GastroIntestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) and HCC. The most frequently observed adverse drug reactions (≥30%) in patients receiving regorafenib are pain, hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), asthenia/fatigue, diarrhea, decreased appetite and food intake, hypertension, and infection. Nivolumab is a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody to the programmed death (PD)-1 receptor, blocking the interaction with PD-ligand (PD-L)1/PD-L213 and restoring T-cell-mediated antitumor activity. Nivolumab was evaluated in second-line the CheckMate 040 Study (Escalation and Expansion cohort. In both cohorts of the CheckMate 040 Study, the safety profile was acceptable and there were no reported nivolumab-related deaths. In the dose-expansion cohorts from the Phase 1/2 CheckMate 040 Study, 65% of patients had treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of any grade 18% with Grade 3 or 4 TRAEs with fatigue, pruritus, and rash being the most common. Elevation of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) were the most frequent Grade 3-4 TRAEs. AST/ALT elevations, however, were generally asymptomatic and readily managed. For this reason, the rationale of this Phase I/IIa trial is to optimize the action of regorafenib and nivolumab but bearing in mind the potential impact of the drug-interaction and enhancement of the severity and/or frequency of adverse events. Thus, regorafenib will be administered as monotherapy during the first 2 cycles (each cycle is 3 weeks on plus 1 week off) of treatment to enhance T cell trafficking and infiltration into the tumor bed to increase the benefits of anti-PD-PD-L1, specific stimuli while emitting Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), followed by regorafenib plus nivolumab to impact step 7 of the cancer immunity cycle described by Chen. The anti-PD-L1 effect under hypoxia was evaluated by Noman et al in a tumor model and they postulated that the abrogated myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC)-mediated T cell suppression is achieved in part by modulating the cytokine production (IL-6 and IL-10). Specifically, hypoxia could promote immunosuppression by reducing the cytotoxic efficacy of immune cells, by increasing the peri-tumoral immunosuppressive cell populations infiltration of and priming the expression of immunosuppressive cytokines. Current options for first line are sorafenib and atezolizumab-bevacizumab. Lenvatinib has been shown to be non-inferior to sorafenib, but it is less frequently used and its toxicity profile mandates a stringent selection of patients. Sorafenib shares some molecular targets with regorafenib, but this has specific action against VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, Tie-2, PDGFR, FGFR-1, c-Kit, RET and p38-alpha7. Both are antiangiogenic as bevacizumab, but while bevacizumab is limited to the VEGF pathway, they act on several additional target involved in cancer progression. Atezolizumab and nivolumab target the PD1 checkpoint but acting at different levels: PD-1 receptor for Nivolumab and PD-L1 for Atezolizumab. This implies a difference and if resistance to one of the antibodies emerges during treatment, the use of the other one may overcome such key event leading to treatment failure. Recently, the combination of tremelimumab and durvalumab improved OS in comparison to sorafenib; in addition, durvalumab monotherapy was not inferior to sorafenib. The aim of this study is to do a sequential treatment combining regorafenib, second- line treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with anti PD-1 to enhance the outcome of patients based on the synergy between both drugs.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate anti-PD-1 Neoadjuvant therapy in Basal cell carcinoma to provide a better outcome when administered prior to surgery and provide a therapeutic strategy to avoid surgery altogether. The study team will gather information about how Basal cell carcinoma responds to Pembrolizumab prior to surgery and to gather information about recurrence rates. Pembrolizumab, is an investigational (experimental) drug that may improve the response of the immune system against cancer. Pembrolizumab is a manufactured antibody, much like the antibodies usually made by the human body to fight off infection. The idea behind developing this experimental drug is to stimulate the body's immune system to kill cancer cells. Pembrolizumab antibody has been specifically made to block a program cell death-1 (PD-1) protein receptor, which is found on cells of the immune system. PD-1 receptor seems to slow down the immune response. Blocking PD-1 with pembrolizumab antibody may make the immune response more active and may improve the response of the immune system against cancer. Pembrolizumab is currently FDA approved for use in other malignancies. It has been used to treat a number of other diseases such as certain types of lung cancer, cervical cancer and lymphoma. The use of Pembrolizumab in this study is experimental because it is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the treatment of Basal cell carcinoma.

To determine the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) of TBio-6517 when administered by direct injection into tumor(s) or intravenously and when combined with pembrolizumab in patients with solid tumors (RIVAL-01).