Active clinical trials for "Cicatrix"

The rates of cesarean section (CS) are rising all over the world. Worldwide the number of CS is millions every year. CS is one of the most frequently performed operation for women. As a consequence many women have a scar in their uterus. Cesarean scar may be associated with complications in later pregnancies. In recent years there have also been a few reports indicating that cesarean scar could potentially be associated with menstrual disorders and infertility. The impact of cesarean scar defect on long term welfare or quality of life is not clear. In some women with a history of CS it is possible to recognise a defect in the site of previous uterotomy years after the performed CS by sonographic examination. This defect in the scar, also called as a niche, is a consequence of incomplete healing of the scar in the lower part of uterus. To date there is uncertainty relating to the factors that lead to poor healing of cesarean scar. Also impact of cesarean scar defect on later well-being and later pregnancies are not properly known. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of cesarean scar defect. Also the impact of cesarean scar defect on women´s menstrual health, fertility, further deliveries and quality of life will be investigated. This study is a prospective observational cohort study. Women at the age of 18-45 years who will give birth by elective or emergency CS will be asked to participate. Women are recruited within two days of CS. Women with known uterus anomaly or von Willebrand disease will be excluded. The prevalence of scar defect will be evaluated by transvaginal sonography and contrast-enhanced sonohysterography using saline infusion. Both 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional sonography will be used. Sonographic evaluation will take place 6 months after the CS. The following definition for CS scar defect will be used: myometrial discontinuity with a depth of ≥2 mm at the site of cesarean scar that communicates with the uterine or cervical cavity as seen on transvaginal sonography with or without saline infusion. The prevalence of menstrual disorders will be evaluated 12 months after the CS. The subjects will be asked to report the number of menstrual bleeding days once a month during 3 consecutive months. Postmenstrual spotting is defined as ≥2 days of brownish discharge at the end of menstruation with total bleeding days of ≥7 or non-cyclic bleeding not related to menstruation.

Surgical wounds can be closed in several manners. Some physicians believe that closure in a straight line produces a scar that is more visible and slightly raised when compared to closure in a zigzagging fashion. The researchers of this study believe that there is no difference in the cosmetic appearance of one type of wound closure over the other. To evaluate this, they will provide a survey with visual aids to volunteers to rate the appearance of a straight line scar versus a zigzag scar.

The prevalence of kidney scarring after UTI is approximately 5-57%. UTIs are caused mainly by bacteria that cause local and systemic immunological reaction that are accompanied by cytokines. These cytokines are a main factor in the inflammatory process. They are produced by leukocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and epithelial cells in the kidney tissue. Interleukin 6 and 8 (IL-6 IL-8) were found in high levels in the urine of children and adults who suffer from UTIs. Other studies on animals have found a relationship between inflammatory reaction and scarring in the kidney. We hypothesize that we will find a similar relationship between the level of IL-6, IL-8 in the urine during acute pyelonephritis in children and the probability of kidney scarring.

Prospective observational study in which FXIII levels and coagulation tests and cicatrization are measured during the 30 days after the thermal trauma.

The study is to compare hysteroscopic repair and transvaginal intervention for correcting uterine defect in patients with post cesarean scar defect (PCSD) and the reproductive prognosis.

Scar is an unpleasant symptom that commonly appear after orthopedic surgery, especially the joint procedure. Due to the wide motion range, skin around joint has excessive tension that may increase risk for wide or conspicuous scar formation of surgical wound. Noticeable scar can negatively impact the quality of life and psychosocial development. However, scar management is overlooked in early recovery period easily. Patients commonly start to turn their attention to the surgical scar after the completion of rehabilitation or the resolution of disease or unbearable symptom. It is always beyond the best period of scar treatment, 3 to 6 months after wound healing. This study is aimed to observe and evaluate the scar formation with or without aggressive management in pediatric population within 6 months after wound healing.

Termination of early pregnancy in scarred uterus with letrozole and misoprostol compared to Misoprostol alone

Aim: To compare the gene expression of postburn hypertrophic scar with normal skin.