Active clinical trials for "Carcinoma"

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) carrying tumor-specific sequence alterations has been found in the cell-free fraction of blood. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens are difficult to obtain, and noninvasive methods are required to assess cancer progression and characterize underlying genomic features. Use of 'liquid biopsy' by assessing circulating cell free DNA enables the clinician to offer targeted immunotherapy or signaling pathway inhibitors. It also offers a model to prove response to locoregional or immunotherapy therapy and predict tumor recurrence non-invasively.

This trial establishes patient-derived cancer xenografts in addressing cancer health and treatment disparities that disproportionately affect racial/ethnic minorities. Understanding the genetic and response differences among racial/ethnic minorities may help researchers enhance the precision of therapeutic treatments.

This is a prospective study on the microbiota associated with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Patients with newly diagnosed SCC of oesophagus would be recruited for taking samples of oral and oesophageal rinse, tissue biopsies for investigation of the microbiota of oesophageal cancer. Control patients would be identified from patients scheduled for routine endoscopy.

Since December 2019, a new disease named COVID-19 linked to a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV2 has emerged in China in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province, spreading very quickly to all 5 continents, and responsible for a pandemic. France is the third most affected country in Europe after Italy and Spain. Groups of patients at a higher risk of developing a severe form of COVID-19 have been defined: this include patients with immunosuppressive disease as cancer or patients with advanced cirrhosis of the liver. Coronavirus liver injury had been described with SARS-CoV 1 and MERS-CoV. There is no data on liver damage associated with COVID-19 infection for compensated or decompensated cirrhotic patients. The objectives of this project are to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 in hepatocellular carcinoma population, both hospital and ambulatory, and to study the impact on the frequency of severe forms, the prognosis, but also liver function, and the management of hepatocellular carcinoma, in this context of pandemic

The primary objective of this study is to determine the ex-vivo prognostic accuracy of the Cybrid live tumor diagnostic platform across a basket of solid tumors, using in-vivo RECIST 1.1 as the reference method.

In this work, the investigators count through the integrated multi-omics analysis to identify different tumor subgroups in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and carcinomas regardless of their grade and stage. To achieve this, they will resort to the use of next-generation sequencing approaches (RNAseq, then use of MCP Counter for the absolute quantification of the eight populations of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment), alterations in epigenetics with study of the methylome by MeDIP, ChIPseq, telomere (ALT) study, as well as correlation with peripheral blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and immunohistochemistry data such as Ki67, p53, Rb, DAXX, ATRX, PDL1, immune cell labeling. This will be done on frozen or paraffin material. This work will provide a more complete biological picture of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and carcinomas.

Recently, oncology has moved to a new clinical practice, more personalized, called Predictive Oncology (PO). PO comes from our knowledge about tumor heterogeneity that implies that each disease, thus each patient, is unique. PO's goal is to identify and administrate the right treatment to the right patient. For this, PO requires to go through 3 majors steps: A good characterization of the tumor to identify candidates, A well-established panel of drugs targeting the identified candidates, A relevant model to functionally test these candidates. The first point could easily be addressed with recent technologies that now allow the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and/or the simultaneous analysis of transcriptomic profiles from thousands of patients. The last two points have not been efficiently achieved so far, which prevents PO to be really efficient. Indeed, even if NGS allows the identification of potential targets, the presence of a molecular candidate does not necessary means obligatory functional response. The number of drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration remains limited and most frequent targets in solid tumors (for ex. RAS, P53, MYC, RB1 ...) still do not have specific drugs approved in clinic. Finally, available pre-clinical models still present many major inconvenient: Chimiogrammes on 2D cultures are not sufficiently relevant to be really predictive of the in vivo situation; Patient derived xenograft (PDX) are not adapted for clinical use because not all tumors graft and the time to develop a PDX is too long (several months), thus incompatible with the history of the disease (especially for most severe patients). Furthermore the host (NOD-SCID mouse) is immuno-depressed, preventing to objectively test antibodies-mediated drugs. Recently, the 3D cell culture technology has proven its superiority to predict drug response over classical 2D chimiogrammes. It consists in growing "mini-tissues", or organoid-derived from tumor/healthy tissues, thanks to the amplification of stem cells contained within the sample. The generated organoids are personalized and biologically relevant (organoids are expend form the patient's stem cells which self-organized according to the architecture of the tissue they are originating from), they are genetically stable, their growth is compatible with patient's disease history (organoids grow in few weeks), easy and convenient to achieve, even from small biological material quantities (0.5< x < 1cm3), and they can be amplified, frozen and thawed on demand. Moreover, organoids can be made more complex with the addition of other cell types (fibroblasts, immune cells …). None of the actual available pre-clinical model regroups all these characteristics. The constitution of a "next generation" biobank of liver samples (Metastases to the liver and Hepato Cellular Adenocarcinoma) will be very useful in the context of predictive oncology. For this, a biopsy needs to be dissociated and grown in Matrigel™, in presence of a well-defined list of growth factors. Once the culture is established, organoids can be frozen then defrost on demand. Our main objective is to evaluate the feasibility for building a biobank of liver-derived organoids, from liver metastases of colorectal cancers, hepatocellular adenoma and adenocarcinoma (waste tissues). Applications related to organoids derived from tumors are quasi indefinite, from drug screening assays, tests for novel therapies or original drug combinations, to patients' stratifications or fundamental research. In our case, we are interested in building this a biobank in the prospect of using it to build the "next generation of model for predictive oncology" to study liver-related cancers and related drugs testing. Briefly, we want to implement these organoids with cells from the microenvironment in order to makes the global model more pertinent for drug testing. If successful, the generation of such biobank, including both tumor-derived organoids and healthy counterpart, could be really helpful for the scientific and medical community.

This study learns if depression, anxiety, and catastrophizing (thought patterns that prompt people to expect the worst) are associated with chronic pain after surgery among patients who are scheduled to have cytoreductive surgery with intraoperative hyperthermic chemotherapy. Information from this study may improve the understanding of persistent and chronic postsurgical pain integrating multiple layers of biological and behavioral sciences.

The purpose of ORACLE is to demonstrate the ability of a novel ctDNA assay developed by Guardant Health to detect recurrence in individuals treated for early-stage solid tumors. It is necessary that ctDNA test results are linked to clinical outcomes in order to demonstrate clinical validity for recurrence detection and explore its value in a healthcare environment subject to cost containment.

The purpose of the project is to set up a national, prospective, longitudinal, multicenter cohort study, a tumor registry platform, to document uniform data on characteristics, molecular diagnostics, treatment and course of disease, to collect patient-reported outcomes and to establish a decentralized biobank for patients with advanced or metastatic ovarian cancer (OC) or advanced or metastatic endometrial cancer (EC) in Germany.