Active clinical trials for "Carcinoma"

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one the leading cause of increasing cancer-specific mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma provides opportunity for curative therapeutic approaches and relatively favorable prognosis. Herein, we intended to establish a biosignature for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and stratification of risk population for intensive follow-up by implementing biannual follow-up investigation and collecting peripheral blood samples for screening.

Does the tumor thickness value of buccal squamous cell carcinomas, predict cervical nodal metastasis in clinically and radio-graphical neck negative (N0) thus sparing such patients unnecessary surgical procedures and it's associated morbidities? The aim of the study is to evaluate the prognostic value of tumor thickness cut off 4 mm in predicting cervical nodal metastases in a population of Egyptian patients presenting with Buccal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. The hypothesis is that patients with tumor thickness less than 4 mm will present with significantly less cervical nodal metastasis.

The hypothesis of this study are as follows: Prognostic evaluation of patients based on an integrative model provides better assessment of overall survival, and thus improves setting of care goals. In a routine care population, antitumour drugs may have a significant impact on overall survival through their targeted antitumor effect, but also through their toxicity profile and their impact on comorbidities. The optimization of patient support (supportive care, drug tolerance monitoring) can have an impact on the prognosis.

Locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC) is a heterogeneous disease, associated with a poor prognosis and no improvement in overall survival for years. Furthermore, treatments (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy) are frequently associated with acute and late toxicities. Beside p16/HPV + tumors, only TNM classification can help estimating the prognosis of the patients. A better evaluation of the prognosis and of the risk of metastatic spread would help defining the best treatment. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been reported as both a prognostic factor and a non-invasive way to assess tumor relapse in several cancer types. Few data are available in HNSCC, and no data among p16/HPV- cancers. Indeed, ctDNA assessment is usually based on tumor mutation monitoring. But if recurrent mutations are frequent in several cancers types (PIK3CA, KRAS, ESR1, TERT…), there is no recurrent mutation observed in HNSCC. Thus ctDNA assessment in LAHNSCC must be performed after the identification of a tumor specific mutation for each patient. In that context, the aim of this study is to perform a molecular analysis of primary LAHNSCC, and to look for the amount of ctDNA before surgery, after surgery, and during 18 months of follow up.

In this study, investigators aim to find out how plasma 5hmC level changes in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver resection, and determine whether 5hmC can be used as a biomarker for HCC recurrence monitoring.

Egypt is an endemic area of HCV.Cirrhosis and HCC are the most serious complications of chronic HCV infection.Some studies noted that the risk of HCC increased 17-fold among HCV-infected patients compared with anti-HCV negative controls. Many studies demonstrate that direct antiviral therapy seems to accelerate the development of HCC, soon after the end of treatment, in those patients at higher risk of HCC occurrence or recurrence; and preliminary reports seem to indicate that HCC developed after direct antiviral therapy has more aggressive features. These findings clearly indicate the need for aggressive and close monitoring of cirrhotic patients during and after antiviral treatment, to detect and treat HCC at their earliest occurrence. Genetic variation plays a key role in HCC susceptibility and development of the disease.Genotype distribution frequency data can be used to map single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) diversity in a population and to examine the risk and development of specific diseases.Many reports indicate an association between SNPs in certain genes and the susceptibility and clinicopathological status of HCC. MMP-1 is an endogenous peptide enzyme that is most widely expressed in interstitial collagenase,which can degrade the extracellular matrix surrounding tumor cells. It is involved in many stages of tumorigenesis, in angiogenesis, and in suppression of tumor cell apoptosis . MMP-1 - 1607 1G/2G (rs1799750) contains a guanine insertion/deletion polymorphism at position - 1607 and is a functional (SNP) that can upregulate MMP expression. The association between the MMP-1 - 1607 1G/2G polymorphism and the emergence of several diseases including the risk for many cancers has been reported. There are results suggest that MMP-1 is overexpressed in a large proportion of patients with HCC which correlated with the disease progression and poor clinical outcome. Furthermore, MMP-1 high expression proved to be a risk factor for tumor recurrence and independent molecular marker of prognosis in HCC and may become a novel target in the strategies for the prediction of tumor progression and prognosis of this disease. Aim: Is to asses: The contribution of MMP-1-1607 genotype polymorphism to the risk of HCC on top of HCV. The relationship between MMP-1-1607 gene polymorphism with HCC in patients who received antiviral treatment to HCV.

Mainly compared with GP induction chemotherapy combined with IMRT and TPF induction chemotherapy combined with IMRT in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the cure rate, remission rate, treatment of distant metastases and lymph node metastasis, quality of life improvement rate, etc.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of preoperative liver stiffness measurement(LSM) by FibroScan in predicting the progress of liver fibrosis and prognosis after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Background: Progress of liver fibrosis and liver failure and related poor prognosis after TACE which are not completely predictable by current method including Child-Pugh Classification. LSM is used to calculate the degree of liver fibrosis and is affected by several liver injury, e.g. elevated Alanine aminotransferase（ALT）, Aspartate transaminase(AST) and Bilirubin et al. The investigators assume that LSM could be use to predict progress of liver fibrosis and adverse effects after TACE in HCC. Methods: At least 200 patients will be recruited in this prospective observational study with preoperative LSM, demographic, laboratory, radiological and other treatment-related factors. Participants will be followed up till death or to the end of study no matter the liver failure occurs or not. Data will be analyzed to build a mathematical predicting model. Research hypothesis：TACE is related to progress of liver fibrosis and a mathematical model with LSM is able to predict the risk of liver failure and prognosis in HCC.

Non-melanocytic skin cancers are the most common type of cancer worldwide. In the development of this cancer type, environmental factors such as UV and smoking are emphasized. Epigenetics are genetic conditions that develop due to environmental factors and can be inherited. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation play an integral role in carcinogenesis, cancer progression and metastasis. The TGF-/ SMAD4 pathway plays a tumor suppressive role in cancer pathogenesis. Epigenetic changes in this pathway also lead to a decrease in expression level, leading to different types of cancer. However, there is no study showing the epigenetic relationship between non-melanocytic skin cancer and SMAD4 methylation. In this study we planned, it was aimed to show the change in SMAD4 methylation and SMAD4 RNA expression level in cancerous tissue. In addition, it is planned to measure the SMAD4 protein positivity rate in non-melanocytic cancers as an immunohistochemical marker. In this context, 60 patients who applied to Trakya University Dermatology and Venereal Diseases Outpatient Clinic and diagnosed with non-melanocytic skin cancer clinically and dermoscopically will be included in the study. Tissue materials obtained from both cancerous and intact skin of the patients will be examined in Trakya University Medical Biophysics and Medicine Pathology laboratories through various steps. Our project is the first study to be conducted on this subject in terms of handling all non-melanocytic skin cancers, using human tissue and having a large sample. In addition, with the data to be obtained; We think that better clarification of the role of SMAD4 in non-melanocytic cancers and the use of SMAD4 as both a prognostic factor and an immunohistochemical marker in future studies will prevent this study. Again, we anticipate that different treatment modalities will be developed and different functional studies can be designed through this pathway.

Rationale: To date, the diagnosis and subtyping of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is verified with histopathology which requires a biopsy. Because this technique is invasive, new non-invasive strategies have been developed, including Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). This innovative technique enables microscopically detailed examination of lesions, which is useful for diagnosing and identification of various subtypes of BCC. The diagnostic value of the VIVOSIGHT OCT in daily clinical practice, has not been established to date.