Active clinical trials for "Cardiovascular Abnormalities"

There are evidence that there is an association between insulin resistance and prolonged hyperinsulinemia or hyperglycemia in Type 2 diabetic patients. This will trigger oxidative stress system via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lead to a high level of Nitric oxide. This can contribute to a significant change in blood vessel and could end up with the complications from cardiovascular disease and increased mortality rate of type 2 diabetic patients. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of the curcumin in type 2 diabetic patients on the reduction of atherosclerosis events by examining pulse-wave velocity (PWV) and plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) test and on blood sugar lowering, glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c), lipid profile, and insulin resistance.

The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of a remote patient monitoring platform and alert system in reducing adverse events for hospitalized geriatric orthopedic trauma patients.

This Protocol is intended to facilitate development and testing of new cardiovascular MRI software capabilities by UC Davis Research Faculty, as well as to facilitate the evaluation of new software capabilities provided by GE and Siemens.

This is a Prospective, Double-center, randomized clinical trial. The purpose of the trial is to evaluate the benefit of adding POC US to the management of inpatients admitted to the internal ward with respiratory, cardiovascular or hemodynamic abnormalities.

Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) characterizes a range of negative health and performance outcomes that result from chronically low energy availability. RED-S concerns high performance junior and senior athletes across Canada and has a prevalence rate of 3-60%. Our ability to assess and diagnose RED-S remains poor. Accordingly, we aim to create the best parameters to diagnose and manage RED-S; along with information of the prevalence and severity across Canada and globally. These outcomes are expected to have a significant positive impact on the health and performance of Canadian athletes in preparation for the Olympic Games in 2022 and beyond.

Obesity is a medical problem of epidemic proportions and is associated with high mortality. Obesity has significant effects on the cardiovascular system, producing structural cardiovascular changes including myocardial hypertrophy, fatty infiltration, and fibrosis; diastolic and systolic dysfunction; changes in pulmonary artery compliance; and increased aortic stiffness - all of which can lead to heart failure. Indeed, evidence suggests that obesity increases the risk for heart disease independent of other known risk factors such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obstructive sleep apnea. Obesity also causes significant changes in pulmonary function, including a decrease in expiratory reserve volume and functional residual capacity and closure of peripheral airways. The exact mechanisms for the development of cardiopulmonary disease are not well understood - the pathophysiology is complex and likely multifactorial, related to altered hemodynamic load, altered metabolic activity, underlying inflammation, and increased cardiac output. Newer diagnostic modalities available at our institution such as cardiac MRI and pulmonary function tests with impulse oscillometry allow us to better evaluate cardiopulmonary dysfunction in patients with severe obesity. Cardiac MRI is especially promising as a non-invasive imaging modality in obese individuals, providing more reproducible measurements of cardiac and vascular anatomy and function relative to echocardiography. Similarly, pulmonary function testing with impulse oscillometry is more sensitive for detection of abnormalities in the distal airways especially when spirometry is normal, as frequently occurs in the severely obese symptomatic patients. The main objective of the proposed study is to evaluate the effect of obesity on quality of life and health care utilization and its relationship to cardiopulmonary disease in an ethnically diverse, underserved obese population by using state-of-the-art diagnostic modalities before and after significant (20%) weight loss. The investigators propose to perform stress cardiac MRI and pulmonary function testing with oscillometry before and after significant surgical weight loss in 150 severely obese patients with cardiopulmonary symptoms. Patients evaluated in the comprehensive Obesity Center at Bellevue Hospital who meet NIH Consensus Guidelines for Bariatric Surgery, who have cardiopulmonary symptoms, and who meet clinical criteria for cardiac stress testing and pulmonary function testing will be approached by the study personnel and offered enrollment. Informed consent will be obtained. Enrolled patients will undergo clinical evaluation with a detailed medical history including the Borg dyspnea scale, physical examination, laboratory testing including cardiopulmonary biomarkers (brain natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, atrial natriuretic peptide), and non-invasive cardiovascular stress MRI and pulmonary physiologic evaluation including spirometry, plethysmography and impulse oscillometry (IOS). Patients with active smoking history and/or asthma will be identified clinically. Cardiovascular MRI will be performed using a 1.5T (Avanto or Espree, Siemens Healthcare) system. Standard cardiovascular techniques will be used for the assessment of myocardial and vascular structure and function, including T1-weighted, T2-weighted, late gadolinium enhancement, cine, tagged and phase contrast imaging in selected planes. Adenosine stress MRI will be performed for evaluation of underlying coronary artery or microvascular disease.

Introduction: Cardiac sympathetic drive provides inotropic support to the failing heart and preserves cardiovascular homeostasis. Nonetheless, as myocardial insult evolves, this compensatory response leads to a progressive decline in contractile function, increases the vulnerability to arrhythmias and constitutes an independent mortality predictor. Despite advanced pharmacological therapies, side effects and persistent cardiac sympathetic overdrive highlights the modulation of the adrenergic system as a primary target for non-pharmacological strategies in the heart failure (HF) treatment. In this scenario, we will propose cervicothoracic transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as a non-pharmacological therapy to attenuate cardiac sympathetic overdrive in patients with heart failure. Methods: In this prospective, randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind crossover trial, ten (10) HF patients under optimal pharmacological treatment will be randomly assigned to either an in-home cervicothoracic transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy (TENS: 30 min twice a day with 80 Hz frequency and pulse duration of 150 μs) or a sham control intervention (SHCI) for two weeks. Following a two-month washout phase from TENS/SHCI, patients crossed over and started the opposite condition. Washout rate and heart-to-mediastinum ratio (planar 123l-metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy images), indexes of cardiac sympathetic activity and innervation density, muscle sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography) and brachial artery blood flow (Doppler ultrasound) during dynamic handgrip exercise will be obtained at the beginning and end of each condition.

Our knowledge on cardiovascular side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is restricted to this date to observational retrospective data (mainly case series and pharamcovigilance analysis). We aim at assessing the incidence of cardiovascular adverse side effects of ICIs by means of a prospective interventional single centre study using multiple biomarkers.

Aims of this study were 1) to evaluate early CV abnormalities in infants born small for gestational age (SGA) at 24 months of age compared with age and sex-matched subjects that were born adequate for gestational age (AGA) 2) to investigate the effect of catch-up growth and the role of breastfeeding on CV risk.

The purpose of this study is to review the use of diverticulopexy, and collect data regarding the ease of the procedure and the overall outcome.