Active clinical trials for "Cognitive Dysfunction"

Dementia is one of the main chronic non-communicable diseases associated with disability, institutionalization, and mortality among elderly individuals. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD) are considered to be the main types of dementia. A widely shared view is that future treatment strategies need to focus on treatment of the earliest stages of the disease. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) constitutes an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia. Vascular cognitive disorders (VCD) is an umbrella term representing a wide spectrum of cognitive disorder evoked by or associated with vascular causes. It encompasses patients suffering from a range of types of cognitive impairment, from mild impairment to VD. VCD predementia (VCD-P) is at the same stage of MCI. Amnestic MCI (aMCI) is a subtype of MCI, which is also considered to be the clinical transition stage between normal aging and AD, and has been applied to detect the emerging dementia. In VCD, infarcts or profuse white matter disease are considered the cause of cognitive decline. By contrast, AD is one of the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorders thought to be caused by amyloid aggregation and the formation of tau tangles. Both VCD-P and aMCI have a deficit in cognitive domains, and may have the same chief complaints of memory deficit. If it can be clear which will turn into what type of dementia in patients with cognitive impairment stage, it can not only make us more early intervention treatment to the patients, but also can save a lot of social resources and economic costs in clinic. By applying the resting state functional magnetic resonance (fMRI), structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) multimodal magnetic resonance (NMR) technology, the project comprehensive analysis comparison of neurodegenerative and blood vessels of brain function in patients with mild cognitive impairment and structural abnormalities connection mode. This project in order to reveal the cognitive impairment disease neural circuits in the development of the network connection and its change rule. People can further understand the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment, discover new will provide a scientific basis for prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

Preexisting cognitive impairment, such as mild cognitive impairment, is common in many elderly patients who undergoing major surgeries. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that preexisting cognitive impairment is associated with increased mortality, increased incidence of postoperative complications, decreased quality of life, and worse outcomes. However, few studies have evaluated the relationship between preexisting cognitive impairment and cognitive trajectories and clinical outcomes.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether preoperative pain is the risk factor of POCD in elder patients.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether a short interactive video game device is associated with performance on standard measures of attention and problem solving in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE). The study is also designed to see if playing the video game for four weeks improves attention and problem solving in patients with SLE.

As postoperative cognitive dysfunction rates are high especially in elder patients, cognitive dysfunction is not diagnosed and treated effectively. This statement is associated with prolonged hospital stays by increasing morbidity. We wanted to see the incidency of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients undergoing elective pituitary tumor removal surgery.

postoperative cognitive decline is a common and deleterious complication in aged patients.The link between inflammation and postoperative cognitive decline has also been reported.However,the link between SOD1，SOD2，Osteopontin， Kallikrein-6，and Contactin-1 and postoperative cognitive decline is unknown. In this project ,investigators examine the relationship between 5 cytokines measured at there timepoints (preoperative [PREOP], postoperative day 1 [POD1] , and postoperative day 3[POD2]) and postoperative cognitive decline among older adults undergoing orthopedic surgery.

The study intends to measure the evolution over time of the cognitive capacity of patients undergoing cataract surgery in relation to the opaque lens removal surgery (cataract) in a population considered to be at risk of neurocognitive degeneration. Secondary objectives: • Estimate the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunctions and any episodes of perioperative delirium with the aim of demonstrating the safety of cataract surgery in the elderly patient in terms of cognitive functions and impact on the psychological state. In the context of the study a risk sub-population analysis will be carried out, evaluating the trend over time of the "endothelial cells count" parameter The elderly population remains, due to the aging of the cornea, a population "at risk" for significant alterations from the clinical point of view. During the study the endothelial cells count will be monitored, in order to be able to evaluate the safety of the cataract surgery and to be able to correctly correlate a possible deterioration in the visual acuity of patients with corneal decompensation. To evaluate the progress of the endothelial cells count in the elderly patient during the pre-intervention and post-intervention period. Since the low values of cellular media in endothelial microscopy are an element that increases the risk of complications during cataract surgery, the study wants to assess how waiting times between filter visits and cataract surgery can cause an elderly patient worsening of this parameter even in a few months. The trend of the same parameter will be monitored even after the intervention since in case of decrease, the low endothelial count could cause an alteration of visual acuity and therefore a minor improvement in cognitive performance. The research will be set as a longitudinal observational study where will be compared in each patient the parameters analyzed in the 6 months prior to cataract surgery and in the 3 months following the operation itself. Patients will be enrolled during the first cataract filter visit, will be submitted to simple questions and their clinical data will be collected. Subsequently, before and after three months of surgery repeated cognitive testing and the control normally performed instrumental tests during follow-up. A clinical follow-up will be provided, during normal follow-up visits at 20 days and 6 months after the patient's surgery: the following information will be collected during these visits BCVA (visual acuity) endothelial cells microscopy OCT macula and optic nerve Catquest 9SF; Barthel Index; Six Item Cognitive Test Confusion Assessment Method (CAM): this exam will be performed within 24 hours of post-surgery and 20 days after surgery. It is important to underline that the cognitive tests proposed to patients consist of simple questions that do not depend on the visual ability of the subject.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is distinguished from healthy aging by cognitive difficulties that are greater than expected for one's age and education. Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is a major sub-type of MCI with noticeable impairments in memory. Approximately 12% of aMCI will progress to AD per year. There are two test to evaluate the effects on memory, but both without Chinese version. This study is to know the test-retest reliability of the Chinese version of the Verbal learning test and Selective reminding test among people with mild cognitive impairment.

Our study is designed to evaluate the effect of intranasal insulin on postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Primary outcome: 1. The occurrence of cognitive dysfunction at approximately 7 days after surgery. Secondary outcome: 1. Incidence of any side effect.

This is an observational study. Patients who fulfill all inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be enrolled in the study, be neurologically evaluated and will go through EEG recordings while listening to an auditory cognitive assessment tool and preforming tasks. EEG recordings will be analyzed using proprietary computational analyses.