Active clinical trials for "Cognitive Dysfunction"

Obesity has been associated with cognitive impairments, lower blood flow, metabolic activity and brain volume. Obesity in adulthood is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease in the elderly. The mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition that may precede dementia. We hypothesized that promotion of weight loss in obese people with MCI, through caloric restriction could lead to improvement in cognitive performance or reduction in the rate of decline and decreased risk of dementia. A sample of 80 patients aged ≥ 60 years, obese, with MCI, will be randomized to two groups that will be followed for 12 months. The control group will receive conventional medical care. The intervention group will receive nutritional counseling individually and in groups, aiming to promote weight loss through caloric restriction, and medical monitoring. Before and after intervention patients will be evaluated for anthropometry, body composition, physical performance, control of comorbidities, laboratory tests (glucose, insulin, lipid profile, leptin, adiponectin, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, CRP), Genotyping apolipoprotein E, neuropsychological battery, questionnaires about activities of daily living, physical activity and diet.

This study will examine the effects of a theoretically grounded and manualized cognitive rehabilitation program on patients with Spina Bifida (SB). SB is often associated with deficit in higher order control over cognition, emotion and behaviour; which is typically referred to as executive functions. The present study will examine the efficacy of Goal Management Training (GMT) in patients with SB that experience executive difficulties. It is expected that GMT will have a favourable effect on cognitive executive functioning, psychological and health related factors.

The purpose of this study is to find out if different doses of Investigational Drug are safe, tolerable, and if they have an effect on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

This study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the study drug compared to placebo in the treatment of cognitive impairment in men with schizophrenia.

This is a 8-week double-blind placebo controlled parallel group study of the efficacy of varenicline (Chantix) for smoking cessation in schizophrenic patients, and its effect on cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.At some sits evaluation of smoking measures is extended to 12 weeks. Correlations will be made with biological predictors of efficacy: a) measures of nicotinic receptors in lymphocytes b) DNMT1 and GAD67 mRNA in lymphocytes. Subjects will be current cigarette smokers or history of regular smokers.

The purpose of this study was to explore in a more documented way the relative potential and efficacy of piracetam 9600 and 4800 mg daily.

The current project proposes the comparison of two pharmacologic strategies as adjunctive treatments for the improvement of HIV-associated neurocognitive disruption, additionally to use of HAART. The investigators propose the use of the compound that has shown greatest benefits in this context to date, the lithium, versus the use of a well-tolerated and promising drug in other pathologies with neurocognitive affectation, such as Alzheimer or Parkinson diseases, which is the rivastigmine. In those other diseases, this second compound has recently offered a good tolerability, but also benefits on attention, memory and other neurocognitive areas. Both study groups, patients on therapy with lithium and patients on therapy with rivastigmine, will be compared to a control group, which will not initiate any other treatment (therefore only continuing antiretroviral therapy). The investigators are aware that this proposal will offer new relevant data for the study of neurocognitive improvement in HIV infection, as well will allow a better knowledge of clinical management of HIV-infected patients with CNS disease, an aspect that is a common clinical concern today.

Based on prior published pilot studies, the investigators have initiated a larger, multi-site placebo-controlled clinical trial with Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and individuals diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), with the hopes of (1) confirming (or denying) the above promising clinical findings, and (2) determining whether or not our formulation can delay MCI "conversion" to AD.

The purpose of this study is to compare two different combination anti-HIV therapies over 48 weeks and to assess if differences in improvement in the function of the brain are observed over this period. The study will compare anti-HIV therapy combinations which are currently in use. The patients will not have had any previous treatment for their HIV infection.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the usefulness of memantine, compared to placebo (sugar pill), for the treatment of cognitive impairment in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia. Memantine is used as a safe and effective treatment for patients with Alzheimer's disease. Cognitive impairment includes concentration and memory difficulties. We will look at how well this medication helps your cognitive impairment, how well you tolerate this medication (including its effects on your motor symptoms of PD) your activities of daily living, your emotions, and any medical conditions you might have. We will interview a person you choose as your "informant".