Active clinical trials for "Developmental Disabilities"

Infants with developmental disabilities present a high risk of behavioral and socio-emotional problems. Their parents are themselves at risk of developing emotional and affective disorders which can impact the quality of the interaction with the infant. Early parenting empowerment focused on parent-infant interaction are beneficial in supporting infants development and parental adjustment. By using a multi-layer approach to outcomes assessment (i.e., behavioral, neuroendocrine and epigenetic outcomes), the present longitudinal, multi-center, change-promoting clinical trial is aimed at assessing the effectiveness of an early parenting empowerment intervention based on video-feedback technique to support maternal responsiveness and the socio-emotional development of infants with developmental disabilities.

There are critical knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to understand the impact of aerobic exercise programs on relevant functional outcomes in adults with developmental disabilities (DD). This study will build upon previous literature by examining the impact of a 10-week (2x a week; 60-minutes per session) virtual adapted aerobic dance intervention (adapted Zumba®) in adults with DD ages 20-69 (n=58). Participants will be quasi-randomized to one of three groups: control (normal activities), low-tempo Zumba®, and high-tempo Zumba®. The quasi-randomization enables the investigators to ensure similarities in relevant demographic factors (e.g., disability type, age, sex) across the three groups. This design will enable the investigators to determine the effects of Zumba® and the impact of tempo level on relevant outcome measures. Participants will compete testing three times - pre-test, post-test, and a 4-week follow-up test - to determine the immediate and long-term benefits of Zumba®. Changes in functional mobility (Timed Up-And-Go), balance (Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance), aerobic capacity (6-minute Walk Test), and executive functioning (Flanker) will be assessed. During the program, participants' moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) will be measured using accelerometry. Compared to the control group, the investigators hypothesize that both Zumba groups will show an improvement in body composition, balance, functional mobility, executive functioning, aerobic capacity, and MVPA during the program. Moreover, the investigators hypothesize that the high tempo group will improve body composition, balance, functional mobility, executive functioning, aerobic capacity, and MVPA during the program more than the low tempo.

The aim of this study, therefore, is to determine the effect of problem-solving training on the interpersonal problem-solving skills of mothers with special needs children. This study was a parallel randomized controlled trial. The mothers were sorted into control and experimental groups (40 experimental and 40 control groups). A personal information form and the Interpersonal Problem Solving Inventory (IPSI) were used to collect data in this research. The participants in the experimental group gived to problem solving training program while the control group was not exposed to any intervention.The data in the control and experimental groups were homogeneously distributed. There was no significant difference in the pre-training test scores for any of the dimensions , but the post-training test scores were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Intragroup analysis with the Wilcoxon sign-rank test showed that there were significant differences between the pre-training and post-training test scores in the experimental group. Interpersonal problem-solving skills can be improved by providing problem-solving training to the mothers of children with special needs. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that psychiatric nurses provide training to protect and improve the well-being of children with special needs and their families.

Children with intellectual/developmental disabilities (ID/DD) will experience less dental anxiety and cooperate better in a Sensory Adapted Dental Environment (modified visual, sensory, and somatosensory stimuli in a regular dental setting) than in a regular dental environment (RDE).

This study investigates the impact of pain training delivery for respite care providers who support children with developmental disabilities on (a) pain assessment and management-related knowledge, (b) participant self-rated perceptions of the feasibility, confidence and skill in pain assessment and management, and (c) strategy use. Half of the participants will receive the pain training, while half will receive the training about family-centered care, and be offered the pain training after completion of the follow-up.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of individualized performance feedback coupled with an educational module in improving resident performance of the physical and developmental examination component of developmental surveillance of infants at the two month preventive care visit.

A major goal of early intervention (EI) is to employ a family-centered approach to helping children to optimally function at home and in the community. However, the effects of EI are poorly understood. The aims of this project are: 1) to test the feasibility, acceptability, and value of introducing novel electronic patient-reported outcome (e-PRO) measures in EI, to strengthen family-centered EI care; and 2) to obtain and pair these outcomes data with EI program data, to further determine the value of e-PRO data collection for examining links between EI service use and functional outcomes among families who are enrolled in a large, urban EI program.

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) commonly experience behavioral challenges that may be improved with pharmacotherapy, including difficulties with sleep, attention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behavior, mood swings, self-injury, and aggression. While 34-58% of children with ASD take medication for such behaviors, there is wide practice variation nationally and a lack of evidence to support the use of most commonly prescribed agents. Complex clinical situations such as this where there is no clear "best choice" regarding which behaviors to target and which medications to use lend themselves well to the use of a Shared Decision Making (SDM) tool to ensure that well-informed parent preferences shape every treatment plan. The primary goal of this study is to modify a previously published decision aid about use of medication to manage challenging behaviors in children with autism to make it easy to implement in practice and then evaluate this version in terms of proximal decisional outcomes and parent/child outcomes 3 months later. Providers in a Developmental-Behavioral Pediatric clinic will be enrolled and randomly allocated to intervention or control (treatment as usual) groups. Initially, providers randomized to the intervention group will test and refine the modified intervention. Once the intervention is finalized, eligible patients of participating providers will be enrolled in the randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of the intervention. Following the trial, control group providers will be crossed over and receive the intervention. Both proximal decisional outcomes (e.g. parent decisional conflict, provider amount of SDM, parent knowledge of treatment options) and outcomes 3 months later (e.g. parenting stress, decisional conflict, and change in child behavioral symptoms) will be assessed. Approximately 10 providers and 240 of their patients with autism will be included in the study. Chart reviews, parental surveys, and recordings of provider-parent-patient interactions during the index visit will be collected at baseline (prior to physician allocation), during the intervention trial, and after the control group has crossed over. Between- and within-group analyses will examine factors associated with parental decisional conflict and whether the intervention produces significant improvements in outcomes over and above typical autism care. Analyses will include multiple linear regression modeling and general linear models / repeated measure models, accounting for data clustered by provider.

Emerging evidence demonstrates that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can be reliably diagnosed by age two, and that early identification and intervention can improve outcomes. Low-income and minority children with ASD, however, are diagnosed later and experience greater delays in service provision than their white and more financially advantaged peers. Feasible, culturally appropriate interventions with broad scale-up potential are necessary to reduce this disparity. This project builds upon pilot studies of an adapted version of Patient Navigation, as means to reduce disparities in ASD diagnosis and service provision. Patient Navigation is a lay-delivered case management approach that focuses on overcoming logistical hurdles to care during a defined episode. This project has 2 components, both of which take place in urban, integrated care networks that provide healthcare to low-income children. This registration is for the clinical trial component of the study. The project is a multisite, randomized comparative effectiveness trial of a systemic, lay-delivered adaptation of Patient Navigation, referred to as Family Navigation (FN), which begins with a failed autism screen and ends 100 days after an ASD diagnosis is made. The basic structure of both intervention arms is a collaborative care system. The conventional care management arm (CCM) is consistent with the type of care provided within a traditional - but high quality - medical home. The FN arm provides more intensive, individually tailored, care coordination and theory-based family support.

This study's goals are to improve connections between Oregon Women, Infants, & Children (WIC) clinics, primary care providers, and Early Intervention/Early Childhood Special Education programs (EI/ECSE), in order to help children with suspected developmental delays get the services they need.