Active clinical trials for "Cognitive Dysfunction"

Amyloid plaques and tau protein are the landmarks of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). On the other hand, it is reported that cerebral ischemia may induce amyloid plaques and tau protein accumulation. However, it was difficult to in vivo disentangle the complex and dynamic interactions between AD pathophysiology and cerebral vascular injury in the development of post-stroke cognitive impairment in the past. With the advent of novel radiotracers specific to cerebral amyloid plaques and tau protein, we aim to conduct a prospective multimodal neuroimaging cohort study to investigate the contribution of vascular injury, amyloid plaques and tau protein to stroke recovery and post-stroke cognitive impairment.

This smartphone-based personalized multiple intervention study aims to prevent cognitive impairment and reduce dementia and cerebrovascular events in 45-74 year old persons with high risk of stroke in China. The investigators plan to monitor and manage participants' behavioral and health (vascular risk factors control, sleep quality, mental health and cognitive training) based on self-monitoring and personalized feedback via smartphone app. The short-term primary outcome is 1-year change in global cognitive score measured by a modified National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Canadian Stroke Network-Canadian Stroke Network protocol. The investigators hypothesize that the intervention based on self-monitoring and personalized feedback will prevent cognitive decline by the initial 1-year intervention. The long-term primary outcome is the development of dementia and cerebrovascular events during a total of 5 years' follow-up. The investigators hypothesize that the smartphone-based personalized multiple intervention may reduce the 5-year risk of dementia and cerebrovascular events, mainly through the improvement in vascular risk factors control, sleep quality, mental health and cognitive training activities.

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare conventional clinical data collected as part of usual practice with data collected by the two digital tools to help diagnose major and minor neurocognitive disorders in elderly people consulting a memory center for cognitive complaints. The main question[s] it aims to answer are: Is it possible to create a classification between the different intensities of cognitive impairment? Is it possible to create a diagnostic tool consistent with the reference diagnosis? Participants will be asked to complete a series of cognitive and fine motor tasks, and will be given questionnaires on their lifestyle and medical history. They will be asked to wear a connected watch for 1 week. There is no comparison group.

This study will probe if the biological changes in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are related to a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) using high definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) and blood-derived biomarker tools. Participants who Do as well as those who Do Not have a history of mTBI will be enrolled in the study.

This study is to investigate whether the improvement or maintenance of cognitive function is superior to the control group when gum chewing is performed in elderly people with subjective cognitive decline or mild cognitive impairment.

Dementia, especially dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease, is considered one of the most severe health problems of our time. It is currently known that the disease begins many years before clinical symptoms appear. The sooner the patient is diagnosed, the sooner the patient will be in a position to prevent further deterioration. A recent orientation is the analysis of language in relation to the description of images with a high and varied semantic and emotional content. It can be studied that changes in the description of an image check if these changes are associated with the evolution of a person with probable impairment both in memory and cognitive as well as emotional, psychiatric, behavioral and even in their interaction with environmental factors especially those associated with socialization and loneliness. Thus, the purpose of this study is to validate speech analysis AI models.

The study utilizes investigational software, the SPARK Test, with an FDA-cleared electroencephalography (EEG) amplifier and EEG cap to collect and then analyze patient EEG data.

The primary goal of this project is to evaluate feasibility and acceptability of the MIND+SOUL diet and its implementation. Secondary goals of this project are to evaluate cardiovascular risk profile, nutritional health status, and cognition in relation to the MIND+SOUL diet intervention.

Background and objects： Neuroinflammation is an active process detectable in the earliest stages of the neurodegeneration pathway. On the other hand, significant neuroinflammation, such as reactive astrocytosis, can also be observed after cerebral ischemic injury. [18F]THK5351 can monitor the neuroinflammatory process due to its high affinity to astrogliosis, and [18F]PMPBB3 is the novel tau protein radiotracer without significant off-target binding to MAO-B. The investigators hypothesize that the neuroinflammation after acute stroke may induce the tau protein accumulation. In the current proposal, our aims are to 1) explore the interaction between neuroinflammation and tau protein accumulation in acute stroke patients by applying both the [18F]PMPBB3 and [18F]THK5351 PET images and 2) determine their influence on the longterm stroke outcome and cognitive performance. Method： The prospective project plans to recruit 2 groups of participants: one is patients with first-ever acute stroke (Group A, n=50), and the other is healthy people as the control group (Group B, n=30). Within 3 weeks of stroke, [18F]THK5351 and [18F]PMPBB3 PET will be done for imaging cerebral neuroinflammation and tau protein distribution. Brain MRI for obtaining structural and functional information will be done within 3 weeks and 3 months after stroke. Clinical and cognitive outcome will be evaluated at week 3 and months 3 and 12. In addition, APOE genotyping and carotid ultrasound will be performed as well. By obtaining the neuroimaging information, such as severity of white matter change and infarction, cortical and hippocampal atrophy, and SUVRs of [18F]THK5351 and [18F]PMPBB3 PET, the study will be able to investigate the complex interaction between neuroinflammation and tau protein accumulation after stroke, and also evaluate their influence on structural changes, stroke outcome and cognitive performance. Group comparisons will be performed using the Chi-square test, independent t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and multiple linear regression, where appropriate. Anticipation： In this project, the investigators will be able to identify the distribution patterns of neuroinflammation and tau protein accumulation after actue stroke. Secondly, the investigators expect that the presence of neuroinflammation and tau protein accumulation will interfere with the functional connectivity. Finally, the investigators expect that the extent of neuroinflammation and tau protein is correlated with stroke outcome and post-stroke cognitive impairment.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a procedure that uses a special type of machine to take pictures of the inside of the body after a radioactive drug is administered. The radioactive drug that is used for this study may be an FDA approved imaging drug or may be used as an investigational imaging drug as part of another study for which participants are taking part. PET using various radiotracers is useful for the diagnosis of various diseases, including cancer, brain diseases, infection, and heart or lung disease. The purpose of this study is to test a research PET machine called the PennPET Explorer long-axial field-of-view scanner. This research PET machine can image a larger section of the body than the current clinical PET scanners, allowing most of the body to be imaged at one time. This scanner is still an investigational device and is being tested in this study to collect more information about how best to use this type of whole body scanner.