Active clinical trials for "Cognitive Dysfunction"

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and postoperative delirium occurs mainly in aged patients. POCD and POD may increase the mortality and morbidity. However, the mechanism of POCD is not clear yet and no effective therapy method was proved. According to previous study, the neuroinflammation is the main reason both for POCD and POD. Minocycline is a tetracycline derivative. Due to it's lipophilic structure, it is easy to pass through blood brain barrier and attenuate neuroinflammation. It's neuroprotective effects has been proven in many experimental animal models such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease and Parkinson's syndrome. In present study, the investigators hypothesized that minocycline would attenuate the incidence of POCD and POD in the aged patients.

Decline in cognitive function after surgery occurs most commonly in older patients and patients undergoing major surgeries, such as heart surgery. Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) may last a prolonged period of time while Postoperative Delirium (POD) is a more acute disturbance in attention, awareness and cognition. The cause of POCD and POD are not fully understood, however some of the pathophysiology of POCD is similar to that of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Insulin given intravenously during heart surgery has been shown to preserve short and long-term memory function after the operation. Clinical trials further demonstrated that insulin given via the nose (intranasal) improves memory performance of patients with AD or cognitive impairment suggests that intranasal insulin also could be a therapeutic option for POCD and POD. This study is designed to examine the effect intranasal insulin on POCD and POD. The goal is to investigate whether administration of intranasal insulin during and after heart surgery improves cognitive function postoperatively.

This study concerns elderly patients with cancer with onco-geriatric assessment. This study propose to associate the collection of the results with the Mini-Cog and the CODEX with the passing of the MoCA and the MMS tests, as well as a neuropsychological assessment, in order to determine if the patients have cognitive impairments, to evaluate the sensitivity of these 4 screening tests in elderly patients seeking treatment for their cancer. The results of this study will make it possible, where appropriate, to adapt the practice in the context of oncogeriatric assessment.

850,000 people live with dementia in the UK, with that number expected to rise to more than 1 million within the next 5 years. The most common type of dementia (55%) is Alzheimer's dementia, and vascular dementia is the second commonest type (15%). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) affects up to 20% of older adults and describes a set of symptoms rather than a specific medical condition or disease. A person with MCI has subtle problems with one or more of the following: day-to-day memory, concentrating, planning or organising, language (eg struggling to find the right word), and judging distances and seeing objects properly. Although MCI significantly increases the risk of developing dementia (by up to 5 times), at present it is not possible to accurately predict which patients with MCI will progress to dementia. In recent times there has been an increasing awareness that problems with brain blood flow may contribute to the development, or progression, of dementia. Tests of mental abilities, with standardised questions and pen-and-paper tests are a key component of the formal diagnosis of dementia, yet little is known of the effects of these tests on brain blood flow. Brain blood flow can be can be assessed non-invasively by the use of Trans Cranial Doppler (TCD). This means using ultrasound probes over both sides of the head to measure changes in blood flow in one of the main brain arteries (the middle cerebral artery). This proposed study will therefore use TCD to evaluate changes in brain blood flow during performance of the Addenbrooke's-III (ACE-III) cognitive assessment in four key groups of patients, specifically: Healthy older adults Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) Patients with vascular dementia Patients with Alzheimer's dementia

The purpose of this study is to determine whether baroreceptor sensitivity (the ability of your body to change your heart rate and/or blood pressure in response to a situation) has any effect on how likely you are to suffer certain events after heart or lung surgery. The postoperative events that the investigators will be studying are pain after surgery, atrial fibrillation (an irregular heart rhythm), and cognitive dysfunction (a decline in mental abilities).

The purposes of this study are to determine whether long-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is occured after general anesthesia and anesthetic drugs have an effect on the result about POCD.

The relationship among hypertension, aging and cognitive decline is complex and not completely understood. Purpose of this project will be evaluating early markers of cognitive deterioration in patients with arterial hypertension. In particular, this cross-sectional observational study will be articulated in three phases: Neuropsychological evaluation of general cognitive abilities Identification and measurement of specific biomarker levels Correlation among hypertension, cognitive abilities and biomarkers.

This 7-year randomized controlled trial will compare the efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation (trans-cranial Direct Current Stimulation - tDCS) combined with cognitive remediation (CR) versus sham ("placebo") tDCS combined with sham ("placebo") CR in slowing down cognitive decline and preventing Alzheimer's Dementia in older persons with mild cognitive impairment or major depressive disorder with or without mild cognitive impairment.

The objectives of this study are to determine whether identifying patients with baseline cognitive deficits or frailty predict postoperative delirium.

Cognition encompasses memory, attention, language and other brain capacities that are necessary for good quality of life and independence. Age-related cognitive decline starts at the third decade of life and in some cases can start to impact daily functioning in the late forties. Dementia is the most devastating consequence associated with age-related cognitive decline. Recent studies indicate that improving cognition by means of intensive computerized brain training can mitigate some aspects of agerelated cognitive decline, and may even have a role in preventing or delaying dementia onset. Critically, the capacity of a given individual to improve their cognitive performance after training is fundamentally related to engagement with the exercises. Currently, little is known about how to apply intensive computerized cognitive training effectively in the health system, ensuring engagement and best progress. This project aims to tackle this challenge by developing, applying and testing personalized approaches to implement cognitive training in daily life of older adults that were recently evaluated at Memory Clinics and their care partners. The community readiness approach will be implemented using semi-structured interviews, conducted with subjects that may be interested in cognitive training, key informant, and key stakeholders. Using this information, the investigators will design an individualized training program and follow up its application in a feasibility trial. Twenty participants, recently evaluated at different Memory Clinics in Ireland, will be recruited, interviewed and invited to engage, over the ensuing 2 to 3 months, in computerized cognitive training. Subjects will be assessed after completion of the intervention for training adherence and individual gains on the computerized exercises. In order to gain insight about regional specificities of the approach the investigators will perform a parallel project using the same methodology in Brazil. This project is expected to inform the future implementation of cognitive training in public health policies for older adults.