Active clinical trials for "Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive"

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) on daily life activities in patients with COPD and also to determine the socio-demographic profile, daily life style and needs of the patients with COPD.

Maximal consumption of oxygen (VO2max) during exercise is used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to stratify perioperative risk. However, the impact of supplemental oxygen to prevent hypoxemia during exercise on maximal oxygen consumption and other ventilatory parameters during maximal exercise in the resting normoxic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease population is poorly defined. The investigators performed a randomized controlled trial in patients with COPD who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise tests on room air and supplemental oxygen. The investigators compared maximal oxygen consumption and other ventilatory parameters in each individual subject under the two conditions.

The purpose of this pilot study is to evaluate a remote patient monitoring (RPM) system using a daily PRO tool (EXACT = Exacerbations of Chronic Pulmonary Disease Tool), in preventing hospitalization from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbations in a COPD population at high risk of exacerbation, compared to those managed by usual care.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth most common cause of death and the only one of the common causes that is still rising. The main effects of the disease are the destruction and inflammation of lung tissue rendering breathing difficult. COPD has significant effects on the quality of life of sufferers and the disease is predicted to be the fifth most common cause of disability in the world by 2020. Patients with COPD are prone to periods of worsening disease symptoms, known as exacerbations, which are often caused by viral and bacterial infections of the lung and current vaccines appear to have little efficacy in limiting these exacerbations. The loss of lung function caused by infectious exacerbations is irreversible and patients who frequently exacerbate experience more rapid disease progression. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a major bacterial species that colonises the airways and causes exacerbations in COPD. With the development of more sensitive molecular techniques it has been possible to ascertain that it is the acquisition of new strains of NTHi that correlate strongly with exacerbations. However, not all patients with COPD have NTHi in their lungs and the question remains as to why some COPD patients are susceptible to such infections. This study aims to answer this question by comparing the airways of COPD patients who are colonized by NTHi and those who are not to analyse whether the levels of protective antibodies in the lungs and the function of the immune cells in the NTHi colonized airway are reduced. Moreover, we aim to correlate this reduction in immunity with areas of lung damage ascertained by high resolution computed tomography. The aim of this research is to better understand this apparent deficiency in airway immunity as this is likely to impact on vaccine efficacy in COPD.

The aim of this study is to investigate the development of partial pressure of carbon dioxide during the 6-min walking test and during night in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)-patients (GOLD stage IV). Therefore the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, oxygen saturation and the heart rate are registered by a device called "Sentec" during the mentioned periods. In addition a measurement of activity is realised by an activity monitor ("Sensewear").

Background: Portable oxygen concentrators (POCs) featuring the latest integrated oxygen conserving devices (OCDs) provide greater patient accessibility and mobility during ambulation and travel. Recent POCs are compact, lightweight, battery-operated, and require no refill-time, thus meeting patients' clinical and lifestyle needs. There is, however, a lack of research on the clinical performance of the latest POCs that could help to determine their ability to maintain patients' oxygen saturations ≥ 90 % during exercise. Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the ability of three POCs, with maximum oxygen production capabilities of 950 to 3000 ml per minute, to maintain oxygen saturations ≥ 90 % in patients with chronic lung disease during exercise. Method: Six minute walk tests (6-MWTs) will be administered in order to measure oxygen saturations by pulse oximetry (SpO2) in up to 20 patients with a diagnosis of either Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), or Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) with documented exertional oxygen desaturations of ≤ 85% on room air. All participants will participate in 4 different 6-minute walk tests: the first will be a control walk performed with the participants' current oxygen system set at their prescribed exertional flow rate. Then, the participants will perform a walk test with each of the three POCs set at the units' maximum pulse dose setting. The order in which the participants use the POCs will be randomly assigned using a sequence generator. Hypothesis: It is hypothesized that all three POCs will provide oxygen saturations ≥ 90 % during exercise in patients with chronic lung disease with moderate to severe exertional oxygen desaturation.

The purpose of the investigation is to confirm the safety and efficacy in long-term use of Symbicort Turbuhaler in patients with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) under the post-marketing actual use.

Patients with chronic lung diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), who perform regular physical activity, have improved health and wellbeing compared with those who do little exercise. The purpose of the study is to evaluate whether the use of a simple pedometer (step counter) to set targets for daily physical activity can encourage COPD patients referred for an 8-week pulmonary exercise based programme (PR) to be more active. The investigators also want to know whether the use of pedometers during PR can improve adherence, self-management and outcome in COPD.

To collect post-marketing safety and effectiveness information on the use of Tiotropium Inhalation Capsules (18 μg) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in daily clinical settings

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common type of sleep apnea and is caused by an obstruction of the upper airways. The obstruction results in periods of intermittent hypoxia and re-oxygenation, which lead to increased oxidative stress, increased inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease that leads to poor airflow. This disease leads to systemic hypoxia, reduced oxidative capacity, and increased inflammation. The direct cause of OSA and COPD is unclear, but OSA and COPD may be linked to other comorbid conditions such as obesity and type II diabetes. Upon onset of OSA and COPD, metabolic disturbances associated with obesity and type II diabetes can be exacerbated. Obesity is a condition characterized by an increase in visceral fat, elevated plasma levels of free fatty acids, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Although the effects of body fat distribution have not been studied in these patients, an increase in both subcutaneous and abdominal fat mass in non-OSA older women was shown to increase morbidity and mortality. Fat/adipose tissue is an active tissue capable of secreting proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6, reactive oxygen species and adipokines. Particularly, abdominal fat is a prominent source of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which contributes to a low grade, chronic inflammatory state in these patients. Additionally, an increased inflammatory state is associated with reduced lean body mass, and together with elevated circulating free fatty acids may increase the occurrence of lipotoxicity and insulin resistance. Thus, increased fat deposition is associated with a poor prognosis in OSA and COPD patients and therefore it is of clinical and scientific importance to understand the changes in fat metabolism and digestion as a result of OSA and COPD. It is therefore our hypothesis that fat synthesis and insulin resistance is increased and whole body protein synthesis is decreased in OSA and COPD patients, leading to a poor prognosis.