Active clinical trials for "Cocaine-Related Disorders"

Concurrent dependence on cocaine occurs in up to 50% of the over one million opiate dependent patients in spite of methadone maintenance treatment being highly effective for opiate dependence and having excellent treatment retention. Cocaine dependence has remained largely unresponsive to medications both in and outside of these methadone programs. We have initial data from our open-label study with levetiracetam showing that this medication is well tolerated and may reduce cocaine use in this cocaine-abusing methadone treated population. The specific aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of levetiracetam 3 grams/day in modifying cocaine-using behavior, reducing cocaine craving and attenuating cocaine's reinforcing effect among methadone-maintained patients. The primary outcomes will be reduction in cocaine use as assessed by self-report and thrice-weekly urinalyses. Secondary outcomes will include weeks in treatment (retention) and change in measures of cocaine craving, anxiety symptoms and opiate withdrawal symptoms.

This 18-week, randomized, double blind clinical trial provided treatment for 160 cocaine-dependent opioid addicts, aged 18-65 years. Participants were stabilized on LAAM maintenance during the first 4 weeks and cocaine use was assessed; participants were then stratified by level of cocaine use and randomly assigned to receive one of the following: placebo disulfiram (0 mg/day), disulfiram at 62.5 mg/day, disulfiram at 125 mg/day, or disulfiram at 250 mg/day. During induction onto LAAM, participants were administered increasing doses of LAAM plus placebo disulfiram on a thrice-weekly basis until maintenance doses of LAAM are attained. At the beginning of week 5, participants received LAAM plus disulfiram or placebo disulfiram according to their randomized assignments, and were maintained on these agents through week 16. At the end of the study, participants underwent detoxification from LAAM and active/placebo medication over a 4- to 6-week period. All participants received weekly 1-hour psychotherapy (Cognitive Behavioral Treatment) with experienced clinicians specifically trained to deliver the therapy and who received ongoing supervision. The primary outcomes were retention and reduction in opioid and cocaine use, as assessed by self-report and confirmed by thrice-weekly urinalyses. Secondary outcomes included reductions in other illicit drug and alcohol use, as well as improvements in psychosocial functioning.

The purpose of this study is to determine if quetiapine add-on therapy is associated with a decrease in cocaine use and craving and a greater improvement in mood.

The purpose of this study is... To assess whether a behavioral treatment that combines motivational enhancement and cognitive skills training therapy (MET-CBT) is more effective than brief advice in: 1) decreasing use of a full range of psychoactive substances (e.g. marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamines, alcohol, nicotine, opioids) in pregnant substance using and dependent women; 2) decreasing HIV risk behavior; 3) improving birth outcomes (longer gestations and greater birth weight).

Background: - The treatment of addiction often hinges on preventing relapse into drug-using behaviors, which occurs at high rates even after prolonged abstinence. Some methadone patients continue to abuse cocaine and heroin during treatment, even with extensive psychosocial services. More research is needed to look at the results from earlier studies of continued drug use during methadone treatment, focusing on the results of fixed vs. flexible doses of methadone to reduce the likelihood of continued drug use and the role of monetary vouchers as an incentive to continue abstinence from illicit substances. Objectives: - To determine if the combination of flexible methadone dosing and voucher-based contingency management can improve rates of abstinence from heroin and cocaine. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 65 years of age or older who are dependent on opioids (cocaine and/or heroin). Design: The study will last 40 weeks. After the initial screening, participants will receive daily methadone and weekly drug counseling sessions that will continue throughout the study. After 6 weeks of methadone treatment, participants who continue to use heroin and cocaine will be randomized to one of four groups for 16 weeks of study. Each group will receive a flexible or fixed dose of methadone, and one of two contingency management conditions. Flexible-dose participants will receive individualized dose increases, based on drug use and withdrawal. Fixed-dose participants will be set at a specific dose of methadone that will not be changed. The two contingency management conditions will be monetary vouchers given for regular cocaine-negative urine samples, or vouchers independent of urine cocaine screen results. After the study phase, participants will have 10 weeks of standard individual counseling and stable doses of methadone. Urine samples will continue to be collected, but no vouchers will be given. At the end of the study, participants will have the choice of transferring to a community clinic or undergoing a 10-week taper from methadone.

Many cocaine dependent individuals are also diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is currently approved to treat individuals diagnosed with ADHD. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of methylphenidate in treating ADHD symptoms in cocaine dependent individuals.

Previous research has shown that disulfiram, a medication sometimes used for treating alcoholism, discourages cocaine use among cocaine addicts who are undergoing methadone treatment. By blocking the enzyme dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH), disulfiram increases levels of dopamine and produces an unpleasant sense of hyperstimulation and discomfort in cocaine users. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of disulfiram in preventing drug relapse among cocaine and opiate addicts with varying inherited levels of DBH.

The purpose of this study is to attempt to identify possible dangerous interactions between cocaine and methylphenidate (MPD). Additional objectives are to determine: a) if MPD reduces the craving and high for cocaine; b) if there are pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between cocaine and MPD; and c) the relationship between cocaine and benzoylecgonine (BE) levels in plasma and BE levels in urine.

The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of naltrexone in the treatment of cocaine dependence as measured by: 1) decreased urine benzoylecgonine (BE) levels, 2) decreased cocaine use by self-report, 3) decreased cocaine craving, and 4) retention in treatment.

The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of ondansetron to reduce cocaine use in subjects with cocaine dependence.